Transcript No Slide Title

The Present
Subjunctive
The Subjunctive
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Up to now you have been using verbs in the indicative mood, which is
used to talk about facts or actual events
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Aprendo francés para mi viaje.
Spanish has another way of using verbs called the subjunctive mood
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►
We use it to say what one person does or doesn’t want, tell, suggest, or
recommend someone else to do.
A sentence that includes the subjunctive form has two parts connected by the word
que.
For example:
The Subjunctive
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Quiero que tú respires lentamente.
 I want you to breathe slowly.
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Sugiero que bebas agua antes de correr.
 I suggest that you drink water before running.
You can also suggest more general or impersonal ideas using
expressions such as es necesario…es bueno…and es importante…,
followed by que and a form of the present subjunctive.
► Es necesario que hagas ejercicio.
 It’s necessary that you do exercise.
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Es importante que los jóvenes coman bien.
 It’s important that the young people eat well.
Verbos regulares
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We form the present subjunctive of most verbs the same way we
form negative tú commands.
We drop the -o of the present-tense indicative yo form and add the
subjunctive endings.
For -ar verbs:
e, es, e, emos, éis, en
For -er/-ir verbs:
a, as, a, amos, áis, an
SALTAR
Salte
Saltes
Salte
CONOCER
Conozca
Conozcas
Conozca
Saltemos
Saltéis
Salten
Conozcamos
Conozcáis
Conozcan
ThSpell changing verbs
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The present subjunctive has the same spelling changes and
irregular yo form changes used with the negative tú commands
and Ud./Uds. commands.
As in negative commands, irregular verbs that add a “g” to the
stem in the present-tense yo form also have a “g” in the present
subjunctive.
► Caerse
► Decir
► Hacer
► Poner
► Salir
► Tener
► Traer
me caigo
digo
hago
pongo
salgo
tengo
traigo
me caiga
diga
haga
ponga
salga
tenga
traiga
-car, -gar & -zar verbs
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Also verbs ending in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spell change in order
to maintain the original sound.
 Buscar
 Pagar
 Cruzar
busco
pago
cruzo
busque
pague
cruce
Verbos irregulares
► Memorize
this acronym:
► DISHES
►D
►I
►S
►H
►E
►S
Dar (dé, des, dé, demos, deis, den)
Ir
(vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan)
Ser (sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean)
Haber (haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayáis, hayan)
Estar (esté, estés, esté, estemos, estéis, estén)
Saber (sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan)
Verbos con cambio de raíz
You know that stem-changing verbs in the present indicative have a stemchange in all forms except nosotros and vosotros.
► Stem-changing verbs ending in -ar and -er have the same stem changes in
the subjunctive as in the indicative.
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AR
JUGAR (u > ue)
Juegue Juguemos
Juegues Juguéis
Juegue Jueguen
ER
PENSAR (e > ie)
Piense
Pienses
Piense
Pensemos
Penséis
Piensen
Stem changing verbs
► Other
verbs you know that follow these
patterns are:
 o...ue: contar, poder, volver, costar, probar(se), llover, doler
 e…ie: querer, sentarse, calentar, despertar(se), empezar, entender
Stem-changing verbs ending in -ir have changes in all forms
of the present subjunctive.
PEDIR (e > i)
Pida
Pidamos
Pidas Pidás
Pida
Pidan
DIVERTIRSE (e > ie), (e >
I)
DORMIR (o > ue), (o >
u)
Me divierta Nos
divirtamos
Duerma
Te divertas Os divirtáis
Se divierta Se diviertan
Durmamos
Duermas Durmáis
Duerma
Duerman
Other verbs you know that follow these patterns
are:
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o...ue: morir
e…ie: sentirse, preferir
e…i: reír, repetir, servir, vestir(se), seguir, conseguir
 Es necesario que pidas la llave.
 Queremos que se diviertan.
 Es bueno que duermas durante el vuelo.