Transcript Cornell Style Forms of Energy

Forms of Energy
6 TH
MRS. REESE
GRADE SCIENCE
What is energy used for in our everyday lives?
 Energy is one of the most fundamental
parts of our universe.
 We use energy to do work. Energy lights
our cities. Energy powers our vehicles,
trains, planes and rockets. Energy warms
our homes, cooks our food, plays our
music, gives us pictures on television.
Energy powers machinery in factories and
tractors on a farm.
What is energy used for in our everyday lives?
 Energy from the sun gives us light during the day.
It dries our clothes when they're hanging outside
on a clothes line. It helps plants grow. Energy
stored in plants is eaten by animals, giving them
energy. And predator animals eat their prey, which
gives the predator animal energy.
 Everything we do is connected to energy in one
form or another.
Is there more than one form of energy?
 Kinetic Energy: energy of
 Potential Energy: stored
motion.
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energy or position.
Mechanical Kinetic
Electrical
Sound
Radiant (EM)
Thermal
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Gravitational
Mechanical Potential
Nuclear
Chemical
Elastic
Mechanical (KE or PE)
 Mechanical (KE) is machines with moving parts.
 Examples: Wind-up toys, grandfather clocks, and
pogo sticks, windmills are all examples machines
displaying mechanical energy.
Radiant (KE)
 Radiant energy is also called electromagnetic
energy. Radiant energy (EM) is the movement of
photons that travel in the form of waves.
 Examples of radiant energy include radio waves
(AM, FM, TV), microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet,
visible light, X-rays, gamma rays, SUN rays, etc.
Radiant (EM)
Electrical (KE)
 Electrical energy is the movement of electrons in
matter to create electricity.
 Electrons are found on the energy levels of an atom
and they have a negative charge.
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Thermal (KE)
 Thermal energy -the vibration and movement of
atoms and molecules within substance.
 Thermal energy is related to temperature. Boiling
water, burning wood, and rubbing your hands
together really fast are all examples of heat energy.
Sound (KE)
 Sound energy is the movement molecules in the air
that produces vibrations.
 Examples: Alarms, music, speech, ultrasound
medical equipment all use sound energy.
Mechanical PE)
 Mechanical (PE) is machines with moving parts that
are NOT moving.
 Examples: Wind-up toys, grandfather clocks, and
pogo sticks, windmills are all examples machines
displaying mechanical energy.
Potential Energy
 Potential energy is stored energy.
 Gravitational Potential Energy is due to the
position of an object.
 Elastic potential energy is found in objects
that can be compressed or stretched.
Chemical (PE)
 Chemical PE energy is the energy stored in the bonds
of atoms and molecules.
 Fossil fuels and biomass store chemical energy.
Products that contain chemical energy include: TNT,
baking soda, and a match. Biomass, petroleum,
natural gas, propane and coal are examples of stored
chemical energy.
Nuclear (PE)
 Nuclear energy is the energy stored in the nucleus of an
atom.
 An atom's nucleus can be split apart (nuclear fission).
When this is done, a tremendous amount of energy is
released. Nuclear power plants use nuclear energy to make
electricity.
 Another form of nuclear energy is called fusion. Fusion
means joining smaller nuclei to make a larger nucleus. The
sun uses nuclear fusion of hydrogen atoms into helium
atoms. This gives off heat and light and other radiation.
Nuclear Energy (Nucleus of Atom)
electron
neutron
proton
Nuclear Energy Examples
 Nuclear fusion that occurs in the center of the sun.
 Nuclear power plants using uranium
 Nuclear submarines
 Atomic bombs
What is an energy transformation?
 Energy transformations occur when one form of
energy is changed into another form of energy. This
is also known as energy conversion.
 REMEMBER, ENERGY CANNOT BE CREATED OR
DESTROYED! This is known as the LAW OF
CONSERVATION OF ENERGY.
QUIZ TIME!
What type of energy cooks
food in a microwave oven?
Electrical to
ELECTROMAGNETIC
ENERGY
What type of energy is the
spinning plate inside of a
microwave oven?
MECHANICAL ENERGY
QUIZ TIME!
Electrical energy is transported to
your house through power lines.
When you plug an electric fan to a
power outlet, electrical energy is
transform into what type of
energy?
MECHANICAL ENERGY
QUIZ TIME!
What energy transformation
occurs when an electric lamp
is turned on?
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ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY
What types of energy are shown below?
Chemical to Kinetic and Thermal Energy
(Don’t forget friction)
What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy
What types of energy are shown below?
Electrical to
Electromagnetic and Sound
What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy (yummy)
What type of energy is shown below?
Electrical to Thermal
Examples:
 Stored energy (chemical) in a flashlight's batteries
becomes light energy when the flashlight is turned on.
 Food is stored energy. It is stored as a chemical with
potential energy. When your body uses that stored
energy to do work, it becomes kinetic energy. If you
overeat, the energy in food is not "burned" but is stored
as potential energy in fat cells.
 A car uses stored chemical energy in gasoline to move.
The engine changes the chemical energy into heat and
kinetic energy/mechanical energy to power the car.
Examples:
 A toaster changes electrical energy into heat and
light energy. (If you look into the toaster, you'll see
the glowing wires.)
 A television changes electrical energy into light and
sound energy.
 Electric water heater is electrical energy transforms
into thermal energy causing the water to become
hotter.
 Gas water heater, natural gas (fuel) changes chemical
energy into thermal energy and heats the water.