Transcript Document
''UNSCR 1540 Civil Society Forum Opportunities for Engagement'' Maria Lorenzo Sobrado Terrorism Prevention Branch, UNODC Vienna, 8-10 January 2013 UNODC’s Role in Terrorism Prevention • Strong General Assembly mandates to assist Member States adhere to the international legal framework against terrorism; • Close cooperation with Security Council and other UN agencies; • Active participation in CT international and regional Fora (GICNT, GCTF). Strengthening the legal regime against terrorism • • • • • • Ratification and implementation of international CT conventions and implementation of UN Security Council resolutions; Harmonization of national laws with international obligations in the framework of the rule of law; Building national capacity to implement CT laws; Strengthening international cooperation; Building legal expertise in specialised areas (CBRN, Transportation security, Financing of Terrorism, Victims, Use of the Internet for Terrorist Purposes) Addressing complex legal issues arising from the links between terrorism and other crimes (illicit trafficking, money laundering, cyber crime, piracy etc). Resolution 1540 (2004) • Adopted under Chapter VII of the UN Charter • Inter alia, all States must adopt and enforce legislation prohibiting non-state actors to manufacture, acquire, posses, develop, transport, transfer or use: nuclear, chemical and biological weapons (WMD) means of delivery – In particular for terrorist purposes 4 International Legal Instruments against Terrorism United Nations Conventions Instruments related to civil aviation Maritime agreements IAEA Conventions 5 United Nations Conventions Convention on Prevention and Punishment of Crimes Against Internationally Protected Persons International Convention Against the Taking of Hostages International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings – International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism 6 Instruments related to civil aviation Convention on Offences and Certain other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft Convention for the Suppression of the Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports Serving International Civil Aviation Convention on the Marking of Plastic Explosives for the Purpose of Detection Convention on the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Relating to International Civil Aviation 2010 Protocol Supplementary to the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft 2010 7 Maritime agreements Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation + Protocol of 2005 to the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Satety of Fixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf + Protocol of 2005 to the Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Fixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf 8 IAEA Conventions Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material 2005 Amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material 9 Common points to the Conventions Establish offences Require States to criminalize offences Establish the principle aut dedere aut judicare = “either extradite or prosecute” Provide for international cooperation mechanisms 10 Is the incrimination of terrorism necessary? The Conventions Do not require the incrimination of the offence of “terrorism” Require the incrimination of certain offences independently of terrorist motivation The terrorist motivation may be considered as an aggravating circumstance 11 Impact Measurement 2003 - present: • 168 countries reached • 12,830 officials trained in CT legal aspects; • 125 sub-regional and regional workshops held • 24 technical assistance specialized tools/publications developed • 41 CTED country visits provided with TPB expert input/participation • On-going input provided to the Counter-Terrorism Implementation Task Force Sustainability • CT Legal Training Curriculum Module on international cooperation in criminal matters: mutual legal assistance and extradition in terrorist cases Module on the universal legal framework against terrorism • CT Learning Platform Online training courses; virtual community of practitioners; legal resources. In 2011, the training platform has been used to deliver six online training sessions, training 155 criminal justice officials and law enforcement officers, representing 28 countries worldwide*. • Tools and publications Examples of work with civil society • VERTIC • INSEN network • Universities Thank you! UNODC Terrorism Prevention Branch Maria Lorenzo Sobrado Focal Point for CBRN Terrorism P.O. Box 500 A - 1400 Vienna Austria Tel: + 43 1 26060 5433 Fax: + 43 1 26060 75433 Web: http://www.unodc.org E-mail: [email protected]