Transcript What Is Heat? - Pleasant Valley High School

What Is Heat?
• Heat is a form of energy. It affects the
movement of molecules or particles
in matter.
• Heat energy is measured in units
called calories. Adding calories of
heat to matter will raise the
temperature of it.
Particles
moving faster
Particles In Matter
• All matter is made up of
tiny moving particles.
• The more energy matter
has, the faster the
particles move and the
matter becomes
Particles
warmer.
moving slower
• The slower the particles
move, the less energy
matter has, and the
cooler the matter is.
Heat and Temperature
• Temperature is a measure of
the speed of particles.
• Heat and temperature ARE
NOT the same things. Heat is
energy that causes the
particles to move at different
speeds, and temperature just
measures the speed of the
moving particles.
Measuring Temperature
• Temperature is
measured in
degrees Celsius
(oC)
Ice- 0oC
Pleasant Summer
Day- 27oC
Boiling water, or
coffee- 100oC
Which Has More Heat??
• The bathtub has
more heat. It has
more particles than
the teacup, therefore
it has more heat.
Boiling cup of soup
Same
Temp.
Boiling water
in a bathtub
• Conduction is the way
heat energy moves
through a solid.
•The particles of matter in
the heat source hit the
particles of matter in the
spoon. The particles in the
spoon that were hit begin
to vibrate faster. These
particles hit other particles
in the spoon, causing the
other particles to vibrate
HEAT SOURCE
faster and pass heat along
the spoon.
Conduction
Conductors and insulators
CONDUCTORS
• The molecules
are close together
• Heat energy can
easily move
through them
INSULATORS
• The molecules are
spaced far apart
• Heat energy
CANNOT move
easily through
them.
convection
•Convection is the way
heat energy moves
through a liquid or a gas.
•The fireplace heats
the air around it. Warm
air is less dense, or
lighter than cool air, so
it rises to the ceiling.
Cool air drops to the
floor since it is heavier,
to replace the warm air
that rose. In this way, a
room is heated by
convection.
Heat From Sunlight
• The sun gives off
rays other than
just light. These
invisible rays
transfer heat.
• The movement of
heat energy in
waves is called Other forms
of energy
radiation.
Light
energy
The Greenhouse Effect
• Waves of energy
from the sun travel
through the glass
roof of the
greenhouse. When
the waves strike
matter inside, they
change to heat. Heat
can’t escape back out
through the glass, so
it gets trapped
Chapter concepts
• Heat is a form of energy; it is the
vibration of particles in matter.
• Temperature is a measure of the speed of
particles.
• Heat energy is transmitted through solids
by conduction.
• Heat energy is transmitted through
liquids and gases by convection.
• Heat energy that moves in waves is
called radiation.
Important Vocabulary
Heat~
A form of energy; actually the vibration of
particles
Calorie~ The unit heat energy is measured in
Temperature~ A measure of the speed of particles
Degrees Celsius~ Units temperature can be
measured in
Conduction~ How heat energy moves through a solid
Insulator~
Material that doesn’t allow much heat
energy to pass through
Convection~ How heat energy moves through a liquid
or gas
Radiation~ The movement of heat energy in waves
Science words
• Heat energy moves in different ways
through different kinds of matter. The way
heat energy moves through a solid is called
conduction
________.
• Heat energy doesn’t move at the same
speed through all kinds of solids. Heat
energy can easily move through a type of
conductor
solid called a/an _________.
• Heat energy can’t move easily through
insulator
another type of solid called a/an ________.
• The way heat energy moves through
convection
liquids and gases is called __________.
• Heat energy also comes from waves of
energy from the sun. The movement of
heat energy in waves is called _________.
radiation
Word Bank
convection
conduction
insulator
conductor
radiation
Which has more heat?
• The soup in each bowl has the same
temperature. Which bowl of soup
contains more heat?
Insulator vs Conductor
CONDUCTOR
• Which are insulators?
What is the picture
remaining?
Just Remember...
• Keep studying and you’ll do fine.
This slide show was created by….
Nicole Cohen