Transcript No Slide Title

US Soccer Federation
STATE E CERTIFICATION COURSE
Connecticut Junior Soccer
Association
ENJOY!!!
Dynamics of a Coaching Course
Candidates in a coaching course can be placed into three
different groups:
1 – Those who want to learn (very motivated)
2 – Those who are there for the “piece-of-paper”
(moderately motivated)
3 – Those who are forced to attend (not motivated)
Are licensed coaches “better” coaches
than those who are not licensed ?
Does a “higher” license mean the
coach is better than those with a lesser
license?
“There is no prescription to football”
Course Introduction
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Prepare coaches working with players U11 and up
Expanding knowledge and understanding of technical
and tactical demands of the game
Provide an understanding of coaching methodology
Prepare you for the next level – USSF National “D”
License
Empower you with things you can use immediately!
Motivate you to want to continue your coaching
education
Give you as much information as possible to help you
improve
Empower you with resources for future self-education
How You Complete the Course
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Perfect attendance
Successful completion of take-home
written examinations
Successful planning/execution of field
practice coaching session (group
work)
Ground Rules
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No cellular phones
Respect the opinions of others
Early is on time
You are responsible for everything in the
manual
If you don’t understand something…ASK!!!
Each candidate must be prepared to play at
each session
Each candidate must bring a properly inflated
size 5 soccer ball to each session
US Soccer Hierarchy
United States Soccer Federation
USSF
National and Olympic Teams
National Soccer Coaches Association
NSCAA
United States Youth Soccer Association
USYSA
55 National State Associations, 4 Regions
5 Million Registered Players
American Youth Soccer
Organization
(AYSO)
Soccer Association for Youth
(SAY)
Connecticut Junior Soccer Association
CJSA
Region 1
www.cjsa.org
METHODS OF COACHING
STATE E CERTIFICATION COURSE
THE GAME - WHAT IS SOCCER?
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It is a competitive game made difficult by the opponent.
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It has an objective to achieve - to win the game.
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It has rules to follow and a field to play on.
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It is free flowing - No time outs or stoppages for coaching.
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Players must solve the problems presented in the game not the coach.
Connecticut Junior Soccer
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THE GAME IS THE BEST TEACHER
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The game presents the problems for the players.
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Players must solve the problems.
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Using games in training creates realism.
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Players are motivated and challenged to learn through the
game.
Connecticut Junior Soccer
Association
“If you’ve ever driven a car
With three kids screaming
and fighting in the backseat,
think about this: Does it tend
to pull your attention away
from the task at hand? Do
you ever feel overloaded? If
you add more pressure to that
car ride, such as an icy road,
can you handle all that at
once? That’s exactly what
coaches do when they yell at
kids to do something: They
distract them. They create
“cognitive overload.”
(pg. 161, Just Let the Kids
Play)
USING SMALL-SIDED GAMES
TO TEACH
Small-sided games emphasize these areas of player development:
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Skill development - number of touches on the ball.
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Tactical development - decision making is expanded.
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Fun and enjoyment - the number of scoring opportunities is
greatly increased.
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Game understanding - positional play is greatly expanded.
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Intuitive development - Transitional play is increased and
becomes automatic.
USING SMALL-SIDED GAMES
TO TEACH
Attacking Opportunities
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Dribbling to take on opponents
Dribbling into Space
Passing
Receiving
Shooting
Player Involvement
Defending Opportunities
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Tackling
Intercepting
Reading the Game
Stopping Shots
Distribution
Player Involvement
TOUCHES ON THE BALL
(A Comparison Between 11v11, 7v7 and 4v4)
In 1997 three different games were assessed by Glen Buckley
Director of Coaching NYSWYSA.
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11v11 friendly game, 22 touches in 60 minutes
(0.37 touches on the ball per minute)
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7v7 games, 205 touches in 48 min., projected touches in
60 min. = 256 (4.3 touches on the ball per minute)
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4v4 games, 217 touches in 48 min., projected touches in
60 min. = 271 (4.5 touches on the ball per minute)
The player in the 4v4 game touched the ball 12.31 more times, in
the same time period, that the player in the 11v11 game.
TOUCHES ON THE BALL
(A Comparison Between 11v11, 7v7 and 4v4)
In 2001, the assessment was conducted again:
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11v11 friendly game, 19 touches in 60 minutes
(0.32 touches on the ball per minute)
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7v7 games, 96 touches in 40 min., projected touches in
60 min. = 144 (2.4 touches on the ball per minute)
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4v4 games, 111 touches in 20 min., projected touches in
60 min. = 333 (5.5 touches on the ball per minute)
The player in the 4v4 game touched the ball 12.31 more times, in the
same time period, that the player in the 11v11 game.
WHAT IS PLAYER DEVELOPMENT?
Player development demands that the player is central to all
decisions made regarding training and competition.
The coach who believes in player development will ensure that
the following objectives are met:
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Activities are enjoyable.
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Each player has a ball during training.
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Technical and tactical situations are created in each
session.
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WHAT IS PLAYER DEVELOPMENT?
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Competition is a main ingredient within each
practice.
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Educate players to have an appreciation for the game,
team mates, opponents, referees and coaches.
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Lots of touches per session.
Role of the Coach
* Set up conditions and environment for learning
*Create activities geared for success
* Practice should be about learning and enjoyment
* Coach must be enthusiastic
*Players need to have fun and receive positive feedback
Connecticut Junior Soccer
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Role of the Coach
As a positive role model you should demonstrate respect for:
Your Team
Your Staff
The Game
The Parents
Officials
Opposing
Coaches
Soccer Committees
HOW TO TEACH
STATE E CERTIFICATION COURSE
PRINCIPLES OF COACHING
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ORGANIZATION:
Practice Plan, Time Factor, Equipment,
Practice Area, Number of Players
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DEMONSTRATION:
A picture paints a 1000 words
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OBSERVATION:
Both for failure and success
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INFORMATION:
Feedback is guiding the players to
success
Coaches Tool Kit
Uninterrupted Play= Establish Rhythm
Coachable Moments
Conditions of the Game to Coach the Theme
Natural Stoppages
Flow of the Game
Individual Player
Freeze Method
CREATING A FRAMEWORK
METHODOLOGY: Is the manner in which the game is presented
to the players. It is merely a framework to enable coaches to focus
on coaching the player.
Types of practice sessions:
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Technical
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Tactical
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Fitness
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Functional
COMPONENTS OF THE GAME
There are four pillars of the game:
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TECHNICAL - Individual
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TACTICAL - Individual, Group, Team
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FITNESS - Endurance (aerobic /anaerobic), flexibility,
agility, speed (physical, technical, mental), strength
and power.
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PSYCHOLOGICAL - Demands of the game
WHAT AND HOW TO TEACH
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Whole - Part - Whole approach
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GAME ------ ANALYSIS ------ TRAINING ------ GAME
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(Performance) (Evaluation) (Education) (Performance)
Connecticut Junior Soccer
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WHAT AND HOW TO TEACH
The game will dictate the requirements of training. Training must
include the following elements:
A Ball
Teammates
Objective
(Goal)
Field
Rules
Direction
Decision
Making
PRACTICE STRUCTURE
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Logical progression
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Simple to complex
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Increase number of elements during progression
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Increase pressure
Application in game
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Cool Down
Connecticut Junior Soccer
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GENERAL PROGRESSION FOR
TEACHING TECHNIQUE
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FUNDAMENTAL: No pressure from opponent, includes
stretching, repetition, related to main theme of topic.
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MATCH RELATED: The main objective of the practice,
introduce pressure gradually cumulating in live pressure, pressure
of time and space.
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MATCH CONDITION: Final stage with no restrictions, real
game with even or uneven teams. GK’s should be used.
Conditions may be imposed to highlight the area of the game that
is being coached.
Connecticut Junior Soccer
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FUNDAMENTAL - WARM UP
MATCH RELATED
MATCH RELATED
MATCH CONDITION
COOL DOWN
ORGANIZATION
KEY COACHING POINTS
TACTICS, SYSTEMS
&
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY
STATE E CERTIFICATION COURSE
WHAT ARE TACTICS?
Tactics are the where, when and why of soccer.
Soccer is a team sport that allows each player to
impose their personality onto the game. The free
flowing nature of soccer provides players with
numerous opportunities to make instant decisions
while attacking and defending.
GENERAL PROGRESSION FOR
TEACHING TACTICS
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UNRESTRICTED SPACE: Free space, 1v1, individual
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duels.
RESTRICTED SPACE: Size of area based on ability and
number of players. 2v2, 2v3, 4v3
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ONE GOAL WITH COUNTER: Counter may be goal, line
or target players. Group tactics.
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TWO GOALS: Team tactics. Teaching of roles through the
various thirds of the field, and the responsibilities of those
roles.
Connecticut Junior Soccer
Association
UNRESTRICTED SPACE – WARM UP
RESTICTED SPACE
ONE GOAL WITH COUNTERS
GAME-TWO GOALS
COOL DOWN
ORGANIZATION
KEY COACHING POINTS
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY
DEFENSE
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Immediate chase to regain possession. Deny penetration.
Delay: Nearest defender applies pressure (1st defender).
Depth: The quick organization of the players behind the pressuring
defender (Cover - primary the 2nd defender)
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Balance: The positioning of defenders relative to possible
penetrating runs or passes to attackers away from the ball (3rd
defender).
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Concentration: The limiting of time and space by
squeezing centrally behind the ball (compactness).
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY
ATTACK
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Penetration: Get the ball behind defenders (1st attacker, achieved by
shooting, running, passing, dribbling.
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Depth: The organization of players behind and in front of the 1st
attacker (2nd attacker provides support).
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Mobility: The attempt by attacking players to penetrate and
unbalance the defensive action (3rd attacker).
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Width: The disposition of attackers across the full
width of the field to pull apart the collective defensive
action.
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Improvisation: Individual flair, creativity can open up
defenses for the individual and for teammates.
THIRDS OF THE FIELD
S
R
Safety
isk
afety
Risk
Defensive Third
S
afety
Midfield Third
R
isk
Offensive Third
SYSTEMS OF PLAY
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Select a system for you players
Find a system that allows your
players to play
Balance
Variety : 4-4-2
3-5-2 (5-3-2)
3-4-3
4-3-3
Comfort zone with players
DEVELOPING A SYSTEM
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Create a system that puts your team into play
Meet the demands of the game, not the coach
Encourage players to try all positions
To much risk means vulnerability
Balance is needed for transition
Defensive Minded
When defending you still need an outlet
Develop players not positions
In general the team shape should provide:
Numbers up in the back
Even numbers in Midfield
Mobility in the Attack
“E” Coaching Certificate
Risk / Team Management
What are possible concerns with
respect to having player names on the
back of their jerseys?
What should you do if you are left
alone with a player following a
practice or a game?
What do you feel are important
items to discuss at your preseason
parent/coach meeting?
Parent – Coach Meeting
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Discuss coaching philosophy.
- Discuss team goals for the season.
- Discuss what is expected of the parents.
What do you feel are important
items to discuss at your preseason
player / coach meeting?
Player – Coach meeting (group)
- Discuss coaching philosophy.
- Discuss team goals for the season.
- Discuss training rules and regulations
What information do you feel is
important to reveal to your team at
halftime?
Player – Coach meeting
(individual)
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Discuss players perception of himself
within the team and to the team.
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Discuss individuals goals for the season.
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Discuss the coaches perception of the
individual within the team and to the team.
Prevention and Care of
Injuries
A First Aid Guide for the Youth Coach
Emergency Action Plan
• Have and know how to use the following:
• First Aid kit
• Ice and plastic bags for emergency use
• Team safety and information cards
Emergency Action Plan
• Stay calm and reassure the player
• Do the primary survey: A, B, C’s. Airway,
Breathing and Circulation
• If necessary send someone to call 911.
Emergency Action Plan
• For Airway and Circulation.
If no breathing, begin rescue breathing. If no
pulse start CPR. (If you are CPR certified)
• Always err on the side of caution!
Prevention of Injuries
• Proper use of equipment (shin guards, no
jewelry, uniforms designed for climate).
• Proper fitting shoes, proper type of shoe for
surface.
• Upkeep and monitoring of playing surfaces.
• Avoid scheduling training during the hottest
periods of the day and when there is intense
humidity.
Prevention of Injuries
• Ample water supply and breaks to give
players rest.
• Full rehabilitation of an injury prior to return
to play, determined by a physician.
• Recommend a physical exam by a physician
prior to participation.
Common Injuries in Soccer
Cuts and Abrasions
To reduce the risk of infection ALWAYS
wear protective gloves and wash your
hands before and after contact. Protect
yourself and the player.
Common Injuries in Soccer
Treatment
• Clean wound and surrounding area with
clean water, wiping away from the wound.
• To stop bleeding on an open wound:
• Place sterile dressing over wound and
apply direct pressure. Elevate if
necessary.
• If a severe cut call 911!
Common Injuries in Soccer
Nose Bleed
Treatment
• Place the player in a sitting position with the
head forward.
• Apply pressure to just below the bridge of the
nose. Use ice when necessary.
• If you suspect a head or neck injury do not try
to control the bleeding. Instead stabilize the
head and call 911!
Common Injuries in Soccer
• Bruises/Contusions (A crushing injury to a
muscle or tendon caused by an outside force,
which causes hemorrhaging to surrounding
tissue)
• Treatment:
Apply ice
Common Injuries in Soccer
• Sprains:
A frequent injury in soccer, with the knee
and the ankle most often involved. A
sprain is the stretching or tearing of the
ligament beyond its normal limits.
• Strains:
A partial tear to the muscle or tendon.
Commonly called a “pull”
Common Injuries in Soccer
Treatment R.I.C.E.
R – Removal from the activity and rest
I – Ice
C – Compression
E – Elevation
Common Injuries in Soccer
Heat Illness
Young children are still not as efficient as adults at
dealing with heat or cold.
Heat Cramps
Heat Exhaustion
Heat Stroke
Common Injuries in Soccer
Heat Cramps
• Are brief severe cramps in the muscles of the
leg arm or abdomen that may occur during or
after vigorous exercise in extreme heat. Lack
of drinking fluids is a common cause.
• Treatment: A cool place, rest and fluids
Common Injuries in Soccer
•
Heat Exhaustion:
• The players body is having trouble
keeping itself cool. This condition can
come on very suddenly, the players
temperature is raised and they may feel
sick or dizzy. The player is still sweating
and the skin feels clammy.
•
Treatment: Call 911, cool place, loosen
clothing, rest and drink fluids.
Common Injuries in Soccer
Heat Stroke is:
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The most severe form of heat illness; a life threatening
emergency and requires immediate medical attention.
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Body temperature is high, skin is hot, red and dry, sweating
mechanism is blocked, pulse is rapid and strong, player may
lose consciousness.
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Treatment
Immediately call 911; get into cool area; cool the players
body by spraying or dousing with water; loosen clothing; fan
the player to help in cooling.
Common Injuries in Soccer
Fractures and Dislocations:
• If a body part does not have a normal
appearance or function then suspect a
fracture.
• Treatment: Do not move the player, keep
warm and make comfortable,
call 911.
Common Injuries in Soccer
Dislocations
• The joint will have a marked deformity with
intense pain.
• Treatment:
If a player can walk immobilize the joint and
immediately transport to hospital. If the
player is unable to walk then call 911.
Common Injuries in Soccer
Concussion
• Usually due to a clash of heads. Possible
dizziness, headache, disorientation, ringing in
the ears and vomiting.
• Treatment:
Remove from activity and seek medical care.
Prevention and Care of Injuries
• Always err on the side of caution.
• Be first aid and cpr certified.
• Record the incident and note all actions you took
and how the injury occurred.
• Follow up with a phone call to check on the players
condition.
Acknowledgements:
American Medical Association; First – Aid guide