Transcript Photoshop: Creative Uses
Introduction to MS Access
Instructor: Vicki Weidler Assistants: Chris Lucas and Fengfeng Ke
Unit 1: Database Concepts
Overview
• Become familiar with MS Access database terminology • Learn how to start MS Access, open a database & navigate the software interface • Understand database objects & their corresponding functions • Use standard design principles to plan a database • Explore relationships between tables • Use Help options to find information on MS Access topics • Learn how to close a database & MS Access
Databases
• What is a database?
• When do you use a database?
• 3 main types of databases
Flat file
Relational
Object-oriented
Microsoft Access
A relational database management program that allows you to store, organize, and retrieve information in an effective manner.
Planning a Database
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • What is the purpose of the database? What do you need it to do?
Who will use it?
How many will use it? When will they use it? (i.e. one at a time, simultaneously) How will they use it? (i.e. desktop, server, web-interface) Who will create it?
Who will maintain & modify it?
Who will do data entry?
Do you need to build in security measures?
Who will provide technical support for it?
What types of information need to go in it?
How will this be organized into tables?
How will these tables relate to one another?
What types of queries will you need to create?
Will you need to create any forms? How many? What kind?
Will you need to create any reports? How many? What kind?
Will you need to create any pages? How many? What kind?
Common Mistakes to Avoid
• Don’t assume every problem can be solved with a database • Don’t leave too long between reviews • Don’t spend too much time on the prototype • Don’t develop the database until you fully understand what you need it to do • Don’t develop the database until it is clear where all responsibilities lie • Don’t aid for 100% functionality first time around; use 80-20% rule • Involve all users in the database planning, design & testing • Has anyone else solved the problem? Don’t reinvent the wheel • Plan on an iterative development process • Use consistent database standards and naming conventions • Use consistent, universal coding • Use consistent viewing standards • Keep sufficient documentation; build into the database when possible • Tech support, tech support, tech support………..
Database Development Life-Cycle Database Design Database Production Database Prototype Database Testing Database Development
Summary
• Become familiar with MS Access database terminology • Learn how to start MS Access, open a database & navigate the software interface • Understand database objects & their corresponding functions • Use standard design principles to plan a database • Explore relationships between tables • Use Help options to find information on MS Access topics • Learn how to close a database & MS Access
Independent Practice Activity
• Question #2: 3 types (tables, queries, reports) • Question #3: 5 fields and 10 records • Question #5: Database, Table, Data Value • Question #6: Table, Query, Report
Unit 2: Access Basics
Overview
• Explore the viewing options for MS Access tables, forms, queries & reports • Learn how to navigate in a table and a form • Learn how to run a query
Views in MS Access
• Design View - displays the structure of a table, query, form or report • Datasheet View – displays data in a tabular format containing rows & columns in tables, queries & forms; view & edit • PivotTable View – spreadsheet-like table used to analyze data dynamically in different ways in tables, queries & forms • PivotChart View – presents data in a chart form in tables, queries & forms • SQL View – allows you to create queries using SQL statements • Form View – allows you to view and edit data in a form • Layout Preview – allows you to check a report’s design; shows design elements & just enough records to verify the design is correct • Print Preview – allows you to view a report including moving around a single page, multiple pages, look at several pages at once & change magnification to view details
Using Queries to Retrieve Data Define the following: • The conditions that you want the data to meet • The fields that you want to see in the query result • The tables from which you’ll extract the fields • The means of extracting data
Summary
• Explore the viewing options for MS Access tables, forms, queries & reports • Learn how to navigate in a table and a form • Learn how to run a query
Independent Practice Activity
• Datasheet View-shows data is a tabular format • Design View-gives control over table structure • Navigation Button-buttons at bottom of datasheet view used to move through records • Record Selector-small box to left of each record in a table that you can click to select a record
Unit 3: Creating Databases
Overview
• Learn how to create & save a database • Use the Table Wizard to create a table & set a primary key • Use Design view to create tables & enter records
Naming Rules
A database, object or field name: • Can have any combination of letters, numbers, special characters, & embedded spaces • Cannot contain more than 64 characters & cannot start with a space • Cannot incluce a period (.), exclamation mark (!), an accent grace (‘), or brackets ([ ]) CAUTION: Good practice to use underscores (_) instead of embedded spaces because it is easier to refer to an object name & avoid potential issues
Practice
• Inventory_ _ Control • Yes, although one underscore is the accepted standard • .Access.Database 1 • No, because the name contains periods & spaces should be avoided • finanCIAL$Transaction • Yes, although try to use names that are as simple & descriptive as possible • Contact [Client] Address • No, because the name contains brackets & spaces should be avoided • SalesPerson3 • Yes, it is fine to run words together & use different cases
Summary
• Learn how to create & save a database • Use the Table Wizard to create a table & set a primary key • Use Design view to create tables & enter records
Independent Practice Activity
Unit 4: Working with Fields & Records
Overview
• Learn how to modify a table’s design by editing fields & setting field properties • Learn how to add & delete records • Use the Find feature to find & replace records • Use the Spell Checker to correct mistakes in a table • Learn how to sort & filter records
Effective Field Names
• Meaningful • Descriptive • Self-Explanatory • Purposeful • Understandable • Readable • Consistent
Text Formatting Characters @ < > & at least one letter or space must be entered in the field the letters entered in the field will be converted to lowercase letters the letters entered in the field will be converted to uppercase letters letters cannot be entered in the field
Sorting & Filtering
Sorting Organize field data values in a particular sequence (i.e. ascending, descending) Filtering Temporarily isolate a subset of records to analyze
Sorting Multiple Fields • Fields must be adjacent to each other in Datasheet view • Sorts from left to right
Summary
• Learn how to modify a table’s design by editing fields & setting field properties • Learn how to add & delete records • Use the Find feature to find & replace records • Use the Spell Checker to correct mistakes in a table • Learn how to sort & filter records
Independent Practice Activity
Unit 5: Querying Tables
Overview
• Learn how to create, run, print, and save queries • Use queries to sort data and filter query results • Learn how to modify query results • Understand how to modify queries by adding/ removing fields and by using comparison operators • Learn how to use AND and OR conditions • Learn how to find records with empty fields • Perform calculations in queries by using expressions and aggregate functions
> < = <= >= <>
Comparison Operators
Greater than Less than Equal to Less than or equal to Greater than or equal to Not equal to
OR Conditions
Used to specify two conditions in the criteria Example: Unit_price is greater than 2 OR Qty_Available is equal to 700
AND Conditions
Used to show only the records that satisfy all the specified conditions Example: Unit_price is greater than 1.4 AND less than 1.9
Wildcard Operators
Used to locate text values when you can’t remember the exact text or word; placeholder ?
* Used to substitute for a single character Used to substitute for any number of characters
Empty Fields
• • • Unknown (empty) values in fields are referred to as null values Null values cannot be used in primary key fields or in calculations Can display or remove avoid/prevent problems null values to
Calculations in Queries
• When calculations are built into queries (and not stored in the source tables) it ensures the most up-to-date information • Calculations are performed each time the query is run • Perform calculations on single records or on a group of records • Examples: Totals, Averages, Counts
Summary
• Learn how to create, run, print, and save queries • Use queries to sort data and filter query results • Learn how to modify query results • Understand how to modify queries by adding/ removing fields and by using comparison operators • Learn how to use AND and OR conditions • Learn how to find records with empty fields • Perform calculations in queries by using expressions and aggregate functions
Independent Practice Activity
Unit 6: Creating & Using Forms
Overview
• Use the AutoForm feature to create forms • Use the Form Wizard to create forms • Understand how to modify forms in Design view • Use forms to find, sort, and filter records
Summary
• Use the AutoForm feature to create forms • Use the Form Wizard to create forms • Understand how to modify forms in Design view • Use forms to find, sort, and filter records
Independent Practice Activity
Unit 7: Creating & Using Reports
Overview
• Use the Report Wizard to create reports • Learn how to group records in a report • Learn how to summarize information in a report • Understand how to change the report layout • Learn how to print a report
Summary
• Use the Report Wizard to create reports • Learn how to group records in a report • Learn how to summarize information in a report • Understand how to change the report layout • Learn how to print a report
Independent Practice Activity
Unit 8: Importing, Exporting, & Linking Objects
Overview
• Learn how to import MS Access objects from a different database • Learn how to export objects to a different database • Understand how to export and import XML documents • Understand how to link objects from one database to another & update those links
Definitions
• Importing - data is copied from an external source & pasted into the currently active Access database • Exporting - data is copied from the currently active Access database & pasted into an external source • Linking - a table that’s not stored in the currently active Access database, but which you can manipulate as though it were a native table
Exporting Access Objects
• Definition - design or structure of the object • Data - information stored within the object
Exporting & Importing XML Documents
XML (Extensible Markup Language) is a format that enables you to deliver structured data between different applications that run on different operating systems in a standardized & consistent manner. Most commonly used on the WWW to describe data, but also used to transfer data between applications more easily.
Exporting & Importing XML Documents
• Schema – exports only the structure of the object; creates a document with .xsd extension • Data – exports both structure and data; creates a document with .xml extension • Presentation – defines the presentation of an XML document; creates a document with .xsl extension
Linked Table Manager
The Linked Table Manager tests for the existence of linked .mdb or other types of files and, if the links aren’t valid, lets you change the path to the linked files. The database must be open to use this utility.
Summary
• Learn how to import MS Access objects from a different database • Learn how to export objects to a different database • Understand how to export and import XML documents • Understand how to link objects from one database to another and update those links