Transcript Telecom Sector

TeNeT Group at IIT Madras
Driving Innovation in India
towards emerging Market
Ashok jhunjhunwala
TeNeT Group, IIT Madras,
[email protected]
India with a billion people is a large market, but
60% of Urban households can spend less than Rs 200 / month on Telecom
Number of HH in millions
25
Monthly telecom expenditure (assuming 4% income can be spent on telecom)
160
360
520
720
1000
1680
2600 7000
21.2
65 million Urban homes
20
15.8
15
12.8
10
5.8
3.2
5
2
0.8
0.9
65
175
0
5
9
13
18
26
42
HH Incom e in thousand Rs/m onth
India needs Telecom CAPEX to go down to Rs10000 per line
2
requires disruptive technologies
TeNeT Group at IITM took up the
challenge
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Incubated/ supported a dozen plus product companies and
worked with operators to drive down CAPEX
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Banyan Networks
Tejas Networks
Chennai Kavigal
NeuroSynaptic
Nextge
Indus technolgies
Capex per line down from Rs 30000 per line three years ago to
Rs 17000 per line
–
–
3
Midas Communications
NMSWorks
Nilgiri Networks
OOPS
Jataayu
Benchmark Systems
Usha Communications
Telecom is booming in India
India will add 150 million lines in the next 7 years as CAPEX is driven
below Rs 10000
IITM - Midas
corDECT Wireless in Local Loop

To PSTN
35/70 kbps Internet plus
simultaneous telephone
• Rs8000 per line price
•2 million lines in 03-04
To Internet
Fiber ring
Fibre in the Loop
Last meters on copper
.
Video Server
Fiber To The Building (FTTB)
IITM-Banyan
DIAS (DSL on copper)

PSTN
Internet
V5.2
IP

IAN
HDSU
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5
Always ON Internet connection on not-so-good-quality
existing copper lines
already deployed in 30 cities
IITM - nLogue
Connecting Rural Areas
Vision
Connect (voice and Internet)
Rural
Areas
and
Small
Towns all over India

Rs 50000 per Kiosk providing telephone, Internet with multimedia PC, Camera, printer, power back-up, training and support
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6
plus Indian language and video-conferencing software
Vision to Double Rural per capita GDP over the next 10 years
Multi-lingual Office Package
IITM Chennai Kavigal
IITM-NMSWorks
Network Management System

A must with distributed deployment of
Intelligent nodes
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Convergence of Telecom and Internet
management
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Manage traffic, subscribers, subscriber
equipment and network health from
management centers
Tejas Networks
Next-Generation SDH Transport

cost-effective transport network for
voice as well as Internet traffic
preferably on Ethernet
–
Advanced software for easy
management of networks and
providing bandwidth-on-demand
–
Advanced software features such as
auto-discovery and point-and-click
provisioning
NeuroSynaptic
IITM - OOPS
Video Conferencing on Internet
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Low bit-rate multi-party Video
Conferencing (audio + video + chat at 20 kbps
onwards)
–
–
On-line lecturing at low bit-rates
Video Mail
Tele-diagnostic kit for Rural kiosk

Low cost diagnostic kit with basic
physiological and bio-chemistry
measurements
–
Measures Physiological Signals
(Stethoscope, Blood Pressure,
Temperature, ECG)

provides software for quality
image sharing for skin, throat
and eyes and provides routine
urine and blood tests)
Softswitch Technology
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Full suite of 100% J2EE powered,
Communications Convergence
Infrastructure
Packet-Switching technology in Carrier
Grade & Enterprise Grade
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H.323 Stack and H.323 Gatekeeper
SIP Stack and SIP Proxy
Enabling wireless Internet
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SMS, MMS, WAP, SYNC
and IM
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handset software
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WAP2 browser, MMS client,
Sync client, IM Client, IOTA
client
Gateways on infrastructure
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SIM Platform, IM Server, OTA
provisioning server
Usha Communications
IITM-Nilgiri Networks
Customer Care & Billing
Rural communications software
developed in a rural setting
BlueBill: real-time billing for voice,
Internet and applications
Minnow: ISP Data Centre on redundant
Linux/PCs
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Unicorn
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Medusa
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The Mediation Suite
e-Merchant
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The Customer Care & Billing Suite
The Mobile Commerce Suite
Interconnect Billing
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The Settlement Suite
IITM - Indus Technologies
IITM - Benchmark
Educational Kits
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OFT : Optical Fibre Trainer
LAN-T : Local Area Network Trainer
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IP D
Tx N ode1 Tx N ode 2 Tx N ode 3 Tx N ode 4 G - O ffered XLoad
- Throughput
3264
35
35
34
35
0.139
0.139
816
102
103
102
102
0.427
0.409
544
129
130
131
126
0.586
0.516
408
135
154
133
151
0.715
0.573
272
143
158
130
165
0.906
0.596
163
135
161
114
156
1.128
0.566
O ffe re d L o a d V s T h ro u g h p u t
0.7
0.6
T h ro u g h p u t (X )
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Machine Vision Products
0.5
0.4
X - Throughput
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
0.5
1
O ffe re d L o a d (G )
1.5
Indus IC Mark Inspection
Indus SOIC Inspection
Indus Bond Pad Digitizer
Indus OCR Reader
Indus Graphics LED Inspection
The Third Tier
Rural Indian households can afford even less
Number of HH in millions
120
Monthly telecom expenditure (assuming 4% income can be spent on telecom)
120
360
520
720
1040
1680
2600
4480
102.1
135 million households
100
80
60
40
17
20
10
3.9
1.9
1
0.3
0.3
18
26
42
65
112
0
3
9
13
HH Incom e in thousand Rs/m onth
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13
75% households can spend barely Rs 120 per month on telecom
The Dream
Current Rural GDP in India
= Rs 650 Crore
For a Population
= 65 Crore people
GDP / Person
= Rs 10000
Rural Prosperity
Using ICT to
DOUBLING Rural GDP
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Rs 20000 / Person
Rural Micro-Enterprises are the
Wealth Creators
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Micro-enterprises need
–
Agriculture
Trade &
Commerce
–
–
Animal
Husbandry
–
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IT-Based
Services
Agricultural
Processing
Industry
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Finance
Knowledge and Training
Buying & Selling
Insurance
Can Communications Enable
these ?
How does one
connect Rural India
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India has 600,000+ villages
–
650 million people
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can Rural India afford Connections?
Need
–
–
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Technology
Sustainable Business Model
Organisation which can think and act Rural
n-Logue uses innovative Technology to
connect Rural India
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BSNL has fibre connectivity to most Talukas
–
CorDECT WLL developed at IITM
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provides a telephone line and Internet connection in 30 Km radius
can connect 85% of Indian villages
start-up costs very low

To
PSTN
To
Internet
35/70 kbps Internet plus
simultaneous telephone
• Rs 8000 per line price
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•1 million lines in 03-04
Aggregate Demand when affordability is low
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Entrepreneur-driven telephone booths (STD PCOs)
introduced in 1987
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Today
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night-time long distance charges reduced by a
factor of 4
950,000 STD PCOs covering every street of
smallest town
generate 25 % of total telecom income
300 million people use these PCOs
Organisations with
Innovative Business Models
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N-Logue : A Rural Service Provider
–
aggregate demand into a kiosk using
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Rs 50000 (including taxes) per Kiosk providing telephone, Internet, multimedia
PC with web-camera, printer and power back-up for PC
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set up by a village entrepreneur on the line of STD PCOs
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plus Indian language software, video conferencing software, training and maintenance
needs only Rs 3000 per month to break even
n-Logue Deployment Strategy
Telephone
Backbone
Application &
Content
Providers
Internet Backbone
Scope:
• 1 –3 Talukas
• 25 Km radius, 2000 sq km
• 4 – 500 K population
• 2 - 5 towns
• 300 -400 villages
500 + Connections (at least 1 in
each village)
ACCESS
CENTRE
Connections:
• Individuals
• Government
— schools and PHCs
• Kiosks
LSP
Banks
KIOSK
OPERATOR
$ 1000 / Kiosk
Banks
Micro Finance
Organisations
Word-processor in Indian Languages
Multi-lingual Office Package
IITM Chennai Kavigal
Video-conferencing from
OOPS/IITM
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Communicating with the Communications Minister
(Shri Thirunavakarasu)
The Agricultural Expert is no longer far away …
Before
In a Village in
Madurai, the
Lady’s Finger
(Okra) crop
was turning white
The problem was
sent to the
experts at the
Department of
Rural Extension,
Madurai
Agricultural
College and
Research Centre
who diagnosed it
as “Yellow
Mosaic disease”
After
Savings
Saving to farmer - Rs 1.5 Lakhs
Cost of Information - tens of
Rupees
The
Farmer’s
Field
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The Vet is On The Net …
•This goat had a wound
near its mouth and could
not eat for a week
• The advice from the
doctor cured its problem
in 2 days
Emergencies are no longer Calamities …
In the village of T
Pudupatti, all hens are
dying one by one. The
symptoms for these
hens are: First, their
weight reduces and
finally,
their
necks
shrink. At this stage
they die immediately.
Until now, 300 hens
have died in this way.
How do we stop this?
Please
give
us
a
solution immediately.
From A. Sakkarai"
… because Help is at Hand
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A visit from the
Government
Veterinary
Officials to
vaccinate all
hens
Epidemics can be prevented with a
Doctor on Call
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A potential epidemic of Chicken Pox was halted by a simple
email to the right people
Instant response from the Government Doctors
Ordinary People have a Voice …
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This is Veeramani - a man with
disabilities
His job was to operate the pump for
the Village Overhead Tank
The Village Head removed from his job
and gave the post to one of his
relatives
Through the kiosk, he sent an email
petition to the Chief Minister’s Cell,
attaching a photograph of himself
Even the Chief Minister is not far away …
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A letter came back
from the CM’s Cell
asking that he be
reinstated
In response to the CM’s
letter, the BDO sent
instructions to the Village
Head that he given back
his job - permanently
Eye Care
• An email is sent to the Aravind Eye
Hospital with a photograph attached
• The patient is told that her problem was
not serious and could wait for some time
• The Benefits?
1) She saved a visit to the hospital
2) She knows she has to make that visit
after 2 months
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Online Consultations
General Health – An Online Clinic with a Doctor
Talking to an Agricultural Expert
Video-conferencing (6 kiosks in conversation)
Bridging the Digital Divide – Computer
Education for Rural Children
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Digital Studio – Low cost Photography
Photograph taken
with a Web Camera
Photograph
at Printing
Can Kiosks become Micro-banks?
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TeNeT and n-Logue working with ICICI Bank
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Remote Bill Payment
Rural ATM
Micro-finance
Remittance
Credit and Product Marketing is one of the biggest
requirement of Rural India
Knowledge and Training
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Another Driver of Rural Prosperity
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Information Dissemination and Knowledge Enhancement
Need a Virtual University in every District
to enable this
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Basic Structure would
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Consist of a Central Hub
And Knowledge Extension Centres in every village
The Extension Centre
about 1000 such Extension
Centres in Every District
• Virtual Extension of the
University
• Located in Every Village
• Enhanced Village Internet
Kiosk equipped with
•Computer(s)
•Internet Connection
•Web Camera and Multimedia
•Power backup
•Local Language Software
• Run by a local person who is
trained to facilitate the learning
process
Sparse Area Communications -where there is no fibre backbone?
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Microwave or Satellite back-haul required
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microwave link costs have come down
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can be optimised further -- tower costs dominate
satellite back-haul needs special design providing significant data-rate
at each remote hub
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Hub serves 50 to 100 villages in 15-25 Km radius
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driving down the total cost to connect a village
villages in sparser areas have less available money
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finance and buying/selling may make even larger sense
For inaccessible Rural Areas
ISRO-IITM


3.8 m antenna
2.4 m antenna
15 -25 Kms with 50 connections
PSTN
Internet
• 8-10 voice channels + 64/128 kbps Internet satellite backhaul
• Each hub supports 16 to 20 remote sites with 2 Mbps downlaod
• Rs10000 corDECT + Rs10000 backhaul cost per connection
To Sum Up
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Innovation requires unique understanding of market /
need
–
how market can multiply rather than grow incrementally
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Technological Innovation required to serve the need
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often disruptive technology
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delta addition can rarely make a significant difference