Transcript Slide 1

True or False
The Middle East has more oil
than any other region in the
world.
The Impact of Oil and Middle East Wars
Countries in North Africa and the
Persian Gulf export more oil than
most other countries in the world.
The control of oil reserves has been
an issue in many of the wars fought in
the Middle East during the 20th
century.
Many countries have been involved in
wars in the Middle East.
Oil Reserves in SW Asia
True or False
The United States is a
member of OPEC.
OPEC
OPEC = Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries
Members include: Saudi Arabia,
Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, Qatar, United Arab
Emirates, Venezuela
In 1979__________
took
Saddam __________
Hussein
control of the government. He was a very
harsh ruler of the country who limited
personal freedoms of the countries people,
media, and even had many of his political
enemies executed.
Persian Gulf War
The Persian Gulf War was a war between
Iraq and a group of about thirty other
nations.
Iraq accused Kuwait of stealing oil by
drilling under the border between the two
countries.
Iraq invaded Kuwait in August of 1990,
under the direction of Iraqi President
Saddam Hussein.
The Iraqi army took control of Kuwait in a
very short amount of time.
Who did Iraq invade in 1990?
A)Iran
B)Kuwait
C)Oman
D)Israel
The UN responded to the Iraqi invasion by
demanding that Iraq withdraw its troops
from Kuwait.
The UN used the Iraqi economy to try to
convince the country to withdraw.
They did this by cutting off trade to the
country. (an embargo)
Iraq did not withdraw.
Many citizens of Kuwait fled the country
during the Iraqi occupation.
The US and other countries began sending
troops to Saudi Arabia over the next few
months.
The UN set a date for Iraq to leave Kuwait.
Iraq rejected this date and refused to back down.
The Iraqis remained in Kuwait after the date.
The US and other nations attacked the Iraqi forces
in January of 1991 (Operation Desert Storm). The
Iraqi army was defeated in less than two months.
Iraq was then directed to destroy all weapons of
mass destruction (WMDs).
How did the UN try to convince Iraq to
withdraw from Kuwait?
A) By attacking Iraq
B) By holding peace talks
C) By stopping trade
D) By arresting government officials
Iraq after the
Persian Gulf War
•Saddam remained defiant in the years following the
war. He allowed weapons inspectors into the country
for a very short time before he started denying access.
•His actions made it look as though he was still
stockpiling WMD’s.
What was the name of the war that
began when Iraq invaded Kuwait
A) Persian Gulf War
B) Operation Iraqi Freedom
C) Operation Kuwaiti Freedom
D) Oil War
US Invasion of Afghanistan
On September 11, 2001, al-Qaeda attacked targets in
the US.
Al-Qaeda is a group of radical Islamic terrorists based
largely in Afghanistan.
They Hijacked four airplanes and crashed two of then
into the World Trade Center in New York.
The third airplane crashed into the Pentagon in
Virginia, and the fourth crashed in rural Pennsylvania,
before reaching its intended target of the White House
or US Capital.
These terrorist attacks killed nearly 3,000
people.
What country were the 9/11
Hijackers from?
15 were from Saudi Arabia
1 was from Egypt
1 was from Lebanon
2 were from UAE
What group was behind the
9/11 bombings?
A) Saddam Hussein and his troops
B) Al-Qaeda
C) Hamas
D) Hezbollah
Where is Al-Qaeda largely
based now?
A) Iran
B) Iraq
C) Saudi Arabia
D) Afghanistan
Investigations into the attack have named
Osama bin Laden as its organizer.
US President Bush called on other
countries to help wage war on terrorism.
The first goal of those nations that joined
the US was to find bin Laden, whom they
believed to be in Afghanistan,
even though most of the people
carrying out the attacks were from
Saudi Arabia or the UAE.
So far bin Laden has not been
captured
True or False
The United States has caught Osama
Bin Laden
In October 2001, US and British troops
invaded Afghanistan in search of bin
Laden.
They bombed places where bin Laden
was known to be.
Millions of people from Afghanistan were
homeless because of the many wars that
have taken place in their country.
After the invasion, more than 3 million
refugees returned to their
homes.
The US-led forces still
struggle to control portions
of the country.
Operation Iraqi Freedom
In 2003, the US launched an
invasion of Iraq, after claiming that
the Iraqi government, led by
Saddam Hussein, was developing Weapons of
Mass Destruction (WMD’s) – nuclear or chemical
weapons, and offering aid to groups like al-Qaeda,
who were a threat to US interests in the region.
The government of Saddam Hussein collapsed
quickly because many of the Iraqis felt he was a
cruel leader.
However, problems followed as the US did not
have a plan ready to help reorganize the country
once the old government was gone.
Who did the US believe was
making WMDs?
A)Osama Bin Laden
B) Saddam Hussein
C) King Hussein
D) King Abdullah
True or False
Saddam Hussein was involved in the
planning of 9/11
American forces have remained in Iraq ever since,
trying to stop the fighting between the different
religious and ethnic groups who are competing with
each other for power as they try to organize a new
government.
All combat troops left a few weeks ago.
What war began after 9/11,
in 2001?
A) Persian Gulf War
B) Iran/Iraq War
C) Operation Enduring Freedom
D) Operation Iraqi Freedom
What war began because
Saddam Hussein led the
world to believe he was
making WMDs?
A) Persian Gulf War
B) Iran/Iraq War
C) Operation Enduring Freedom
D) Operation Iraqi Freedom
What war began when Iraq
invaded Kuwait because of
oil?
A) Persian Gulf War
B) Iran/Iraq War
C) Operation Enduring Freedom
D) Operation Iraqi Freedom