Transcript U.S. IMPERIALISM - Tawas Area Schools

U.S. IMPERIALISM
The gaining of an empire
Once a nation industrializes
they will then….
• IMPERIALIZE for 2
Reasons:
1. To gain Raw Materials
2. New Market to sell their
manufactured goods.
WHY DID THE US CHANGE ITS ANTIIMPERIALISM POLICIES?
• Late 1800s-early 1900s
• MOTIVATING FACTORS: The US
needed markets to sell their
good and ports to refuel their
ships in the Pacific.
• European nations had been
practicing imperialism in Africa
and Asia. Because these
nations were controlling many
potential trading partners of
the US, many pushed for the US
to gain influence and trading
rights abroad
"Well, I hardly know which to take first."
Boston Globe, 1898.
Is Imperialism Right for the US?
Pro-Imperialism Point of
View
Anti-Imperialism Point of
View
The US needs colonies to compete
economically
Supporting an empire would be a financial
burden
To be a true world power, the US needs
colonies and naval bases
The US should concentrate its energies to
solve problems at home
It is the American destiny to expand, and
its duty to care for poor, weak people
Nonwhite people cannot be assimilated
into American society
To abandon territories makes the US
appear cowardly before the world
An empire would involve the US in more
wars
It is only honorable to keep land that
Americans lost their lives to obtain.
It is a violation of democratic principles to
annex land and not offer its people the
same rights as those of US citizens.
The Spanish-American War opens
imperialistic opportunities for the US
The Spanish American War
Causes:
 US wants to expand in Latin America and Pacific
 In Cuba and Philippines, people rebelled against
Spanish rule.
 Demands for involvement from American
expansionists and newspapers.
 Explosion sinks American battleship U.S.S.
Maine in Cuban harbor. Cause of explosion is
unknown, but angry Americans blame Spain.
Effects
 US defeats Spain in less than
four months
 Treaty of Paris of 1898 gave the
US control of many former
Spanish territories.
 Spain recognizes Cuba’s
independence, US begins to
control Cuban politics and
economy.
 Puerto Rico, Philippines, and Guam
become US territories.
 US is recognized as a world
power
The Growth of the American Empire
1898-1917
1898
Hawaii
Annexation after
1893 revolution
1898
Gained from Spain
after the war
1899
Puerto Rico
Guam
Philippines
Samoa
1899
Wake Island
Annexation
1903
Panama Canal Zone
Treaty Panama with
after encouraging
revolution against
Columbia .
1917
The Virgin Islands
Purchased from
Denmark
Treaty with Great
Britain
• Areas of Influence in
the Pacific and Asia:
– Open Door Policy in
China
– Annexation of Hawaii
– Taking the Philippines
– Guam, Midway and
Samoa
Areas of Influence in
Latin America
-Cuba
-Panama
-Venezuela
US Latin American Policy
MONROE DOCTRINE:
• established in 1823
• warned foreign powers to stay out of the
Western Hemisphere.
• Used to support US annexation of Texas and the
Mexican American War
ROOSEVELT COROLLARY
• addition to the Monroe Doctrine
• Made by President Teddy Roosevelt
• 1904
• Roosevelt said if a nation in the Western
Hemisphere was guilty of consistently behaving
wrongly, the Monroe Doctrine required that the
US step in and act “as an international police
power.”
The “Big Stick” Policy
• established by Teddy Roosevelt who said the US
should “Walk softly and carry a big stick”
meaning the US would use peaceful methods to
protect its interests whenever possible but
could resort to military force.
• Used in Nicaragua, Haiti, and the Dominican
Republic
US Latin American Policy
Dollar Diplomacy
• established by President Howard Taft
• Encouraged the US to maintain orderly
societies in foreign nations by increasing
American investment.
Moral Diplomacy
• established by President Woodrow Wilson
• moral diplomacy meant conducting foreign
affairs in terms of right and wrong—he
would only support nations that represented
American democratic ideas.
The Good Neighbor Policy
• established by President Franklin D.
Roosevelt
• This meant less emphasis on intervention
and more on cooperation
• American economic dominance of the region
continued
US
IMPERIALISM
Alaska was purchased from Russia 1867.
Called “Seward’s Folly” but found to have
tremendous natural resources.
US gained
influence in China
through the Open
Door Policy in
1899.
Ja Japan
Commodore Matthew
Perry Opened Trade with
Japan in the 1854
US gained influence in
Cuba after the Spanish
American War and
passing the Platt
Amendment in 1901.
US Annexed
Hawaii in 1898
Philippines
Hawaii
US helped the Philippines
gain independence from
Spain in 1902 then took them
over despite objections from
the Filipino people.
Cuba
TO SUM IT ALL UP!
The US expanded its interaction with other nations as a result of the Industrial Revolution. The US was
looking for new markets to sell manufactured goods. Connecting with foreign nations took many different
approaches. The underlined word describes how the US intervened in these countries.
1854—US opened up trade with Japan with a trade agreement
1867—US Purchased Alaska
1898—US Annexed Hawaii
1899—US Encouraged China to agree to an Open Door Policy.
1901—US took political control of Cuba
1902—US took over Philippines