Transcript Document
Information technology
Choi yiu Kuen
1
2015/7/20
Lecturers and Tutors
Weeks 1 – 4, Choi yiu kuen,
[email protected], ext-27888639
Weeks 5 – 7, Bryan Cheung
[email protected], 27888115
Textbook using Information Technology by
Williams and Sawyer, fifth edition, ISBN 007-115105-2
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Assessment
Continuous
Assessment
Laboratory practise (20%)
Assignment – hardcopy submission
and presentation (25%)
Time-constraint examination
Questions (50%)
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Teaching Schedule
Week
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Outline
Chapters 1 and 2 p.1 – 65
Chapters 2 and 3, pp.67 – 130
Chapters 4 and 5, pp 131 – 198
Chapters 5 and 6, pp199-265
Chapter 7, pp 265 – 316
Chapters 8 and 9, pp317 – 383
Chapters 9, 10, 11, pp383 – 450
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Using Information Technology
Chapter 1 – Page 1 - 23
Introduction to Information Technology
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Introduction to Information Technology
Mind Tools for Your Future
1.1 Infotech Becomes Commonplace:
Cellphones, E-Mail, the Internet, & the EWorld
1.2 The “All-Purpose Machine”: The Varieties
of Computers
1.3 Understanding Your Computer: What If
You Custom-Ordered Your Own PC?
1.4 Where is Information Technology Headed?
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“Say goodbye to the personal computing era. Just on the horizon is
the era that comes next--the personal information era.”
--Kevin Maney, Technology Journalist
Pervasive
computing trends:
Information overload
Less use of our brains for memorizing
A surge in multi-tasking activity
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1.1 Infotech Becomes Commonplace:
Cellphones, E-Mail, the Internet, & the EWorld
Information
technology (“infotech”):
Computers
- programmable multiuse machines
that convert data into information
Communications
- electromagnetic devices and
systems for communicating over long distances
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The Telephone Grows Up
Approximately
1 billion
people using cellphones
Internet
phones are
cell phones plus:
Email
Web
services
Video
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“You’ve Got Mail!” E-Mail’s Mass Impact
E-mail
(“electronic
mail”) messages transmitted
over a network
Network
communications system
connecting two or more
computers
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The Internet, the World Wide Web, & the
“Plumbing of Cyberspace”
Cyberspace
encompasses the whole
wired and wireless world
of communications:
The
Internet - the
“mother of all networks”
The
World Wide Web multimedia part of Net
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The E-World & Welcome to It
E-business
E-commerce
E-government
E-learning
E-pinions
E-tailing
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1.2 The “All-Purpose Machine”: The Varieties of
Computers
All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
IBM ASCI White
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
VP2400 mainframe
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
Sun Microsystems workstation
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
Sony tower PC
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
Picture of desktop
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
Laptop computer
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
Personal Digital Assistant
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All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of
Machines
l
Supercomputers
1. Mainframes
2. Workstations
3. Microcomputers
4. Microcontrollers
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Servers and clients
Server
– it is a central computer that holds
collections of data & programs for clients
Clients
- PCs, workstations, & other devices
Server
+ Clients linked together = Client/Server
network
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1.3 Understanding Your Computer: What
If You Custom-Ordered Your Own PC?
How Computers Work - Concept #1
The purpose of a computer is to process data
Data is defined as:
Information is defined
into information.
as:
The
raw facts and
figures that are
processed into
information
Data
that has been
summarized or
otherwise manipulated
for use in decision
making
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How Computers Work - Concept #2
Computers consist of hardware and software.
Hardware
lAll
is:
the machinery and
equipment in a
computer system, You
could physically see
and touch,
Software
is:
All
the instructions
that tell the computer
how to perform a task,
you could not physically
see and touch.
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same five basic
operations.
1.
Input – keyboard & mouse
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Keyboard
Mouse
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Case or system cabinet
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Processor chip, CPU
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communication
Memory chips, 64M, 128M and 256M
s
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Motherboard
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Primary
storage (memory)
Computer circuitry that
temporarily holds data
waiting to be processed
Secondary storage
(storage)
The area in the computer
where data or information is
held permanently
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
2.
3.
Input
Processing
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Byte
- 1 character of data
Kilobyte
- 1000 characters
Megabyte
characters
- 1,000,000
Gigabyte
- 1 billion
Terabyte
- 1 trillion
characters
characters
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
Floppy disk
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Zip disk
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Hard-disk drive
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Sound card
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Speakers
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Video card
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Monitor
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Printer
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How Computers Work - Concept #3
All computers follow the same four basic
operations
1.
Input
2.
Processing
3.
Storage
4.
Output
5.
Communications
Modem
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Put all the hardware together and…
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You still need the software!
System
software
Helps
the computer
perform essential
operating tasks and
enables the application
software to run, such as
Windows XP, 2000 and
98, Linux
and…
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You still need the software!
Application
software
Enables
you to
perform specific tasks-solve problems, perform
work, or entertain
yourself such as word,
excel, powerpoint,
photoshop
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1.4 Where Is Information Technology
Headed?
Three Directions of Computer Development
Miniaturization
smaller
Speed
faster
Affordability
cheaper
Then (1946)
Now
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Three Directions of Communications Development
Connectivity
–connects to
other machines
Interactivity
– two-way
communication, a user can
respond to information
Multimedia
– supports text,
graphics, video and sound
Auto PC
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When Computers & Communications Combine:
Convergence, Portability, & Personalization
Convergence – means
combining industries through
various devices that exchange
data in the format used by
electronics, entertainment and
mass media.
Portability – it is so tiny
that you could carry
Personalization –
creation of information tailored to
individual
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“E” Also Stands for Ethics
Speed
and scale – huge
information can be stored
and retrieved.
Unpredictability
–
compared to others, such
as electricity, it is less
predictable
Complexity
– computer
systems are complex
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Summary
Data and Information
Hardware and Software
Computer Scale: supercomputer, mainframe,
minicomputer, microcomputer, microcontroller
Microcomputer: Input, Output, CPU, memory,
hard disk
Software: Operation software (Windows XP) and
application software (Word)
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