Transcript Training - Kwanzaa Gallery

Personal, Individual, and
Institutional Racism
The Rite of Passage Course
The Kwanzaa Gallery
Instructor: Frank M. Johnson
Introduction
The unconscious, taken for
granted, assumed, rarely
questioned, unexamined,
unchallenged acceptance
of the belief by anyone
that……
Introduction
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The world as it looks to the dominant culture is
the only world
The way of dealing with the world which the
dominant culture has created is the only way of
dealing with it.
The values which the dominant culture has
established are the only acceptable values
The way life looks to the dominant culture is
the only way it can be viewed by anyone.
What the dominant culture thinks minorities are
like is truth and the only acceptable way to the
about minority people
Summary of Course
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Students will be
familiarized with the
terms involved with
personal, individual,
and institutional
racism.
Provided a perspective
of racism and the
effects it has had on
individuals and the
society in which we
live.
Who is in Attendance?
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Find out any relevant background
and interest of the audience
Agenda
Types of Racism
Categories of Personal and Individual
Racism
Components of Personal and
Institutional Racism
Socialization and Racism
Categories of Racist Actions
Levels of Institutional Racism
Characteristics of U.S. Institutions
harboring Racism
Examples of Institutional Practices
Social and Human Costs of Institutional
Racism
Institutional Racism Checklist
Reverse Discrimination
Perceptions of Reverse Discrimination
RACISM
Wanted - Dead Only
No Image Available
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PUBLIC ENEMY NO. 1
Alias: Personal and Institutional
Recent Crimes
 Ulcers
 Heart Attack
 High Blood Pressure
 Skin rashes
 Headaches
 Backaches
 Asthma
RACISM
Wanted - Dead Only
No Image Available
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Past Crimes
 Civil Disorder
 Law Violations
 Civil Unrest
 Creating Enemies
 Alienating Parents
 Alienating Citizens
Robbing Talent & Potential
Loss Initiative
Debasing Human Beings
Disheartening Youth
RACISM
Wanted - Dead Only
No Image Available
Causing lapse in motivation
 Infiltrating every known institution in
society
 Spoiling every culture in society
 A spreading contamination with virus
effect
LAST SIGHTING:
 Ignorance Avenue
 Ethnocentrism City
 Between Bigotry and Discrimination
County
 State of Prejudice
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RACISM
Wanted - Dead Only
No Image Available
ALL CITIZENS ARE ADVISED TO BE ON
THE ALERT. RACISM IS ARMED AND
DANGEROUS AND WILL DESTROY
WITHOUT SUFFICIENT CAUSE
PROTECT YOU HOMES AND FAMILIES
UNTIL CAUGHT
Racism - What is It?
The attitude, belief
and associated
feeling's) that
white people are
inherently
superior to
nonwhite and
darker skinned
people, or that
darker skinned
people are
inherently inferior
to white people
Vocabulary
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Personal / Individual Racism
Institutional racism
Dominant Cultural Racism
Overt Racism
Covert Racism
Intentional Racism
Unintentional Racism
Vocabulary (cont’d)
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Prejudice
Discrimination
Ethnocentrism
Stereotyping
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Moral Self-Interests
Material Self-Interests
Personal / Individual Racism
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A belief or feeling of racial superiority with
corresponding negative racial attitudes that may
be expressed through the most subtle behavior
to the violent acts
Any act, attitude, belief held by an individual (or
subsequent action) which subordinates or
subjugates a person or group of persons
because of the skin color.
Personal / Individual Racism
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The assumption that psycho-cultural traits and
capabilities are determined by biological race,
and that the races differ decisively, one from
another, which is coupled with a belief in the
inherent superiority of a particular race and/or
its right to dominion over others.
Racism results from the transformation of race
prejudice and/or ethnocentrism through the
exercise of power against a racial group defined
as inferior, by individuals and institutions, with
intentional or unintentional support of the
majority of the culture.
Connections
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Explain how all the individual topics
fit together
How The Self-Image Is Formed
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Positive Words,
Pictures and
Feelings
or
Negative Words,
Pictures and
Feelings
Imagination X
Vividness =
Subconscious
Reality
SELF-IMAGE
CYCLE
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SELF TALK
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SELF
REAL
PERFORMANCE IMAGE
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SELF TALK BUILDS
SELF IMAGE
SELF IMAGE
CONTROLS REAL
PERFORMANCE
REAL PERFORMANCE
REINFORCES SELF
TALK
AFFIRMATIONS &
VISUALIZATIONS
ENHANCES CYCLE
The POWER Diamond
LAW
 LAW
 RESOURCES
 POWER
CULTURE
RESOURCES
 CULTURE
SYSTEMS
POWER
CYCLE OF RACISM
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COMMUNICATIONS
SUPERIORITY /
INFERIORITY
GEOGRAPHIC
EXCLUSION
DISCRIMINATION
INEQUALITY
REINFORCED BELIEFS
RACISM
COMMUNICATIONS
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RACISM
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LANGUAGE BARRIER
MISUNDERSTANDING
MISCONCEPTIONS
IGNORANCE
HYPOCRISY
PREJUDICE
CULTURAL
ARROGANCE
IDEOLOGICAL VALUES
RELATIONSHIPS
UNDER RACISM
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ASSUMED
SUPERIORITY
ASSUMED
INFERIORITY
SEGREGATION
POLARIZATION
SUBORDINATION
EXPLOITATION
RACISM
Institutional Racism
Policies, practices or functions that have
been installed that protect and condone
personal racism.
Dominant Cultural Racism
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Those actions, activities and practices
that are traditional, which have become a
part of the social order which condone
personal or institutional racism.
The sum total of all the varied beliefs,
traditional, attitudes, values, needs,
norms, standards which create,
maintains and / or perpetuates the
“racist” society.
Overt / Covert Racism
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Those actions that are openly /
publicly demonstrated and are
easily identified
Those actions that are hidden,
ranging from subliminal to
subterfuge, hard to identify and
destructive.
Intentional / Unintentional Racism
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Those actions that are done
deliberately and with purpose
Those actions that are done
inadvertently or as a result of
traditional thought or cultural
training.
Prejudice
A preconceived judgment or opinion, with
faulty reasoning, may be explicitly implied
or expressed vocally. Prejudice is an
internal disposition about a person or
group of person without bothering to
verify the opinion or examine its merit.
Discrimination
The external act's) of prejudice in words or
action. The practice of differential and
unequal treatment, usually by the
dominant or majority group.
Ethnocentrism
The belief that one’s own group, institution or
culture is better and inherently superior to
others. White ethnocentrism translated into
an inhuman attitude and behavior that
subordinates, subjugates or exploits
people based on differences that are
considered inferior, usually non-white in
origin, and having the power to reward or
punish in order to maintain that belief
system.
Stereotyping
Any activity by individuals, groups,
institutions or cultures that treat other
human beings unjustly because of color,
then, rationalizes that treatment by
attributing to those beings biological,
social and cultural characteristics that are
undesirable.
Self-fulfilling Prophecy
A theory that we as individuals, if we are
seen as an authority figure, has an extraordinary unknown influence on others
which if translated into the power of
expectation alone, by example, can
influence the behavior of others to
become what we expect or predict.
Moral / Material Self Interests
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Surfaced through issues such as bussing,
zoning, redlining etc., which harbors the
concept “we don’t want to live near them,
because we want to protect our children,” or
“they’re dirty, nasty and smell bad.”
Action mode which harbors the ideology
“What in it for me (or us.)” , “What will I
lose…” or “..if I allow integration, my
property value will decrease or crime will run
rampant.”
Socialization and Racism
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The process is an all encompassing education in
which goals and roles are taught or acquired.
Pressure is applied by rewarding, punishing,
ignoring or other expectation that pushes a
youth toward displaying “acceptable” behavior.
Webster: To fit or to train for a social
environment
Racism is a learned attitude and developed
behavior that is picked up through the home,
church, school and other institutions which a
child is involved in their growth years
Types of Racist Action
Locution
Bad mouthing. Public or Private. Subtle
racism
Avoidance
Overt and identifiable action in social or
public forum which harbors segregationist
or separatist beliefs.
Discrimination
Open action which has exclusionary
consequences against people of color
Physical Attack
Riot, Mob violence, Lynching
Genocide
Extermination
Institutions
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An institution is a significant, and
persistent element, in the life of a culture.
Centers on a fundamental need, activity
or value
Institutional practice, relationship or
organization
Occupies an enduring or cardinal position
in a society
Maintained stable by social, federal,
regulatory and economic agencies.
Institutional Racism
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Involves have the power of an
institution to carry out systemic
discriminatory practices in any one or
all institutional of a society.
The ability to utilize the institutions of
a society to inequitably distribute the
resources (or manage to the
consistent disadvantage of people of
color) the resources maintained by
the organization for the society at
large.
Levels of Institutional Racism
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Discrimination
Forced Assimilation
Segregation
Slavery
Genocide
Discrimination
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Exclusion from the institution on the
basis of color or culture.
Discriminatory practices may be
unintentional with the end result
creating an exclusionary barrier.
Forced Assimilation
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Person or groups of people who are
forced to lose (or forsake) their
individual social or cultural identity
(or heritage) in order to become
partially accepted into the core
institutional activities.
Segregation
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Isolation, separation or blocking
access to the resources of the
institution, or from positions of
affluence in the institution.
Slavery
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To bring physically under the yoke
of power held by an institution, or
to bring into total servitude to
representatives of the institution
Genocide
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Extreme form of institutional racism
which result in the elimination of
those persons or groups who are
different through utilization of the
power of the institutions
EFFECTS AND AFFECTS
UNDER RACISM
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DISCRIMINATION
INEQUALITY
POVERTY
ADVERSE BELIEFS
ADVERSE VALUES
REINFORCE THE
NEGATIVE
Institutional Character
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Control of major activities by the majority
culture
Power in the hands of a few
Dependent upon long established traditions
Committed to limited risk policies and
procedures
Highly organized, departmentalized and
stratified
Profit and/or mission oriented
Conservative ‘status quo’ philosophy
Efficient and impersonal
Resistant to change and innovation:
permanence is normalcy and stability
Institutional Practices Harboring
Racism
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Education (IQ, SFP, Miseducation)
Legal System (Policing, Biases, Controls)
Employment Agencies (Qualifications)
Labor Unions) (Seniority Systems)
Business (Restrictions Free
Enterprise/Competition)
Industries (Limited Risk Policies/Glass
Ceiling)
Civic Organizations (Lack of Business Control)
Government (Voting Rights. Power Use,
Crises)
The Military (Racial Conflicts)
Social and Costs of Institutional
Racism
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Loss of Human Resource Potential
Distortion of Values to Justify Action
Loss of Personal Self-respect
Narrows Viewpoints, defensiveness,
hostile attitudes
Economic strain on victims and perps
Constrains political, social and
cultural development
Social and Costs of Institutional
Racism Cont’d
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Incentive Lost
Creates dependency on federal
government for justice
Creates central city ghettos,
enterprise zones and urban blithe
Imposes monetary burden on society
Prevents beneficial coalitions
Dehumanization
Institutional Checklist
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Are there laws denying individuals or
groups admission into systems based
on race, color or ethnicity?
Is there a seniority promotion system
whereby some groups are excluded
from competition during part of the
time the system is enforce?
Are realtors managing prices on
homes in certain areas? Does this
pricing adjust according to the race or
ethnicity of the buyer?
Institutional Checklist
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Does the welfare system maintain
the dependency norm, rather that
serve as an activity for progressive
change and relief?
Are the voting districts modified
after each census to ‘gerrymander’
strengths according to gender, race,
culture or ethnicity?
Reverse Discrimination
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Those policies, practices, procedures or
standards that discriminates against the
dominant group by affording preferential
treatment to the minority group.
Involves using expedient and faulty procedures
to meet affirmative actions objectives.
Affirmative actions were designed to be a tool
to correct part discriminatory imbalances in a
functional area, reverse discrimination occurs
when ‘quotas’ are attached to meet objective
where no problem has existed. Quotas are
inflexible. Goals should be used. The misuse
example wherein a quota being established
with no target group applicant - holding the
position vacant
THE HIGH PERFORMANCE
SYSTEM
TEAMWORK
PURPOSE
PROCESSES
PEOPLE
COMMUNICATIONS
FEEDBACK
GOALS
LEADERSHIP
CREATIVITY
INNOVATIONS
FLEXIBILITY
THE HIGH PERFORMING
PERSON
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SELF IMAGE
RISK TAKING
HOLISTIC FITNESS
VISUALIZATION
WORK STYLE
NETWORKING
BELIEF SYSTEM
MANAGING TIME
Principles of African Way of Life
Restoring Ancestry
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Reassessment
Reclaiming
Recommitment
Remembrance
Retrieval
Resumption
Resurrection
Rejuvenation
Key Barriers to Realization of the
African American Dream
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Low Achievement
Orientation
Unconstructive
Climate
Unconstructive
Environment
Stunted Individual
Growth
Lack of Creative
Capacity
Undeveloped Societal
Role
Key Barriers to Realization of the
African American Dream (cont’d)
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Soft Critiquing
Negative Intergroup
Relations
Ineffective Educational
Methods
Inappropriate Leadership
Inadequate Team
Organization
Inadequate Group
Organization
Unqualified Membership
Insufficient Parental
Involvement
Contemporary Issues in the Black
Community
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Education of Black
Children
Parental
Involvement Level
in Education
Quality of
Education
Economic
Development
Business
Development
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Communications
Drugs in the
Community
Violence in the
Community
Lack of Unity in
Community
Crime in the
Community
Contemporary Issues in the Black
Community
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Quality of Political
Leadership
Single Mothers /
Heads of
Households
Teen Pregnancy
Training for
Economic
Empowerment
Lack of Cohesion
and Networking
Organizations
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Poor Parenting
Skills
High School
Dropout Rate
Environmental
Racism
Absence of
Parental
Involvement in
Issues
Lack of Financial
Resources in the
Contemporary Issues in the Black
Community
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No Southern
Hospitality
Blacks Doing
Business with
Other Blacks
Black Networking
Prayer in Public
School
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Lack of
Information
Needed to Make
Decisions
Lack of
Accountability of
Black Leadership
Disunity in the
Religious World
Contemporary Issues in the Black
Community
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More Cultural
Activity for Youth
Afro-Am Women
as Business
Owners
Lack of Positive
Images in Media
Working Together
for the Common
Good
Complacency
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Job Opportunities
for Youth
Black Church
/Business
Communications
Youth having
Forward
Aspirations (In
Church)
Stigma on Black
Business
Contemporary Issues in the Black
Community
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Black Business
Owners not
Qualified
Lack of Positive
Role Models
Need to Define
Meaning of ‘Black’
and ‘Blackness’
Summary
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Individual and institutional racism, in
its many forms, are social diseases
that resist traditional treatment.
Racism cannot be seen under any
microscope, but it is there.
We provided the tools necessary to
recognize it when you have dealing
with people.
Democracy depends on the inclusion
of all people regardless of race, color
or ethnicity.
Where to get more information
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Other training sessions
See Bibliography, articles, electronic
sources
Consulting services, other sources
Bibliography
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Hirsch, S. THE RIDDLE OF RACISM. Viking, c1972.
301.451.HIR.
Young, Witney. BEYOND RACISM. McGraw, c1969.
301.451.YOU
Baer, Hans A. THE BLACK SPIRITUAL
MOVEMENT: A RELIGIOUS RESPONSE TO
RACISM. Knoxville, Tennessee: University of
Tennessee Press, 1984.
Bastide, Roger. “COLOR, RACISM AND
CHRISTIANITY.” Daedalus. No. 2, Spring 1967, P.56.
Bibliography
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Bastide, Roger. “COLOR, RACISM AND
CHRISTIANITY.” Daedalus. No. 2, Spring 1967, P.56.
BLACK ANTI-SEMITISM AND JEWISH RACISM
by James Baldwin and others Introd. by Nat Hentoff.
New York, R. W. Baron, 1969. E185.615 B54
Bromy, David G comp. WHITE RACISM AND
BLACK AMERICANS. Edited by David G. Bromley
and Charles F. Longino, Jr. Foreword by Shirley
Chisolm. Cambridge, Mass., Schenkman Pub. Co.;
distributed by General Learning Press Morristown,
N. J., c1972. E 185 B873
Bibliography
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Jordan, Winthrop D., THE WHITE MAN’S BURDEN:
Historical Origins of Racism in the United States.
301.4519 JOR
BOGGS, James. RACISM AND THE CLASS
STRUGGLE: further pages from a black worker’s
notebook. New York, Monthly Review Press, 1970
E185 615 B58
MacCann, Donnarae, comp. THE BLACK
AMERICAN IN BOOKS FOR CHILDREN:
Readings in Racism. 810.9 MacC
Bibliography
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DeNevi, Donald P. comp. RACISM AT THE TURN OF
THE CENTURY; documentary perspectives 18701910. Editors: Donald P. DeNevi and Doris A. Holmes.
Introd.: Norvel Smith. San Rafael, Calif. Leswing Press
1973. E185.6 D46.
Franklin, Raymond S. THE POLITICAL ECONOMY
OF RACISM by Raymond S. Franklin and Solomon
Resnik. New York, Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1973.
E185.615 F72
Bibliography
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Goldschmid, Marcel L. comp. BLACK AMERICANS
AND WHITE RACISM; theory and research. Edited
and Introductions by Marcel L. Goldschmid. New
York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston 1970. E185.61 C595
INSTITUTIONAL RACISM IN AMERICA
Contributors: Owen Blank and others Edited by
Louis L. Knowles and Kenneth Prewitt. With an
appendix by Harold Baron. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.,
Prentice Hall 1970, c1969. E185.61 I6
Bibliography
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Lecky, Robert S. BLACK MANIFESTO: Religion,
racism, and reparations, edited by Robert S. Kecky
and H. Elliott Wright. New York, Sheed and Ward
1969. E185.615 L4
Lindsey, Paul, 1924 - BREAKING THE BONDS OF
RACISM, by Paul and Guilda Lindsey. Homewood,
Ill., ETC Publications 1974. E185.61 L573
Monte, Anita. RACISM / Anita Monte. -- New York:
Pocket Books, 1972. E185 M6
Bibliography
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Perlo, Victor. ECONOMICS OF RACISM U.S. A.:
roots of Black inequality / Victor Perlo. - 1st ed. -New York: International Pub1ishers, l975. E185.8
P418
RACISM AND MENTAL HEALTH: Essays. Charles
V. Wilie, Bernard M. Kramer and Bertram S. Brown,
editors. Pittsburg University of Pittsburg Press 1973.
RA790.6 R3
RACISM AND SLAVERY IN THE WESTERN
HEMISPHERE: Quantative Studies. Princeton, c1975.
(Quantitive studies in History) HT1048 R33
Bibliography
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Schwartz, Barry N. WHITE RACISM: Its History,
Pathology And Practice / by Barry N. Schwartz and
Robert Disch. – New York: Dell Publishing Co., c1970.
E185.61 S35
Scott, Benjamin. THE COMING OF THE BLACK
MAN. Boston: Beacon Press, 1969.
Smith, Hilrie Shelton, 1893 IN HIS IMAGE,
BUT….. Racism in Southern religion, 1780-1910 by
H. Shelton Smith. Durham, N.C., Duke University
Press, 1972. BT734.2 S56
Bibliography
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Thomas, Alexander, 1914 - RACISM AND
PSYCHIATRY, by Alexander Thomas and Samuel
Sillen. New York, Brunner/Mazel 1972. E185.625 T47
Wright, Nathan. LET’S FACE RACISM. Camden
N.H.T. Nelson 1970. E85.61 W947
Young, Whitney M. BEYOND RACISM: building an
open society. By Whitney M. Young, Jr. 1st ed. New
York, McGraw-Hill 1969. E185.615 Y6
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