Transcript UNIT TWO
UNIT TWO Understanding Hazardous Materials HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 1 Potential Outcomes TRACEM • • • • • • Thermal (Fire and/or Explosion) Radiological Chemical exposure Asphyxiation (Oxygen Deficiency) Etiological (Biological Hazards) Mechanical HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 2 Thermal (Fire and/or Explosion) • Heat from a fire or the heat released by a chemical reaction • Extreme cold, such as liquefied gas or cryogenic liquids HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 3 Radiological ++ Alpha - Most damaging, but least penetrating Hazard – Internal Shielding – Paper, dead layer of skin, travels 1 to 2 cm in air Beta - Small particle; low penetration - Hazard - Primarily external, but also internal Shielding - Plastic, safety glasses, travels several feet in air HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 4 Radiological (cont.) Gamma / X - Highly penetrating Hazard - External - most external dose due to gamma Shielding - Lead, steel, concrete, thick layers of water • Neutron - Highly penetrating • Hazard - External - most external dose due to gamma • Shielding – plastic, water N HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 5 Asphyxiation • Oxygen Deficiency • Chemical Reaction THE RELEASE OF CERTAIN PRODUCTS (I.E. NITROGEN) CAN DEPLETE THE OXYGEN LEVEL BELOW SURVIVAL LIMITS. HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 6 Chemical • Toxic or poisonous effects • Destructive effects from the exposure of the chemical on human tissue HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 7 Etiological • Bacteria • Viruses Bacillus anthracis HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 8 Mechanical • Debris • Excessive percussion (Noise) HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 9 Routes of exposure • • • • Inhalation Ingestion Absorption Injection HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 10 Inhalation • • • • Nose Throat Trachea Lungs HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 11 Ingestion • • • • • Mouth Throat Esophagus Stomach Intestines HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 12 Absorption • Eyes • Skin HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 13 Injection • • • • Needles Projectiles Shards Nails HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 14 Exposure to Hazards • Acute • Chronic • Both types of exposures can have acute (immediate) and/or chronic (long term) effects. HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 15 Terrorist Events • Intentional release • Secondary devices • Inflict mass casualties HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 16 Terrorist Chemical Agents • • • • Choking Agents Blood Agents Blister Agents Nerve Agents The symptoms of these exposures can range from a runny nose to rapid death and are considered to be available to terrorist groups worldwide. HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 17 Emergency Medical Care Treatment only after emergency decon “Safety First” HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 18 Emergency Decon If a rescue is attempted and is successful • • • the victim and the rescuer should be flushed with copious amounts of water Strip their outer level of clothing await hazardous materials operations level responders to arrive THE RESCUER NOW BECOMES A VICTIM BECAUSE OF UNKNOWN HAZARD EXPOSURE!!! HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 19 UNIT TWO TEST HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 20