Transcript Example Line Listing - University of North Carolina at

Line Listing Lesson
• Objectives:
– Create and maintain a line listing
– Explain why a line listing is an important part
of an epidemiological investigation
– Explain how line listing techniques change
according to the specific outbreak
investigation
Introduction: Line Listing
What is a Line Listing
• A line listing is a method of organizing,
storing, and analyzing potential cases that
appear throughout the investigation.
• A line listing allows information about time,
person, and place to be organized and
reviewed quickly.
When and Why
Using Line Lists to Plan for the
Next Step of an Investigation
• Find missing data
• Explore trends
–
–
–
–
Gender
Age
Date of Onset
Geographic
location
• Create an
Epi curve
Items to Include in a Line Listing
• Identifying information
– Full Name or ID number of potential cases
• Clinical information
– Symptoms
– Date of symptom onset
– Date of diagnosis
• Demographic information
– Gender, age, race, occupation
• Geographic information
– Place of residence, place of work
• Exposure information
– Potential sources of disease exposure
• Other items could include:
– Dietary habits, sexual behavior, recreational activities, or hobbies
Sources of Information for a Line Listing
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Interview with patients/health care providers
School attendance sheets
Medical records
Business receipts
Party guest lists
Surveys
Questionnaires
Etc…..
Tools Used to Create a Line Listing
• By hand:
– Pen and Paper
• Electronically:
– Microsoft Excel
– Microsoft Access
– EpiInfo (www.cdc.gov/epiinfo/index.htm)
How to Make a Line Listing
• Develop a table
• Each row identifies a single case
• Each column describes a variable of
interest
• Update the line listing as new information
becomes available
• Use abbreviations or codes to keep the
line listing simple
Example 1
Example Line List for acute Hepatitis A*
Signs/Symptoms
Case
#
Report
Date
Onset
Physician
Diagnosis
N
V A F
Labs
D
J
Demographics
HAIgM
Other
Sex
Age
M
37
1
10/12/07
10/2/07
Hepatitis A
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
Low
SGOT
2
10/15/07
10/5/07
Hepatitis A
1
0 1 1
1
1
1
Low Alt
M
35
3
10/16/07
10/6/07
Hepatitis A
1
0 1 1
1
1
1
Low
SGOT
M
38
4
10/16/07
10/6/07
NA
0
0 1 0
?
0
NA
F
44
5
10/17/07
Hepatitis A
1
1 1 1
0
0
1
Hbs/Ag-
M
17
6
10/17/07
Hepatitis A
0
0 1 1
1
1
1
SGOT=24
F
33
10/7/07
NA
N=nausea V=vomiting A=elevated aminotransferase F=fever D=discreet onset J=jaundice HAIgM=hepatitis AIgM antibody
test SGOT=serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase ALT=alanine aminotransferase Hbs=hepatitis B surface antigen
1=“yes”, 0=“no”
Example 2
Dengue Fever Line Listing
Name
Date of
Birth
Onset
Date
Rash
Fever? If Other
yes,
symptoms
temp
Lab
results
Elizabeth
Hatch
21 Jun,
1970
July 6
Yes
Yes – 39° Vomiting,
muscle aches
Yes
Mary
Ridgeway
12 Dec,
1971
July 6
No
Yes - 38°
Headache,
muscle ache
Yes
Stephen
Mara
3 Jul,
2004
July 7
Yes
No
Headache,
vomiting
No
Rajnesh Ram 23 Sep,
2000
July 2
Yes
No
Vomiting
Yes
Lauan
Korovavala
July 10
No
Yes –
38.5°
Headache
No
4 Apr,
1995
Example 3
Line Listing regarding the Outbreak of Serious Birth Defects, 2002
Case
#
Age
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
15
16
14
18
19
17
16
15
20
19
15
18
16
15
16
16
15
16
20
15
Birth
Defect
Present
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
Delivery
Date
1/01
1/14
2/02
3/07
4/15
4/20
5/1
5/06
6/02
6/20
7/04
7/19
8/01
8/05
9/10
10/20
11/25
11/30
12/10
12/28
Exposed
to
Alcohol
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Exposed
to
Marijuana
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
Exposed
to
Accutane
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
Exposed
to an
STD
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Exposed
to
Tobacco
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Conclusion
• Line listing is integral to an outbreak
investigation
• Allows investigator to organize, store, and
analyze information
• Provides information about the source of the
outbreak, the disease involved, and populations
most likely to have been affected
• Helps create an epi curve for the outbreak
• Line listing is an important skill that can be
applied to a wide range of epidemiological
investigations
Question
1. Why is it important to make a line listing?
(check all that apply)
a) To organize information coming from
different sources
b) To better understand the nature and path of
an outbreak
c) To refine a case definition
d) To enable data sharing between different
investigators
Answer
1. Why is it important to make a line listing?
(check all that apply)
a) To organize information coming from different
sources
b) To better understand the nature and path of an
outbreak
c) To refine a case definition
d) To enable data sharing between different
investigators
•
Answer: All of the above are reasons why it is
important to make a line listing.
Question
2. When would it be appropriate to use an
identification (ID) number instead of a full
name?
a) When the line listing will only be used
internally
b) When the line listing will be shared with
other agencies
Answer
2. When would it be appropriate to use an
identification (ID) number instead of a full
name?
a) When the line listing will only be used internally
b) When the line listing will be shared with other
agencies
•
Answer: (b) It is appropriate to use an ID
number instead of a full name when the line
listing will be shared with other agencies. This
is to protect the confidentiality of the case
whose information is presented.
Question
3. What are some common sources of
information for a line listing?
(check all that apply)
a) Patient records
b) School attendance lists
c) Party guest lists
d) Survey data
e) Interviews
Answer
3. What are some common sources of
information for a line listing?
(check all that apply)
a)
b)
c)
d)
Patient records
School attendance lists
Party guest lists
Survey data
e) Interviews
• Answer: All of the above are common sources
of information for a line listing.
Question
4. In a line listing, the data should be
organized with:
a) Individual cases in each column and
variables in each row
b) Individual cases in each column and other
cases in each row
c) Variables in each column and other
variables in each row
d) Individual cases in each row and variables in
each column
Answer
4. In a line listing, the data should be organized
with:
a) Individual cases in each column and variables in
each row
b) Individual cases in each column and other cases in
each row
c) Variables in each column and other variables in
each row
d) Individual cases in each row and variables in each
column
•
Answer: (d) In a line listing, the data should be
organized with individual cases in each row
and variables in each column.
Question
5. To keep line listings simple
a) Eliminate variables
b) Include fewer cases
c) Use abbreviations or coding, with
accompanying key
Answer
5.
To keep line listings simple
a)
b)
c)
•
Eliminate variables
Include fewer cases
Use abbreviations or coding, with accompanying key
Answer: (a,c) To keep line listings simple, use
abbreviations or coding, with accompanying key.
Some variables may be eliminated as the case
definition is further refined, but it may be necessary to
keep the line listing broad in the beginning so that
potential contributors to the outbreak are not
overlooked. As many cases as possible should be
included in the line listing to enable better tracing or
the disease and to better understand potential sources
of the outbreak.
References
• Torok, M. and the FOCUS Workgroup. Case
finding and line listing: a guide for investigators.
Focus on Field Epidemiology. 1(4):1-6. Available
at: http://nccphp.sph.unc.edu/focus/issuelist.htm.
Accessed December 5, 2007.
• Nair, Alison. Public health measurement.
PowerPoint presentation for the CDC
Ambassador Program; June, 2004.