Transcript Document

Муниципальное общеобразовательное учереждение
“Гимназия №5”
г.Дзержинский
Московской области
The project
“Great couturiers”
Luba Solopova
8 Grade student
High Comprehensive school №5
Adviser: English teacher
L.I.Bzhania
2009-2010
History of fashion is as old as suit history.
Since the moment a person opened the
value of clothes as protection frames from
adverse influences of the nature, it remains
a little period until it started to reflect on his
aesthetic and stimulating function. The
clothes were the object he could express the
art of outlook.
Since the most ancient times the person aspired to
cover the naked body that was possible to explain
chastity and sense of shame. However, such
interpretation is represented too narrow and
limited. The clothes were not only a cover, but also
a symbol. Even the amulet was in due time
“clothes” as it was the bridge between a naked,
vulnerable human body and the world around.
Vivid examples of symbolical value of certain
forms of clothes represent rigid rules of medieval
estates of the Spanish monks.
The rule of stylization of appearance of the
person though in an other form, reached us
from former times are found out up to the
present. The French revolution cut not only
heads of aristocrats, but also wigs in literally
and figuratively. From now on absence of a
wig was obligatory in the society.
The clothes speak much, they expose undercover
thoughts. The clothes show the most individual creation of
human culture, and at the same time near fashion which as
the shade follows clothes, strides a powerful instinct of
imitation. Imitation simultaneously is the necessary
precondition of a fashion, its contradiction. The person
imitates the world around, fоllows fashion, but, at the same
time, with the help of this fashion, it aspires to differ from
people surrounding him. Internal qualities, temperament
and character are underlined by external means, on thus
naturally enough and imitation.
In many countries today, people wear modern fashions
most of the time. They sometimes wear their traditional
clothing on special days such as holidays. If you look at
fashion magazines, you see many tall, slim models. These
models show that height and weight are an important part
of fashion. As long as people have the desire to be
beautiful, there will be fashion. There will always be people
who follow the latest styles because they want to look their
best and be more attractive. These people think that their
appearance is very important. They will spend a lot of their
time and money trying to look like the ideal man or woman.
Today I’ll tell you about great
couturiers that change fashion of all
the world.
But what is fashion?
Fashion is the area of activity that involves
styles of clothing and appearance.
And what is a couturier?
A couturier is a person who designs,
makes, and sells expensive, fashionable
clothes for women.
Today I’ll tell you about ten
couturiers:
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Chanel
Armani
D&G
Prada
Gucci
Versachi
Dior
Yves Saint Laurent
Valentin Udashkin
Vyacheslav Zaytsev
Great couturiers
30%-France
20%-Russia
50%-Italy
Russia: Valentin Udashkin,
Vyacheslav Zaytsev
Italy: Armani, D&G, Prada, Gucci,
Versachi
France: Dior, Yves Saint Laurent,
Chanel
Coco Chanel (19
August of 1883 —
10 January 1971). The
real name is Gabrielle
Bonheur Chanel.
She brought little black
dresses and a narrow
jackets to fashion.
Gabrielle Bonheur "Coco" Chanel (19 August 1883
– 10 January 1971) was a pioneering French
fashion designer whose modernist philosophy,
menswear-inspired fashions, and pursuit of
expensive simplicity made her an important figure
in 20th-century fashion. She was the founder of
the famous fashion brand Chanel. Her
extraordinary influence on fashion was such that
she was the only person in the field to be named
on TIME Magazine's 100 most influential people of
the 20th century.
Early life
Chanel was born on 19 August 1883 in the small city of Saumur,
Maine-et-Loire, France. She was the second daughter of traveling
salesman Albert Chanel and Jeanne Devolle. Coco was born in a
peasant village. When she was 12 years old, Chanel's mother died of
tuberculosis and her father left the family because he needed to work to
raise his children. Because of his work, the young Chanel spent seven
years in the orphanage of the Roman Catholic monastery of Aubazine,
where she learned the trade of a seamstress. When Coco turned
eighteen, she left the orphanage, and the ambitious young girl took off
for the town of Moulins to become a cabaret singer. While she failed to
get steady work as a singer, it was here that she met rich, young
French textile heir Étienne Balsan, to whom she soon became an
acknowledged mistress, keeping her day job in a tailoring shop. In
1913, she opened up her very first shop which sold a range of
fashionable raincoats and jackets. Situated in the heart of Paris it
wasn't long before the shop went out of business. This did not
discourage her; it only made her more determined.
Later years
In 1939, at the beginning of World War II,
Chanel closed her shops.
In 1945, she moved to Switzerland, eventually
returning to Paris in 1954, the year she also
returned to the fashion world. Her new collection
did not have much success with the Parisians
because of her relationship with the Nazis;
however, it was much applauded by the British and
Americans, who became her faithful customers.
The little black dress
The narrow jacket
Giorgio Armani(11 July 1934). He brought wide trousers,
trouser suits, skirts-pencils to fashion.
Giorgio Armani is an Italian fashion
designer, particularly noted for his
menswear. He is known today for his clean,
tailored lines. He formed his company,
Armani, in 1975, and by 2001 was
acclaimed as the most successful designer
to come out of Italy, with an annual turnover
of $1.6 billion, and a personal fortune of $5
billion.
Early life and fashion career
Armani was born in Piacenza. From 1961 to 1970, he worked as an
assistant designer at a fashion house Nino Cerruti, where he designed
for the menswear label "Hitman". In 1970, he left the company to
pursue freelance work. He partnered with Sergio Galeotti to establish a
menswear label Armani in 1974, and introduced a women's wear line in
1975. His sister Rosanna Armani subsequently joined him. Armani
achieved his international breakthrough by tailoring for numerous
Hollywood names and especially for Richard Gere in the title role of
American Gigolo in 1980. In 2001, Forbes named him the most
successful Italian designer and estimated his net worth at $1.7 billion.
He was given the same award five years later, as the magazine
estimated his fortune at $4.1 billion.
Innovations
Armani designed made-to-measure suits for Christian Bale's character
Bruce Wayne in The Dark Knight.
The wide trousers
The trouser suit
The skirt-pencil
Dolce&Gabbana is a
duet of two Italian
couturiers. They
brought uncommon
suits and extravagant
evening and wedding
dresses to fashion.
The uncommon suit
The evening dress
The wedding dress
This duet is
Domenico Dolce
(right) and
Stefano Gabbana
(left). The company
“Dolce&Gabbana”
was founded in
Milan in 1985 .
Miucha Prada (10
May 1949)
brought men’s
shirts like women’s
dresses and
uncommon
colorful suits to
fashion.
Prada is an Italian fashion label designed by Mario
Prada, specializing in luxury goods for men and women
(ready-to-wear, leather accessories, shoes, and luggage
and hats).
Foundations
The company was started by Fratelli Prada (English: Prada
Brothers) and by Mario Prada as a leathergoods shop in
Milan, Italy. His shop sold leather goods and imported
English steamer trunks and handbags.
Runway shows
Prada, along with Calvin Klein and Gucci, is known for the
practice of casting new models to walk exclusively in their
runway shows.
The men’s shirt like women’s dress
The uncommon colorful suit
Guccio Gucci
(1881—1953 ).
He brought
evening dresses
and expensive
daily clothes for
women to fashion.
The House of Gucci, better known simply as Gucci, is a
Florentine fashion and leather goods label, part of the
Gucci Group, which is owned by French company PinaultPrintemps-Redoute(PPR). Gucci was founded by Guccio
Gucci (1869 – 1953) in Florence in 1921. Gucci generated
circa €2.2 billion worldwide of revenue in 2008 according to
BusinessWeek magazine and climbed to 41st position in
the magazine's annual 2009 "Top Global 100 Brands“
chart created by Interbrand. Gucci operates about 278
directly operated stores worldwide and it wholesales its
products through franchisees and upscale department
stores.
History
In 1947, Gucci introduced the bamboo handle handbag, which is still a
company mainstay. He had four sons—Vasco, Aldo, Ugo, and
Rodolfo. After Guccio's death in 1953, Aldo helped lead the company to
a position of International prominence, opening the company’s first
boutique in New York. Rodolfo tried to help direct the company.
Record
Guinness World Records cites the Gucci "Genius Jeans" as the most
expensive jeans in the world. A pair of Gucci jeans that had been
distressed, ripped and covered with African beads, when they debuted
in October 1998 in Milan, were priced at US$3,134.CD
The evening dresses
The daily clothes
Versachi
&
Gianni Versace (2 december 1946 -15 July 1997)
Donatella Versace (2 May 1956)
Gianni Versace usually referred to as Versace, is an Italian fashion
label founded by Gianni Versace in 1978.
The first Versace boutique was opened in Milan's Via della Spiga in
1978, and its popularity was immediate. Today, Versace is one of the
world's leading international fashion houses. Versace designs, markets
and distributes luxury clothing, accessories, fragrances, makeup and
home furnishings under the various brands of the Versace Group.
Gianni Versace was killed by Andrew Cunanan on July 15, 1997. His
sister Donatella Versace, formerly vice-president, then stepped in as
creative director of Versace and his older brother Santo Versace
became CEO(Chief Executive Officer). Donatellas daughter Allegra
Versace also owns 50 percent of the company since 2004.
Versace's Style Department employs a group of designers and stylists
who work in teams. Each team is specifically dedicated to each fashion
line or label. These teams operate under the close supervision and
guidance of Donatella Versace.
The wedding dress
The trouser suit
Christian Dior
(1905-1957) is a
couturier and founder
of house “Dior”.
There are a lot of
kinds of different
accessories.
Especially shoes.
Headquartered in Paris, Christian Dior S.A. (more commonly known as
Dior) is a French company which owns the high-fashion clothing
producer and retailer Christian Dior Couture, as well as holding 42% of
LVMH Moët Hennessy • Louis Vuitton, the world's largest luxury goods
firm. Both Dior and LVMH are controlled and chaired by businessman
Bernard Arnault. The Dior label is the namesake of designer Christian
Dior who launched the haute couture empire in 1946. Christian Dior
Couture, a division of the whole House of Dior, designs and produces
some of the world's most coveted haute couture, as well as luxury
ready-to-wear fashion, menswear and accessories. Today, Dior
operates about 160 boutiques worldwide with plans to open more in the
coming years.
Competitors to the House of Dior include, among many, the fashion
houses of Chanel, Yves Saint Laurent, Gucci, Versace, and Prada.
History
The House of Dior was established on December 16, 1946, in "a private
house"at 30 Avenue Montaigne Paris B. However, the current Dior corporation
celebrates "1947" as the opening year. Dior was financially backed by wealthy
businessman Marcel Boussac. The new couture house became a part of "a
vertically integrated textile business" already operated by Boussac.
The shoe
The shoe
The shoe
The shoe
There are a lot of couturier of Dior’s
business after Christian Dior.
Christian Dior => Yves Saint Laurent =>
Mark Boan => Bernard Arno =>
Gianfranco Ferre
Yves Saint Laurent
(1 August 1936-1 June
2008) bring elements of
men’s wardrobe to
women’s wardrobe. They
are leather jackets,
jackboots and tuxedoes. He
is the first couturier, who
invited black model for
presentation of his clothes.
Yves Saint Laurent or YSL is a luxury fashion house founded by Yves Saint Laurent and
his partner, Pierre Bergé. Today, its chief designer is Stefano Pilati. Yves Saint Laurent,
founder of the brand, died in 2008.
History
Yves Saint Laurent was founded by designer Yves Saint Laurent and his partner, Pierre
Bergé, in 1962. During the 1960s and 1970s, the firm popularized fashion trends such as
the beatnik look, safari jackets for men and women, tight pants and tall, thigh-high boots,
including the creation of arguably the most famous classic tuxedo suit for women in 1966,
Le Smoking suit. He also started mainstreaming the idea of wearing silhouettes from the
1920s, '30s and '40s. He was the first, in 1966, to popularize ready-to-wear in an attempt
to democratize fashion, with Rive Gauche and the boutique of the same name. He was
also the first designer to use black models in his catwalk shows.
Style
Yves St. Laurent clothing has for decades been known for its refined and modern
elegance. Decades before Giorgio Armani, Yves Saint Laurent clothing glamourized for
women some items taken from the male wardrobe, such as the blazer, the tuxedo, the
pant suit, the leather jacket.
The leather jackets and the jackboots
The tuxedo
Black model introducing Yves Saint Laurent’s clothes
Vyacheslav
Zaytsev
(2 March 1938).
He brought a lot of
uncommon and
extravagant suits
to fashion.
Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Zaitsev more
commonly known as Slava Zaitsev
born 2 March 1938 in Ivanovo, Russian
Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, is a
Russian fashion designer, painter, graphic
artist and theatrical costume designer.
Career in the Soviet Union
During the Soviet era, haute couture was dominated by Zaitsev and
and he was compared to other world-renowned fashion designers such
as Christian Lacroix, Christian Dior, Pierre Cardin, and Yves Saint
Laurent, Zaitsev was seen as being to compete with Western
designers, however, under the communist regime, the only country
outside of the USSR where Zaitsev was able to work was
Czechoslovakia. He said that if he had had a chance to show his
collections abroad he would have been most possibly a world-famed
brand.
Career in Russia
In 1991 he designed a new uniform for the Russian police, and was
bestowed the title of Honored Worker in the Field of the Arts. By 1992,
Jane Fonda, Ted Turner and Herb Ritts were amongst celebrities who
became customers of Zaitsev, and in the same year Zaitsev launched a
women's perfume named Maroussia, in conjunction with French-based
L'Oréal.
Style
Zaitsev stated that his mother, Maria Ivanovna, was a cleaning lady
and never owned a fancy dress. In 2004, the New York Times stated,
"it is her stolid image that he has been dressing all these years in
flounces and feathers, poufs and peplums, gold and glitter. During the
Soviet era, he regularly complained that he designed collections for the
"larger" woman in the 1970s, but only models up to size 48 were
accepted for production. Whilst Zaitsev regards fashion designers
Coco Chanel, Christian Dior, Gianfranco Ferré and Hubert de Givenchy
as idols, his own creations are strongly influenced by traditional
Russian and Slavic styles, and his collections include a variety of
theme-based shows reflecting his take on the industry at the time. Past
collections include the Millenium of the Christianisation of Russia in
1988; Russian Seasons in Paris in 1988; Agony of Perestroika in 1991;
and Recollections of the Future in 1996 – 1997.
The uncommon suit
The extravagant suit
Valentin Yudashkin
(14 October 1963).
He brought a lot of
splendid evening
dresses to fashion.
Valentin Abramovich Yudashkin is Russia’s most
famous fashion designer and a decorated member
of the Academy of Arts of the Russian Federation.
He is also honored with a rank of National Artist of
Russia. His clothes are displayed in the Louvre
Museum of Clothes in Paris, the California
Museum of Fashion in Los Angeles, the
Metropolitan Museum in New York, the State
Historical Museum in Moscow and in other
museums around the World.
His first collection was created in 1987, and he has
since created more than fourty collections.
“Valentin Yudashkin’s House of Fashion”
has existed since 1988. Today his clothing
collections comprise both haute couture and
prêt-a-porter, and accessories, jewelry,
porcelain and sun glasses complete the
collection.
Valentin Yudashkin’s collections have been
shown during the weeks of haute couture
and prêt-a-porter in Paris, Milan, New York,
and other cities.
The evening dress
The evening dress
The evening dress
As you see, each of the
named couturiers has
his or her own style
and people can choose
what they like.
As for me, I suppose, I’m rather fashionable. I
don’t wear great couturiers’ clothes. I like clothes
that are comfortable, unusual, bright and
fashionable. I usually wear jeans or skirts
and T-shirts that I buy in “MEGA”. I like
stores “Stockman”, “Zara”, “Stradivarius”, “Oysho”,
“Sepala”, “United Colors of Benetton”, “Bershka”,
“Vero Moda”, “Ecco”, “Peacocks”, “Sketchers”,
“Next”. They aren’t very expensive, but they sell
trendy clothes to my mind.
I love formal occasions like weddings when
you have to put on a dress or a suit. Some
people I know buy their clothes at the local
supermarket where the prices are low but
these clothes aren’t beautiful and
fashionable in my opinion. I know there are
people whose style is easier, more classic
and simple, but I’m happy just being me.
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It is
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