Transcript Document

Cost effective hydrogen
transport and emissions
reduction
Amanda Lyne Green Fleet Scotland 2015
“Hydrogen Miles TODAY”
• Direct replacement of hydrocarbon fuel with hydrogen
• Uses combustion technology (reduces technical risk and cost)
• No need to change duty cycle
• No range anxiety (diesel is always available when hydrogen is not)
• Wide range of vehicles possible NOW
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Light Commercial vehicles
Mini buses
HGV
Agricultural vehicles
What is H2ICED™?
• Conversion of diesel engines to enables
dual fuel operation incl.:
• Tanks, pipework, engine control and safety
systems
• 180-270 miles range on hydrogen
depending on how much is stored on
board
• The TRANSIT version gives 59g/km CO2
with NOx EURO 5 or 6 (depending on the
base vehicle)
• Post registration VSO
Ultra Low Emission results (59g/km) for
TRANSIT light commercial vehicle
ISO15550 Power & Torque
388
Torque (Nm)
380
Approx. 45% H2
115
120
110
360
100
340
90
320
80
Approx. 70% H2
300
70
Torque
280
60
Ford Torque
260
50
Power
240
Ford Power
40
220
Approx. 95% H2
30
200
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Engine Speed (RPM)
3500
4000
20
4500
Power (kW)
400
Full ULEV capability
• The TRANSIT Range
• Panel Vans, Luton and Flat bed
• Medium and long wheel base
• Rear wheel drive
• Mini Buses
• 12-18 seat configurations
• Mobility options incl. wheel chair lift
Ultra Low Emission Zone Enabled
35% improved energy efficiency in real world
journey
Total day trip mileage of 85 miles in “ECO
Mode” with average speed at 17.3 mph
• Actual data showed 46.2 miles/kg for
Hydrogen alongside 103 mpg Diesel.
Equivalent to 39mpg
• Diesel only trip was 25.4 mpg
• Total energy use = 4245 kJ/mi v Diesel
only 6593 kJ/mi
Gave 35% operational saving (attributed
to speed limiter and more efficient use
of energy)
“Supervisory Approach” for any diesel vehicle
• Determine options for amount of hydrogen on board storage
• Assess duty cycle; identify key emission reduction requirement;
determine weight and space limitations
• Estimate on board hydrogen storage capacity
• Determine budget versus results requirement
• Design specific, safely engineered solution
• One off design for vehicle type
• One off engine calibration exercise
• Install “optimised for use” hydrogen system
• Full ECU controlled system or supervisory
approach
• Supply VSO registered vehicle for use
Cost versus emission reduction
• All low carbon vehicles are “low volume”
• EVEN battery EV and hybrids!
• Which generally means higher capital cost
• Current fuel use does NOT pay for the environmental and health
costs
• At best this is paid for through our national expenditure
• How will the Air Quality fines be allocated?
• Low carbon can mean operational saving
• Efficient fuel use
• Alternative fuel use
• Lower local emissions
Introducing future opportunities:
Route to delivering better than Stage 6 NOx for any diesel vehicle
City
Driving
Range
Hydrogen refuelling
Infrastructure
• Access to hydrogen refuelling
increasing over the next 18
months
• Either through on-site depot
(back to base) investment for
refuelling from
renewables/delivered H2
• “Mobile” refuelling
• National or UK infrastructure
investments
Current or
Planned
HRS
Existing
Limited access
2015
UK H2
Mobility
Phase 1
(65 stations)
Ambition for a national
network by 2020
© UK H2Mobility Project
In summary
• Hydrogen combustion hybrids:
• Deliver SIGNFICANT carbon dioxide emission
reduction
• Meets or exceed Air Quality emissions
• Proven technology (21 vans on the road
in the UK)
• Diesel is always available if H2 is not
• Operational benefits
• Fuel use efficiency savings
• LEZ enabled
• Reduction of DPF issues in stop/start urban
drive cycles
• No reduction of payload capacity needed