Transcript Document

Information technology
Choi yiu Kuen
1
2015/7/20
Lecturers and Tutors
Weeks 1 – 4, Choi yiu kuen,
[email protected], ext-27888639
 Weeks 5 – 7, Bryan Cheung
[email protected], 27888115
 Textbook using Information Technology by
Williams and Sawyer, fifth edition, ISBN 007-115105-2

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Assessment
 Continuous
Assessment
 Laboratory practise (20%)
 Assignment – hardcopy submission
and presentation (25%)
 Time-constraint examination
 Questions (50%)
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Teaching Schedule
Week
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Outline
Chapters 1 and 2 p.1 – 65
Chapters 2 and 3, pp.67 – 130
Chapters 4 and 5, pp 131 – 198
Chapters 5 and 6, pp199-265
Chapter 7, pp 265 – 316
Chapters 8 and 9, pp317 – 383
Chapters 9, 10, 11, pp383 – 450
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Using Information Technology
Chapter 1 – Page 1 - 23
Introduction to Information Technology
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Introduction to Information Technology
Mind Tools for Your Future
1.1 Infotech Becomes Commonplace:
Cellphones, E-Mail, the Internet, & the EWorld
1.2 The “All-Purpose Machine”: The Varieties
of Computers
1.3 Understanding Your Computer: What If
You Custom-Ordered Your Own PC?
1.4 Where is Information Technology Headed?
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“Say goodbye to the personal computing era. Just on the horizon is
the era that comes next--the personal information era.”
--Kevin Maney, Technology Journalist
Pervasive
computing trends:

Information overload

Less use of our brains for memorizing

A surge in multi-tasking activity
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1.1 Infotech Becomes Commonplace:
Cellphones, E-Mail, the Internet, & the EWorld
Information
technology (“infotech”):
Computers
- programmable multiuse machines
that convert data into information
Communications
- electromagnetic devices and
systems for communicating over long distances
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The Telephone Grows Up
Approximately
1 billion
people using cellphones
Internet
phones are
cell phones plus:
Email
Web
services
Video
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“You’ve Got Mail!” E-Mail’s Mass Impact
E-mail
(“electronic
mail”) messages transmitted
over a network
Network
communications system
connecting two or more
computers
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The Internet, the World Wide Web, & the
“Plumbing of Cyberspace”
Cyberspace
encompasses the whole
wired and wireless world
of communications:
The
Internet - the
“mother of all networks”
The
World Wide Web multimedia part of Net
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The E-World & Welcome to It

E-business

E-commerce

E-government

E-learning

E-pinions

E-tailing
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1.2 The “All-Purpose Machine”: The Varieties of
Computers
All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
IBM ASCI White
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
VP2400 mainframe
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
Sun Microsystems workstation
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
Sony tower PC
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
Picture of desktop
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
Laptop computer
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
Personal Digital Assistant
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
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Servers and clients
Server
– it is a central computer that holds
collections of data & programs for clients
Clients
- PCs, workstations, & other devices
Server
+ Clients linked together = Client/Server
network
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1.3 Understanding Your Computer: What
If You Custom-Ordered Your Own PC?
How Computers Work - Concept #1
The purpose of a computer is to process data
Data is defined as:
Information is defined
into information.
as:
The
raw facts and
figures that are
processed into
information
Data
that has been
summarized or
otherwise manipulated
for use in decision
making
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How Computers Work - Concept #2
Computers consist of hardware and software.
Hardware
lAll
is:
the machinery and
equipment in a
computer system, You
could physically see
and touch,
Software
is:
All
the instructions
that tell the computer
how to perform a task,
you could not physically
see and touch.
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same five basic
operations.
1.
Input – keyboard & mouse
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Keyboard
Mouse
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Case or system cabinet
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Processor chip, CPU
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communication
Memory chips, 64M, 128M and 256M
s
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Motherboard
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Primary
storage (memory)
Computer circuitry that
temporarily holds data
waiting to be processed
Secondary storage
(storage)
The area in the computer
where data or information is
held permanently
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
2.
3.
Input
Processing
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Byte
- 1 character of data
Kilobyte
- 1000 characters
Megabyte
characters
- 1,000,000
Gigabyte
- 1 billion
Terabyte
- 1 trillion
characters
characters
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
Floppy disk
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Zip disk
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Hard-disk drive
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Sound card
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Speakers
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Video card
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Monitor
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Printer
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Modem
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Put all the hardware together and…
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You still need the software!
System
software
Helps
the computer
perform essential
operating tasks and
enables the application
software to run, such as
Windows XP, 2000 and
98, Linux
and…
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You still need the software!
Application
software
Enables
you to
perform specific tasks-solve problems, perform
work, or entertain
yourself such as word,
excel, powerpoint,
photoshop
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1.4 Where Is Information Technology
Headed?
Three Directions of Computer Development
Miniaturization
smaller
Speed
faster
Affordability
cheaper
Then (1946)
Now
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Three Directions of Communications Development
Connectivity
–connects to
other machines
Interactivity
– two-way
communication, a user can
respond to information
Multimedia
– supports text,
graphics, video and sound
Auto PC
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When Computers & Communications Combine:
Convergence, Portability, & Personalization
Convergence – means
combining industries through
various devices that exchange
data in the format used by
electronics, entertainment and
mass media.
Portability – it is so tiny
that you could carry
Personalization –
creation of information tailored to
individual
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“E” Also Stands for Ethics
Speed
and scale – huge
information can be stored
and retrieved.
Unpredictability
–
compared to others, such
as electricity, it is less
predictable
Complexity
– computer
systems are complex
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Summary





Data and Information
Hardware and Software
Computer Scale: supercomputer, mainframe,
minicomputer, microcomputer, microcontroller
Microcomputer: Input, Output, CPU, memory,
hard disk
Software: Operation software (Windows XP) and
application software (Word)
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