Transcript Study Guide for Midterm Exam

Study Guide for Midterm Exam
World Geography
Define Famine
Extreme scarcity of food
 As in the Great Irish Potato Famine

What is the Colombian Exchange?

An exchange of food, plants, animals and
disease from the Old World (Europe) to
the New World (Americas).
Where did the California gold strike
occur?
At Sutter’s Mill
 Established the city of San Francisco
 Population established allowed California
to become a state.
 Called 49ers.

Low standard of living occurs
When you have a short life expectancy
 Infant mortality (death) rates are high per
thousand.
 Average income is low

What is Arid?
Dry
 Humans, plants and animals must adapt to
life with little water.

How are arches created?

When bedrock is more resistant to
weathering and erosion than the
surrounding area.
Latitude and Elevation
Can have a similar effect.
 Can create an ice-capped mountain even
when it is on the equator.
 Ex. , Mt. Kilimanjaro

What is the Coriolis Effect?
The Coriolis Effect contributes to the
circular motion of the wind around
pressure systems which move weather
patterns.
 It is because the earth spins on its axis.
 Contributes to tornados and hurricanes.

Central America’s Rainforests
Are decreasing.
 Costa Rica is trying to preserve their
rainforests through eco-tourism.

Inca Indians of South America
Lived in the Andes Mountains.
 Farmed using terraces
 Did not have a written language.

European Union
An economic agreement between
Western European Nations.
 The Euro is their currency.
 Passports are not needed between
member nations.

Jet Stream Patterns of North America.

Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow air
currents found in the atmosphere.
Green Revolution

The use of scientific farming methods and
improved varieties of seeds to increase
agricultural output.
Facebook and Twitter
Social media
 Allows people to connect through
common interests.
 Can cause revolutions, new ideas, etc.

How can you grow plants in an arid
land?
By irrigation
 Water is either hauled in or
 Wells are dug

What are polders?
Found in the Netherlands
 They are dikes that hold back the sea
 They reclaim land from the sea

Define: diffusion

The movement of goods and ideas from
one culture to another
How did the U.S. benefit from the
immigration of German Jews before WW II
Scientists who were Jewish escaped Nazi
Germany
 They brought knowledge of atomic
weapons

Define suffrage
The right to vote
 Women have had to fight to get the right
to vote in most all countries.

South American
Has two main European languages
 Spanish and Portuguese

Democracy
First practiced in ancient Greece
 In Athens
 Leader is Pericles
 Model for modern democracies.

Culture
A set of common customs, institutions
and beliefs of a people
 This can include religion, language,
traditions…

Karl Marx
A German Jew
 Created the idea of communism
 Class struggle and revolutionary change
 Workers should own the means of
production.
 No private property!

Totalitarian
Government control of everything
 No freedom
 A dictatorship

Overfishing
Has depleted the oceans’ fish populations.
 Some people believe that governments
should regulate fishing

Suez and Panama canals
Trade paths that have cut land between
two bodies of water.
 Shorten trade routes
 Save money, miles & time.

NAFTA
North America Free Trade Agreement
 Caused some American companies to
move their factories to Mexico
 Caused Americans to lose jobs
 An agreement between Canada, U.S. and
Mexico
 Bill signed by Pres. Clinton

Subsistence farming
Producing just enough food for a family’s
survival
 Do not produce enough to sell for profit
(money)

Market Economy
Free market
 Prices are determined by supply and
demand
 Usually the economic system of
democracies

Taiga biome
Found in Canada, Russia and Europe
 It is a forest region biome
 Determined by climate
 The word is Russian

Russia
Russia is on two continents and is mostly
cold.
 Warm water ports are important for
shipping goods and supplies to a country.

Disease

In today’s globalization disease can spread
rapidly due to increased travel between
continents.
Inca, Maya, & Aztec Indians
Are Latin American natives
 Used advanced technology to build
complex structures.

Four Economic Sectors
The primary sector of the economy extracts
or harvests products from the earth.
 The secondary sector of the economy
manufactures finished goods.
 The tertiary sector of the economy is the
service industry. Advertizing, etc…
 The quaternary sector of the economy
consists of intellectual activities: government,
culture, libraries, scientific research,
education, and information technology.
