Transcript Slide 1

Gender Budgeting In Local
Governments
Presented by:
Rita Rachele Dandavino, Coordinator, Metropolis Women International Network,
Sharon Whitmore, Deputy Director of Finance, Fulton County, GA, USA
Cheryl Estes, Program Manager,HHS, Fulton County, GA, USA
March 23, 2010
Réseau international Femmes de Metropolis
Metropolis Women International Network
1 de Metropolis
Red internacional Mujeres
© 2010 – Fulton County
Session ObjectivesTo become familiar with gender budgeting
terms, principles, and concepts
To understand the application of gender
budgeting and the relationship to
performance outcomes/indicators.
To clarify roles of budget analyst and
department staff in budget process
2
© 2010 – Fulton County
What is Gender Equality?
Men and Women have equal conditions for realizing
their full human rights
Men and Women are able to contribute to and benefit
from economic, social, cultural, and political
development in their countries
Includes the concept of society valuing the similarities
and the differences of men and women and the roles
they play
Based on the concept that men and women being full
partners in their home, community, workplace,
society, and market/economy
3
© 2010 – Fulton County
What is Gender Mainstreaming?
Assesses true implications of government
legislation, policies, programs, or actions on
women, men, girls, and boys
Makes the interests of women and men central
to all governmental activity
Ensures each gender benefits equally and
inequality is not perpetuated
Can be used in non-governmental settings i.e.
private industry, non-profit, academic settings
4
© 2010 – Fulton County
What is Gender Analysis?
Strategic Planning with a Gender Focus
o set goals or objectives
o collect and analyze disaggregated data
o develop options and choose the best
o create an action plan
o evaluate outcomes
Input of stakeholder requirements and
perspectives is critical
5
© 2010 – Fulton County
What is Gender Analysis?
(cont’d)
Requires research:
gender disaggregated data,
clients input/feedback to truly understand their
needs, interests and actual requirements
Also data re: other social identities (race/ethnicity,
socio-economic, health indicators)
Identifies:
Program/policy strengths and weaknesses
Strategies to improve weak areas
6
© 2010 – Fulton County
Government Budgets:
What They Really Say
Statement of
Value and
Priorities
Presented in
aggregates
without
gender
reference
Important
economic
policy
instrument
7
7
© 2010 – Fulton County
Government Budgets and
Gender Perspective
Gender Neutral
vs
Gender Blind
Money has no color……has no gender
8
© 2010 – Fulton County
Understanding
Gender Blindness
Gender blindness defined: the
unintended impact of budget policies
due to economic and social differences
between men and women
How do you correct these impacts?
9
© 2010 – Fulton County
Correcting Gender
Blindness
I. Gender Mainstreaming
II. Gender Analysis
III. Gender Budgeting
10
© 2010 – Fulton County
What is Gender Budgeting
A term used to describe
the application of a budget
process that incorporates
a gender perspective.
Sometimes referred to as:
• Women’s budgets
• Gender budgets
• Gender sensitive
budgets
• Gender responsive
budgets
11
© 2010 – Fulton County
Common Misconceptions of
Gender Budgeting
Not the development of separate
budgets for women
Not meant to precisely balance
spending between men and women
Not intended to increase overall
government spending
12
© 2010 – Fulton County
What is a Gender Budget?
A budget that accounts for the effects of
a government’s expenditures and
revenues on both women and men and
girls and boys.
An instrument for holding government
accountable to its gender equality
commitments
13
© 2010 – Fulton County
Objectives of
Gender Budgets
Highlight the gap between policy and
programming
Promote the spending of public money in
more gender equitable ways
Provide for informed participation of
disadvantaged and excluded classes
End Gender Blindness in budgets
14
14
© 2010 – Fulton County
An Example of What a Gender
Budget Can Tell Us
A gender budget can pinpoint what the
different impact will be on men and women
when specific services are funded or when
budget cuts are made
For example, reductions in government
health care spending are likely to increase
the time that women spend in care-related
activities more so than for men
15
15
© 2010 – Fulton County
Why prepare a gender
budget?
Improve economic equality
Increase output and improve
development of individual capabilities
Improve effectiveness, efficiency,
accountability, and transparency of
government budgets
Provides a means for citizen
engagement
16
© 2010 – Fulton County
Where to Start
Consider preparing a gender budget
statement to demonstrate:
Department intentions for gender equality
Signs that budgets are following the
commitment to gender equity
It is completed after departments have
submitted budget requests. It is a “post
mortem” report that can result in changes
to the budget process in future years
17
© 2010 – Fulton County
The Relationship Between the
Budget Process and a Gender
Budget Statement
A gender budget statement can be
prepared even if the budget process
does not yet have a fully integrated
gender perspective
Budget guidelines can require
departments to prepare a gender
budget statement
18
© 2010 – Fulton County
What a Budget Statement
Should Do
Provide the mission of the Department
Address key gender issues/challenges
Answer several questions;
1. Where is most of the money going? Who benefits
ultimately?
2. Are there budget items that specifically target women or
men, boys or girls? What proportion of the budget goes
to these items?
3. Which programs are most important for gender equality?
This question is important for large item expenditures
(e.g., child care) as well as lower cost expenditures (e.g.,
sexual harassment training). How much is being spent
on these services/programs?
4. What further information would you need to do this
analysis well? What data? How to collect it?
5. Who gives input to the department budget?
19
© 2010 – Fulton County
Gender Budgeting Case Study 1:
Fulton County, Georgia, USA:
Integrating Gender into the Four Phases
of the Budget Process
20
© 2010 – Fulton County
Fulton County, Georgia
Fulton County, Georgia
Population 1,014,932
ATL
Countywide Services :
Courts, Jail,
Health and Human Service
Libraries
Georgia
City of Atlanta
Population 537,958
Citywide services:
Police , Fire, Emergency
911, Permit, Inspections,
Parks and Recreation
FULTON COUNTY
21
© 2010 – Fulton County
The Budget Cycle
The Four Stages:
I. Budget Preparation
II. Budget Approval
III. Budget Execution
IV. Audit and Evaluation
22
© 2010 – Fulton County
Stage I: Budget Preparation
Who prepares the budget:
The executive branch of
government
Elected boards and commissions
A finance or budget office
23
© 2010 – Fulton County
Budget Preparation Process
Budget guidelines
(calls) sent to
departments
Finance office
provides assistance
and guidance
Budget submitted to
legislative body for adoption
Finance office works
with departments to
made final
recommendations
Finance office
provides support
during budget
deliberations
Departments prepare
and submit budget
requests
24
© 2010 – Fulton County
Stage II: Budget Approval
In the U.S. legislative bodies:
Review budget recommendations
Conduct public hearings
Advertise proposed budgets
Have final approval
25
© 2010 – Fulton County
Stage III: Budget Execution
Departments carry
out their approved
budgets
Funds are spent
and services are
delivered
Spending must
proceed in
accordance with the
department’s
approved budget
26
© 2010 – Fulton County
Stage IV: Audit & Evaluation
Occurs after the end of the fiscal year
Several methods can be used:
Financial Audits
Performance Audits
Performance Measures
27
© 2010 – Fulton County
The Fulton County
Budget Process
The Fulton County Budget Process has the
four stages previously discussed:
I. Budget Preparation
II. Budget Approval
III. Budget Execution
IV. Audit and Evaluation
The Fulton County Gender Initiative
is impacting all phases of the budget
process
28
© 2010 – Fulton County
Fulton’s Process
POLITICAL
WILL
2007 Gender
Equality Policy
LEGAL
COMPLIANCE
WITH
BUDGET LAW
EQUITABLE
RESOURCE
ALLOCATION
29
© 2010 – Fulton County
Initiative Timeline
SEPTEMBER 2007
• Policy Adoption
• Created Task Force
• Hired Consultant
NOV.-DEC.2008
• 2009 Proposed Budget
submitted
• Intensive gender budgeting
training
NOVEMBER 2007
• Selected 5 pilot programs
• Initial training for pilot
programs and task force
•
•
•
•
Dec.2008-JAN.2009
• Final budget approval
FEB.-APR.2009
• First 5 pilots execute
corrective action plans and
track results
• Second 5 pilots collect data
and conduct gender
analysis
DEC.2007-Aug.2008
5 Pilot programs conduct
gender analysis
2009 Budget Instructions
released with gender
perspective included
5 additional pilot programs
selected
Department head training
30
AUGUST 2009
• 2010 Budget Instructions
released with gender
perspective included
© 2010 – Fulton County
Stage I.
Fulton’s Budget Preparation
The Budget Commission adopts budget guidelines
and schedule
The Budget Commission is the Chairman of the
Board of Commissioners, the County Manager and
the County Finance Director
FY 2009 budget instructions and forms were
distributed in July and August, 2008
FY2010 budget instructions and forms were
distributed in August 2009
31
© 2010 – Fulton County
Budget Guidelines Change
for FY 2009
Initiated outcome
based budgeting
approach
Gender was explicit in
one element of Fulton
County’s budget
guidelines
Departments required
to submit program
summary forms for FY
2009 that included
gender-based data
32
© 2010 – Fulton County
Form A-1: Gender-Specific
Language
Department:
Division/Unit:
Program/Service/Function:
Budget Lines:
Please quantify the number and type of customers served by
this program annually (e.g. 5,000 small businesses; 250
nonprofit organizations; 500 youth ages 11-18). Include gender
if available. If gender data are not available, what measures
would be needed to collect such data?
Describe the impact on customers if the County was to
discontinue this program/service and customers must receive
services from other providers. Do you think the impact will
differ on men, women, boys and girls?
Is there a difference in the outcomes of programs between
men, women, boys and girls?
33
© 2010 – Fulton County
Budget Instructions for
FY 2009:
Budget Reductions
Departments were required
to prepare budget reduction
forms
No specific references to
gender impacts were
required on reduction forms
34
© 2010 – Fulton County
Budget Instructions for
FY 2009:
Budget Enhancements
Departments complete a
Spending Enhancement
Request if needed
No specific references to
gender were included in the
Enhancement Forms
35
© 2010 – Fulton County
Stage I.
Department Requests
Prepared and Submitted
FY 2009 requests
due by July 31, 2008
FY 2010 requests
due by Sept 22, 2009
36
© 2010 – Fulton County
Stage II. Budget Adoption
Annual public hearings
held in commission
districts.
The Board adopts tentative budget
Final Public Hearing and budget
approval before the end of January
Gender Impact Reports submitted
Pilot departments notified of final
budgets allocations
37
© 2010 – Fulton County
Stage III. Budget Execution
A expenditures are subject to annual
appropriation.
Departments have some
discretion to move money
among approved uses.
38
© 2010 – Fulton County
Stage III.
Gender Equality Pilot Activities
for FY2008 (Feb. – Apr. 2008)
First 5 pilot departments conducted
gender analysis of selected programs
Identified gender-related service delivery
disparities
Identified corrective actions to close or
eliminate disparities
39
© 2010 – Fulton County
Stage III.
Pilot Program Gender Equality
Activities For
FY2009 (Feb. – Apr. 2009)
Executed corrective plans to address
gender disparities in selected program
Track programs submitted for gender
analysis
Collect data and conduct gender analysis
on selected programs
40
© 2010 – Fulton County
Stage IV.
Audit and Evaluation
in Fulton County
Routine audits of Fulton County
programs and departments
No requirements for specific
program evaluation
41
© 2010 – Fulton County
Stage IV.
Pilot Program
Gender Equality Activities for
FY 2008 (May-June 2008)
Developed gender analysis reports
On a voluntary basis, some of the first
5 pilot departments identified
additional programs for gender
analysis
42
© 2010 – Fulton County
Stage IV.
Gender Equality Pilot Program
Activities for
FY2009 (May - Jun. 2009)
All pilot departments will develop
gender analysis reports and prepare to
use the report information in their FY
2010 budget preparation
43
© 2010 – Fulton County
2010 Changes
Continue implementation of outcome based
budgeting
Submit a Request for Results form (RFR)
rather than the Form A and A-1
Performance measurement data is
integrated in the RFR and can be gender
specific
Pilot programs will continue to submit
separate reports
Collaborative work life balance pilot in 2010
44
© 2010 – Fulton County
Performance-Based
Budgeting Can Help to
Direct Attention to Gender
Shows link between budgets and outputs
or outcomes. i.e., results
Allocation is oriented at
achieving specific objectives
and results
45
© 2010 – Fulton County
Performance-Based
Budgets
Relate the costs of labor, materials, and
other budget expenditures to results
Measure both the efficiency and
effectiveness of
resource utilization
46
© 2010 – Fulton County
Relating Gender
Budgeting to
Performance Outcomes
Implementation of performance-based
budgeting has been “gender blind”
Government policy priorities generally
do not include gender equality as a
major stated priority
47
© 2010 – Fulton County
How to Add a
Gender Dimension
Include gender sensitive indicators
The usefulness of gender indicators
lies in their ability to point to changes
in the status and roles of women and
men over time, and
therefore to measure
whether gender equity
is being achieved.
48
© 2010 – Fulton County
Developing Gender
Indicators
Link with policy goals
Have clearly defined principles of
measurement, concepts,
definitions, and classifications
Monitor progress over time
49
© 2010 – Fulton County
Example of Gender
Indicator: Mental Health
Fulton County Goal: Health and Human Services
Objective: Increase access to behavioral health treatment
Gender-Indicator: Service Access
Measure: # and % of women/men/boys/girls with serious
illness receiving treatment
Indicator: Gender sensitivity of diagnostic protocols and
effectiveness of treatment
Measure: # of women/men/boys/girls receiving treatment and
% of women/men/boys/girls improving as result of treatment.
50
© 2010 – Fulton County
Fulton’s Process Includes:
Outcome based budgeting
Gender perspective
Countywide with specific targeted
pilot programs
Performance measurements
imbedded in budget requests which
can be gender specific
51
© 2010 – Fulton County
Fulton County Case Study
The 2009 Budget Cycle:
Our first attempt at developing a budget with
a gender focus
Five pilot programs were comprehensively
reviewed
All departments were requested to submit
budget requests with gender data
52
© 2010 – Fulton County
Fulton County Case Study
The 2010 Budget Cycle:
Five additional pilot programs were
comprehensively reviewed
All departments were requested to submit budget
requests with gender data through the RFR’s
Performance measures imbedded in budget request
forms
Gender impact reports submitted on reductions
53
© 2010 – Fulton County
Lessons Learned from
Gender Budgeting
in Fulton County and Around the World
54
© 2010 – Fulton County
Lessons Learned
Must have a champion
Establish clear objectives for the initiative
Imbed Gender Equality everywhere possible
Insure budget instructions are clear, concise
and consistent
Address Gender Budgeting at every stage of
the budget process
55
© 2010 – Fulton County
Lessons Learned
Gender equality should be included in:
performance measurements/indicators in the
future
expected outcomes as well
Must become a basic tenet of budgeting to
be successful.
56
© 2010 – Fulton County
Lesson Learned
Develop an extensive and intensive
training program
Who needs to be trained
What level training is needed
When is the training going to have the
greatest impact
How will you train
57
© 2010 – Fulton County
Lessons Learned
Make sure you train before you ask
departments to do anything.
It isn’t easy and it does take time.
Do whatever you can that works for
your organization.
A good starting point is a gender
budget statement.
58
© 2010 – Fulton County
Group Exercises
Gender Governance Worksheet
Small group discussion
Report of group discussions
Wrap and conclusion
59
© 2010 – Fulton County
Discussion
Questions and open discussion
Contact us at
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
www.fultongenderequality.com
60
© 2010 – Fulton County