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Three Blind Men and the Elephant: "Does the trunk go on the knee?" Towards a science of knowledge William P. Hall (PhD Biol. Harvard 1973) EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY OF SPECIES AND ORGANIZATIONS http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Personal Research Work: Head Office / Engineering Tenix Defence Williamstown, Vic. 3016 http://www.tenix.com/ mailto:[email protected] Research: Evolutionary Biology of Species and Organizations http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall/ mailto:[email protected] Review: Where is knowledge management today? (1) History of biology • Natural History • Science of biology – – – Natural philosophy (Plato, Aristotle) Linneaus (1753-1758), principles of naming Taxonomic classification and anecdotes – – – – – – 1859: Darwin theory of natural selection 1900: Mendel genetics, cell theory, chromosomes in inheritence 1930: RA Fisher - Genetical Theory of Natural Selection (1930) 1937-50: T Dobzhansky, E Mayr; GG Simpson, GL Stebbins synthetic theory of evolution 1955: Prigogine; 1968: Morowitz - dissipative thermodynamics 1945-1960: Biochemistry, molecular biology, biochemical genetics – – – – 1953: 1975: 1993: 2002: • x-ray crystallography, electron microscope, isotopic tracers Watson & Crick structure of DNA EO Wilson Sociobiology S Kauffman Origins of Order SJ Gould Structure of Evolutionary Theory Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Where is knowledge management today? (2) History of knowledge management • Natural philosophy of knowledge • Natural History • (towards a) science of knowledge – – – – – – Plato and Aristotle 1934, 1959: Karl Popper's Logic of Scientific Discovery 1958: Michael Polanyi's Personal Knowledge 1972: Karl Popper's Objective Knowledge 1999: Ilkka Niiniluoto's Critical Scientific Realism Conflicts between realist & constructivist views of knowledge highlighted/ resolved by Niiniluoto - who is unknown in KM discipline – – 1994: Karl Sveiby's PhD Thesis 1995: Nonaka & Takeuchi – – – – 1974, 1982: 1995: 2000: 1980: Maturana and Varela's Autopoiesis Nelson & Winter Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change (~1900) von Krogh & Roos Organizational Epistemology (~1950) Firestone & McElroy (~1960) However - knowledge is a product of biology and biology should provide the basis for a science of knowledge Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Autopoiesis: Maturana and Varela 1980 Autopoiesis (= self + production) is the emergent condition achieved by a bounded (self-identifying), self-regulating set of processes able to maintain its existence as an autonomous entity in the face of environmental perturbations; i.e., that which qualifies a complex entity as "living". Recognizing an autopoietic entity (see von Krogh & Roos) • • • • • • Identifiably bounded (membranes, tags) Identifiable components within the boundary (complex) Mechanistic (i.e., metabolism/cybernetic processes) System boundaries internally determined (self reference) System intrinsically produces own components Self-produced components are necessary and sufficient to produce the system (autonomy) Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Non-equilibrium thermodynamics + autopoiesis = "life" Physics of dynamic systems • • Prigogine – Nobel Laureate for studies on non-equilibrium thermodynamics Morowitz (1968) – Energy Flow in Biology: • Kauffman (1993) – Origins of Order: – – Systems forced to evolve increasingly complex cycles to transport energy/matter from sources to sinks "autocatalytic sets" "organization for free" Autopoiesis • • – Quest to define the property of life – – Maturana and Varela (1980) – Autopoiesis & Cognition – left time out of the equation Basis for radical constructivism confuses the issue for realists Hugo Urrestarazu (2004) On boundaries of autopoietic systems William Hall (2005) – Biological nature of knowledge in the learning organization • Pulling the threads together Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Karl Popper's 3 worlds ontology World 2 Cybernetic self-regulation Cognition Consciousness Development/Recall Reproduction/Production World of mental or psychological states and processes, subjective experiences World 3 Emerges from world 1 processes. Organismic/personal knowledge in world 2 emerges from world 1 processes Polanyi's epistemology of personal knowledge encompassed within Popper's World 2 Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Heredity Expressed language Recorded thought Computer memory Logical artifacts Energy Thermodynamics Physics Chemistry Biochemistry Existence/Reality World 1 The world of objective knowledge Produced / evaluated by world 2 processes Karl Popper's "tetradic schema", "evolutionary theory of knowledge" or "general theory of evolution" Pn a real-world problem faced by an entity TS a tentative solution/theory. Tentative solutions are varied through iteration EE a process of error elimination Pn+1 changed problem as faced from by an entity incorporating a surviving solution The whole process is iterated Pn TS1 TS2 • • • • • TSm EE iteration Knowledge is embodied in autopoietic systems TSs may be embodied in W2 in the individual entity, or TSs may be expressed in words as a hypothesis in W3, subject to objective criticism Objective expression and criticism lets our theories die in our stead Through cyclic iteration, tested solutions can approach reality Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Pn+1 John Boyd's OODA Loop process wins conflicts OBSERVE ORIENT (Results of Test) PARADIGM O ACT (Hypothesis) (Test) GUIDANCE AND CONTROL OBSERVATION EXTERNAL INFORMATION DECIDE CULTURE PARADIGMS PROCESSES DNA GENETIC HERITAGE INPUT O ANALYSIS SYNTHESIS PARADIGM D A CHANGING CIRCUMSTANCE S MEMORY OF HISTORY UNFOLDING ENVIRONMENTAL RESULTS OF ACTIONS UNFOLDING INTERACTION WITH EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT Achieving strategic power depends critically on learning more, better and faster, and reducing decision cycle times compared to competitors. See http://www.belisarius.com. Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Some OODA definitions from John Boyd Generic process for any complex adaptive entity • • Observation assembles data about the world (including the entity's own effects and those of its competitors on that world). Data is given context relating to interactions with the world. Orientation processes information from those observations into semantically linked knowledge to form a world view comprised of – – – – – • • recent observations, memories of prior experience (which may be explicit, implicit or even tacit), genetic heritage (i.e., "natural talent"), cultural traditions (i.e., paradigms), and analysis (destruction) of the existing world view, and synthesis (creation) of a revised world view including possibilities for action. This generates intelligence (in a military sense). Decision selects amongst possible actions generated by the orientation, action(s) to try. Choice is governed and informed by – – wisdom based on experience gained from previous OODA cycles, and the synthesis (creation) of new possibilities to try. Action puts tests decisions against the world. The loop begins to repeat as the entity observes the results of its action. Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Popper's General Theory of Evolution + John Boyd With John Boyd's insights made explicit Pn On O = Observation of the world A = Application or "Action" on the world TS1 TS2 • • • • • TSm A EE Pn+1 This is what Popper's General Theory of Evolution looks like for an entity that does not codify its knowledge, i.e., where there is only dispositional or "subjective" knowledge not subject to linguistic criticism. Note: Action precedes error elimination. Entities acting on erroneous knowledge fail and are eliminated Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Knowledge growth through self-criticism (Popper) W1 World 1 - Everything TT Tentative theories Pn W2 World 2 dispositional knowledge. Tentative theories are first imagined in W2 On W3 World 3 - linguistically expressed, persistent and codified knowledge that can be semantically understood TS1 TS2 • • • • • TSm W2 ORIENTATION TT1 TT2 • • • • • TTm EE D A Pn+1 W3 Self-Criticism - the process by which objectively expressed tentative theories can be falsified and eliminated Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Objective expression and criticism lets our erroneous theories die in our stead First take on what knowledge is Popper's World 1 encompasses everything - it is the dynamic reality that exists independently of observation, knowing and knowledge Observation, meaning and knowledge dynamically emerge from W2 as consequences of universal laws governing physical processes in W1 as these processes impact living entities with an autonomous history able to distinguish themselves from the rest of the world • • • Observation is a dynamic change propagated within the autopoietic system resulting from an interaction with the world Meaning is a consequence of the observation induced change in the constitution of the autopoietic system Knowledge (in one sense) is the persistent effect of a history observation and meaning as represented in successfully surviving autopoietic systems, i.e., solutions to problems There is an epistemic cut between phenomena of W1 and the knowledge of the phenomena as represented in the living system (Howard Pattee, 1995). Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Where I am now: Knowledge is a product of complex organised systems EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY OF SPECIES AND ORGANIZATIONS http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Personal Research Tendencies towards the paradigm of the autopoietic organization Karl Deutsch (1963): The Nerves of Government Stafford Beer (1972/1981): Brain of the Firm Nelson & Winter (1982): Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change • • • Organizational knowledge transcends knowledge of individual members to form organizational heredity acting to maintain the existence and behaviour of the organization (i.e., self-production). N&W assumed much of this transcendent knowledge was tacit (after Polanyi) – – – – physical layout routines contexts connections Accepted but did not stress objective forms of knowledge von Krogh and Roos (1995) Organizational Epistemology Magalhaes (1999) PhD Thesis: The organizational implementation of information systems - towards a new theory. Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Are organisations really autopoietic? Self-identifiably bounded • Identifiable components within the boundary • Rules of association, voluntary allegiance to organisational rules System intrinsically produces own components • Rewards & benefits to belong, processes, routines, procedures System boundaries internally determined • Members are individually unique, recognise one another as members; also machines, property, bank accounts, etc. Mechanistic • Members tagged with ID badges, membership cards, etc. Recruitment, induction, training, HR, etc. Self-produced components are necessary and sufficient to produce the system • Organisation outlives the association of particular individuals Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Complexity theory: Hierarchically complex dissipative systems and the focal level HIGH LEVEL SYSTEM / ENVIRONMENT boundary conditions, Emergent properties • Synthesis cannot predict higher level properties • Bbehaviour is uncomputable • Boundary conditions & constraints select • Analysis can explain constraints, regulations SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM FOCAL LEVEL Possibilities SUBSYSTEMS initiating conditions universal laws "material causes" • Stanley Salthe (1993) Development and Evolution: Complexity and Change in Biology Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Some concepts building on autopoiesis theory and Karl Popper's theory of knowledge Organisations (and other living things) are complex dissipative systems emerging from the medium They consume environmental resources that are limited Resources People Income Sinks for entropically degraded materials/devalued energy Medium or supersystem Competition limits survival { Resources People Economics Information Constraints WORLD 1 ("everything") Organisation 1 Organisation 3 Organisation 2 Organisation 4 Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall The organisation is a complex system in the environment Constraints and boundaries(laws of nature determine what is possible) The organisation's imperatives and goals Entropy/Waste Energy (exergy) Materials Recruitment Products Processes Income Expenses Observations Departures Actions Processes (which may be complex subsystems that are autopoietic in their own rights) are necessary responses to imperatives: • • Survival Self-maintenance of the processes themselves Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Knowledge in an autopoietic entity Material Reality WORLD 1 Embodied cybernetic knowledge WORLD 2 Produce Recall WORLD 3 AUTOPOIETIC SYSTEM Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Symbolically encoded knowledge/ memory ITERATION/SELECTION THROUGH TIME Knowledge: a phenomenon of emergent and evolving autopoiesis Evolutionary Stage Turbulence Integration Dis-integration Coalescence / Emergence Tentative solutions † Stabilised autopoiesis Stable solutions † Dispositional autopoiesis Selected solutions † Semiotic autopoiesis † Criticised solutions Shared solutions Knowledge sharing Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall The nature and growth of autopoietic knowledge Turbulent flow from available energy (exergy) sources to entropy sinks forces conducting systems to organise (state of decreased entropy) - Prigogine, Morowitz, Kay and Schneider, Kauffman) Coalescent systems have no past. Self-regulatory/self-productive (autocatalytic) activities that persist for a time before disintegrating produce components whose individual histories "precondition" them to form autopoietic systems. Each emerged autopoietic system represents a tentative solution to problems of life. Those that dis-integrate lose their histories (heredity/knowledge). Stable systems are those whose tentative solutions enable them to persist indefinitely. Competition among such systems for resources is inevitable. Survivors thus perpetuate historically successful solutions into their self-produced structure to form dispositional or tacit knowledge (W2). Those that fail to solve new problems dis-integrate and lose their histories. Replication, transcription and translation. With semantic coding and decoding, knowledge can be preserved and replicated in physiologically inert forms for recall only when relevant to a particular problem of life. Objective knowledge may be shared across space and through time. - Howard Pattee (1965-2000) series of papers; Luis Rocha (1995-) series of papers. Emergent autopoietic vortexes forming world 2 and world 3 in a flux of exergy to entropy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . Symbolic knowledge . . . . . .. . . Embodied knowledge Autonomy . . . . . . . . . Autocatalytic metabolism Exergy source Material cycles Flux along the focal level Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Entropy sink Cognition (terms are meaningful in relation to autopoietic or artificially intelligent systems) Observation: Initial change induced within the autopoietic system by a perturbation Classification (/ decision): Process by which an induced change results in the system settling into one of alternative attractor basins on a landscape of potential gradients Meaning: The net result in the system due to the initial propagation and classification of an observation Coombe's Hierarchy • • • • • • Data: The atomic level of meaning Information (first level of synthesis): Classified observations assembled into relationship structures Knowledge (second level of synthesis): Semantically identified and linked information Intelligence (third level of synthesis): Tentative theory(ies) about the world based on knowledge Wisdom (fourth level of synthesis): Solutions after the elimination of errors through testing theories against the world Strategic power (the result): Wisdom applied to control the world Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Coombe's hierarchy in the autopoietic entity Autopoietic system Cell Multicellular organism Social organisation State Classification Environment Memory of history Semantic processing to form knowledge Observations (data) Meaning Predict, propose Perturbations Related information Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall An "attractor basin" Intelligence Another view Conscious OODA Loop in Material Terms Medium/ Environment Autopoietic system Observation Memory World State 1 Classification Perturbation Transduction Time Synthesis Evaluation Processing Paradigm Iterate Observed internal changes Assemble Response World State 2 Effect Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Decision Internal changes Effect action PRACTICAL RESEARCH IN PROGRESS Organizational knowledge EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY OF SPECIES AND ORGANIZATIONS http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Personal Research Leave one of the legs off, and the stool will fall over KM: Managing People, Process, Infrastructure CULTURE & PARADIGMS GENETIC HERITAGE PEOPLE PEOPLE PEOPLE ANALYSIS SYNTHESIS OBSERVE ORIENTATION PROCESSES INPUT DECIDE, ACT INFRASTRUCTURE DOCS RECORDS DATA CONTENT “CORPORATE MEMORY” Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall LINKS ANNOTATIONS RELATIONS People: (work in progress) Team Expertise Access Mapping to Facilitate Community of Practice Emergence with: Susu Nousala Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering RMIT University Bill Kilpatrick EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY OF SPECIES AND ORGANIZATIONS http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Personal Research Marine Division Tenix Defence Aaron Miles Marine Division Tenix Defence Information Sciences and Technology Massey University Team Expertise Knowledge Mapping (TEAM) Knowledge pertinent to organizational survival may exist in world 2 and world 3 in a variety of forms. • • Knowledge held individually by people belonging to the organization Tacit organizational routines belonging to internal communities (i.e., CoPs) that may be autopoietic in their own rights • • Physical layout (Nelson and Winter 1982) Corporate documentation To respond rationally to imperatives and perturbations • Identify, access, assemble and use relevant knowledge • • Organizational resources and time available to do it are limited Effective organizational response is bounded by these limitations Best decision the organization can strive for ('bounded rationality' is 'just good enough', or 'satisficing' rather than optimizing (Simon 1955, 1957; Arrow 1974) TEAM study focuses on individual knowledge Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall The organization may know less than its members Organizational knowledge is more than the sum of the knowledge of the organization's individual members, but people with their individual knowledge count People have lives outside their local organizational circumstances ('boundaryless careers') Arthur 1994) People know a lot the organization doesn't • • • Tacit (Polanyi 1958, 1966) skills and understandings that cannot readily be expressed in words; Implicit knowledge the person can articulate and which could readily be shared if anyone knew to ask for it (Snowden 2000, 2002) Explicit documents and other tangible resources the individual may know about but that are not generally known about in the organization. Social cooperation coordinates individual knowledge for organizational purposes Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Individual knowledge in the organization Important difference • • • Individual knowledge addresses questions like: • • • • • • individual knowledge (in any form), known only by a person organizational knowledge is (socially) available and accessible to those who can apply it for organizational needs Even where explicit knowledge exists, individual knowledge may be required to access it within a useful response time. who has the tacit capabilities and experience to perform a task what knowledge is needed where explicit knowledge may be found why the knowledge is important or why it was created when the knowledge was or may be needed how to apply the knowledge. To improve organizational OODA performance a way is needed to rapidly find and coordinate people who have appropriate individual knowledge but don't know the problem exists. Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Knowledge mapping Codification of knowledge vs pointing • • Snowden's paradoxes – know more than we can say – say more than we can write – knowledge will be volunteered but cannot be conscripted Availability of the knowledge is more important than its form Mind mapping was originally a brainstorming tool to help codify • • Offers flexibility Substantial textual annotation capabilities • Linking Used to facilitate social coordination of individual knowledge • Socialization in the interview process – • People happy to share career successes and war stories Socialization in the search and retrieve process – Experts introduced as people with rich stores of experience Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall First use: as a contact list (Tom Le Grice) Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Drill down Click twig on map: • • • Application Status Contact name and link Click contact link: • • • Position Physical address Contact modes and details Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Second use: types of knowledge (TEAM Project) Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Second layer 3rd Layer Snippet from narrative Importance Cost control is really required from the start of a project right to the last day. It is crucial to making a profit. You may tender based on not making a profit or even making a loss, but only cost control will increase the chances of making a profit or minimise the loss. Forecasting will tell you how you are going to go in the future and whether we need to make any changes. 4th Layer The complete interview as organized into the common structure Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Process: (Work in Progress) Knowledge Based Improvement of Business Processes Peter Dalmaris Faculty of Information Technology University of Technology Sydney EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY OF SPECIES AND ORGANIZATIONS http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Personal Research Knowledge Based Improvement of Business Processes Developed in a framework of Popperian epistemology • • nt Sy nthe ing v e me Improvement methodology components Impr o ss M odell is Proc e ce A n a l ys ma n tion ce E va l u a Perfo r ma n ss A uditin Proc e si s An "organizational learning" method g three worlds evolutionary theory of knowledge Perfo r TOOLS Auditing and analysis tools facilitate process improvement tasks IMPROVEMENT METHODOLOGY A guide to the improvement process PROCESS ONTOLOGY EPISTEMOLOGY Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Explicit specification of the concept of “Business Process” Fundamental assumptions about knowledge Evolutionary improvement of the methodology Testing and Error Detection Problem Re-Formulation Tentative Theory Re-formulation Case 1 Case 2 Literature Review Problem Formulation Tentative Theory Formulation (Framework) Error reduction Evolutionary improvement of the methodology • Problem formulation • Reaching the solution Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Case 3 The current state of the methodology Audit: Probing, current state of the process (AS IS) Audit method shown in Figure 3 Process Members Knowledge Containers Analysis: Improvement Functions Knowledge Knowledge Transformations Objects Knowledge Knowledge Knowledge Transactions Tools Paths Environment: constraints, policies, targets Observe • • Orient • Map, analyze, synthesize Decide • Establish business ontology 'As is'audit Present 'as could' Implement Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Identify potential improvement areas ¦(desired process performance) improvement configuration of process classes Design: Result (AS COULD) Infrastructure: (work in progress) Fleet/Product Lifecycle Knowledge Management William P. Hall Head Office / Engineering Tenix Defence EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY OF SPECIES AND ORGANIZATIONS http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Personal Research Organizational imperatives for the operators Needs to use the capabilities provided engineered product(s) to competitively maintain or improve its strategic position in the world. • • Product must supportable, maintainable, available and effectively useable by its operators to provide superior capabilities when required at an economically feasible cost and lifespan. In the case of defence organizations, the product's capabilities may be tested in direct military confrontation with an opponent's comparable products. Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Major issues for the product's operators Capability when it is needed • • Reliably does what it is supposed to Available for service when needed • • • Maintainable - problems can be fixed when they arise Supportable - critical needs available in supply chain Operable within limits of human knowledge & capacity Health, safety and operational knowledge issues • Heavy/complex engineered products can kill! Life-cycle cost • • • Minimise acquisition cost Minimise costs for documentation, support & maintenance Implement "lean maintenance" philosophy Adequate performance on all issues depends on the quality of authoring, management and transfer of technical knowledge from supplier to operators and maintainers Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Organizational imperatives for the supplier The engineering and project management organization seeks to maintain or improve its strategic position in the world • markets its ability in a competitive marketplace to design, engineer, produce and document the products that will satisfy its clients' needs. Organizations able to successfully bid and complete the product development and production activities faster, better and less expensively than their competitors should gain strategic power in their markets. • • In most cases the success factors are mutually contradictory, as will be graphically demonstrated below. Considerable care must be taken to optimise the contradictory factors in a way that reflects commercial reality. Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Major quality issues in delivering product/system support knowledge Client's delivery goals for operational/maintenance docs • • • Correct – Correct information – Consistent across the fleet Applicable/Effective – Applicable to the configuration of the individual ship/vehicle – Effective for the point in time re engineering changes, etc. Available – • To who needs it, when and where it is needed Useable – Readily understandable by humans – Readily managed & processed in computer systems Supplier's knowledge production and usage goals • Fast • • High quality Low cost Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall But............. Common NATO wisdom is that 5-9% of fatal accidents in military trace to documentation errors • I can't confirm this from an authoritative source RAN supply ship Westralia • HMAS Westralia Tragedy Board of Inquiry 1998 • WA Coroner's Report 2003 • Broken high pressure fuel hose caused engine room fire • Published configuration change procedures not followed • Four died, ship disabled for four years ESSO Longford Gas Plant • Longford Royal Commission 1999 • Hot oil supply lost, gas separator froze, became brittle, broke and caused explosion when hot oil supply returned • Appropriate documentation did not exist/was not available to plant operators • Two died, Victorian gas supply interrupted for three weeks causing $ 1 BN disruption to business Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall Tenix/Navy architecture developed in Melbourne for managing ANZAC Ship support knowledge change task TeraText Content management limited to maintenance procedures only Crossbow Validates and integrates data across 15 legacy systems DOCUMENT AUTHORING DOCO CONTENT MANAGEMENT doco change released doco change Personal Research http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall doco change order Navy Systems DESIGN / ENG PRODUCT DATA PRODUCT CONFIG MRP MANAGEMENT change requestMANAGEMENT ECO SYSTEM • Product Model • Product Model • Plan CAD / Drawing configchange • Drawing Mgmt • • Fabricate Mgmt doco change • Config Mgmt • Assemble change effected • Config Mgmt • Change Request data change • Workflow • Eng Change Process • Workflow Control Process Control • Doco Revision & Release • Doco Revision config changes & Release CSARS Provides corrective feedback from AMPS into supplier's knowledge development activities shared systems? EC / doco change request LSAR DATABASE LOGISTIC ANALYSIS TOOLS (prime) Analysis & optimisation RECORDING REPORTING ANALYSIS TOOLS (prime) UPDATE CONFIG maintenance history MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT • Schedule • Resource Reqs • Procedures • Completion • Downtime • Resource Usage orders AMPS UPDATE MAINT DATA / PROCEDURE receipts SUPPLY SYSTEM Navy's maint mgmt doco server The full fleet knowledge management environment CONTRACTS ILS DB / LSAR DB • Line item details • Config details • Eng. Changes TECHNICAL MAINTENANCE PLANS ASPMIS TRANSFER SAFETY CORRESPONDENCE ENGINEERING CHANGES TECH AUTHOR MAINT. ENGINEER ASSET MANAGEMENT & PLANNING SYSTEM CSARS AUDIT AND Personal Research LOGISTICS ANALYSIS http://www.hotkey.net.au/~bill.hall SHIP SPECIFIC CONFIGURED MAINTENANC E ROUTINES TERATEXT DB SUPPLIER SOURCE DOCUMENTS CLIENT MASTER DATA FILES SHIP SPECIFIC CONFIGURED MAINTENANC E ROUTINES AMPS COMPLETION REPORT CLASS SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND REPORTING SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE AUDIT FUNCTION MAINTAINER COMPLETING MAINTENANCE ACTION SHIP SPECIFIC CONFIGURED MAINTENANC E ROUTINES