Transcript Quadra Energy Systems (QES)

21st. Century
Global Challenges.

Global challenges in the 21st Century
 Natural resources are being exhausted.
 Petroleum – instability/uncertainty with cost
and supply
 Depletion/degradation of the Global
environment

Key values of BioEarth QES Technology
 Resource Recovery from waste.
 Energy Recovery from waste.
 Reduce some major threats to the environment.
 CO2 depletion
WHAT ‘The BioEarth QES’ CAN DO ?
Output Products:
Inputs:
Fuel Oil
Gas
BioEarth QES SYSTEM
Carbon/fertilizer
Organic Material
Recycling resource
TYPICAL APPLICATION RANGE
Used tires or waste rubber
Organic sludge
Waste wax,
Petroleum waste
Waste plastic
PP, PE, HDPE, PVC
Removal of electrical wire
insulation
Electronic Waste
Agricultural waste
Food waste
Landfill recovery
Organic waste
MSW*
Coal
Removal of mercury
from earth and sludge
Hospital Waste
Carbon black modification
Re-treatment of
Activated Carbon
*Municipal Solid Waste
SPECIFICATIONS OF
BioEarth QES SYSTEM
– Power Consumption: < 10KWH, 220V 3Phase
– Startup Diesel Oil Consumption: < 150L/2hr.
– First Stage Operating Temperature:
200C ~ 450C, Adjustable
– Second Stage Operating Temperature:
450C ~ 850C, Adjustable
– Water Consumption: 100L/hr
– Processing Rate: 1.5T/hr ~ 3T/hr
– Dimensions (L X W X H): 12m x 2.3m x 2.3m
– Maximum Condenser Processing Rate: 3000CMH
– Maximum Chamber’s Volume of Reactor: 2.8m3
– Maximum Size of Loading: D=300mm
PROCESS AND HEAT FLOW – DIAGRAM 1
 BioEarth QES combines a
two stage pyrolysis into one
system.
 BioEarth QES is an advanced
combination of thermal cracking and
steam cracking technologies.
 The first stage deals with energy
conversion.
 The second stage deals with the
removal of mercury and activated
carbon.
 The end products are:
 Fuel oil
 Carbon black / activated carbon
 Fuel gas
BioEa
rth
QES
PROCESS AND HEAT FLOW – DIAGRAM 2
Hot Gas
Screw loading
Oil & Gas & Steam
Super heater
Stage I Pyrolysis
Condenser
Oil Reactor
Gas Treatment
Stage II Pyrolysis
Heat Source
Mercury Removing
Activated Carbon Filter
Steam
Generato
r
OFF GAS
OIL FOR SALE
Screw unloading
Burner
FUEL GAS
CARBON BY-PRODUCT
FUEL OIL
CLEAN WATER
Oil Storage tank
Waste Water Treatment
Oil Re-treatment
Oil/Water
Separator
PROCESS AND HEAT FLOW – DIAGRAM 3
Off Gas
Waste Inlet
Ventilator
Oil Gas Retreat
Oil/Gas/Steam
Screw Loading
Pre-Heater
Heat Exchanger
Stage I Pyrolysis
SuperHeater
Stage II Pyrolysis
Heat Generator
Screw Unloading
Gas/ Oil Burner
Carbon Black
For Sales
Fuel Gas
From Condensers
Fuel Oil
Supply System
PROCESS AND HEAT FLOW – DIAGRAM 4
Oil Storage Tank
Waste Received from client
1.Mixed Plastic
2.Used tire chips
3.….etc.
Special loading machine
(3 ton/hour)
Oil sold to clients
1.textile industry
2.Fired Power station
conveyor
ECS2000C
Magnetic Selector
Waste Water treatment Tank
Steel Storage Tank
Special unloading machine
Dryer
Steel sold to
1. Steel Recycle Companies
Off gas from ECS2000S
Off gas exhauster
Grinder and Selectors, 300M mesh, Carbon Black
Carbon Black sold to
1.Rubber Companies
2.Plastic companies
3.Color material, like pigment
Pyrolytic Gas /Oil Treatment – DIAGRAM 5
Pyrolytic Gas / Oil/ Steam
De-Tar
Cooler
Oil Outlet
Stage II Condensing
Water/Oil Tank
Stage I Condensing
Scrubbing Cleaner
Cooling
Cyclone Filter
Activated Carbon
Filter
Fuel Gas
De-Tar
Dehumidifier
Water Supply
Water and Oil Treatment – DIAGRAM 6
Clean Water Tank
Water Treatment
Oil Inlet
from Condensers
Waste Water Tank
Startup Oil
To Burner
Ext-Water Inlet
Water/Oil Separator
Sludge Outlet
Oil Filter with Tank
Oil Filter
Oil Tank for Burner
Oil Tank
Fuel Oil for Sale
Energy Recovery
Efficiency
Efficiency > 85%
Off-Gas, 110C – 130C
Unique energy recovery and
conversion technologies
Energy efficiency as high as 85%
Water Preheat
Steam Generator
Stage I pyrolysis
Stage II pyrolysis
Heat Source 1000C
Pyrolytic Gas
Environmental Impact
 Non-combustible waste.
 Free of air pollution.
 Free of secondary pollution.
 Free of dioxin.
 No burning and no landfill requirements.
 Lower environmental impact than any other re-cycling method.
Fuel Oil - Quality
Ordinary diesel fuel
specifications
Flash Point
> 60℃
100℃
ASTM D92
-9℃
ASTM D97
4.22
ASTM D445
0.887
ASTM 4052
> 1%
< 0.75
ASTM D4294
< 0.1%
< 0.1%
ASTM D95
Mobile point
Dynamic viscosity: Kinematic
viscosity at 40℃
1.9 – 4.3
Density: / 25℃
Sulfur wt%
Water and sediments
BioEarth QES - Oil analysis
PS: (Cracking tires by BioEarth QES 500)
1. The results from the analysis of the SGS report
2. Flash point may be adjusted to meet local regulations.
3. Removes sulfur to less than 0.1% utilizing the desulfurization process.
Carbon - Quality
General carbon
black of tires
BioEarth QES - Analysis of the
results of carbon black
Surface area m2/g
10 - 70
> 84
Iodine value mg/g
10 - 40
> 156.8
ASTM 3495
> 5%
< 0.1%
ASTM D3495
< 1.5 – 3%
ASTM D4294
oil %
sulfur wt%
ASTM D3663
P.S: (Cracking tires)
1. Iodine value of the carbon black surface area, increases with processing time，
this may be adjusted by increasing process time and temperature.
2. Cracker project to test the processing time is 22min
3. The processing does not remove Sulfur.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES System
– Table 1
Ref
No.
1.
2.
Feedstock inputs and
methodology
Heat sources
BioEarth QES SYSTEM
Other Systems in Europe and the United
States
Continuous
Batch
Free of explosion. Most safety than
other system
Explosion and security concerns, air pollution
concern
Built in safety precautions to prevent
explosion or spontaneous combustion.
Explosion and safety concerns
Mixed heat sources
Single heat source
Gas, diesel, steam
Gas, diesel, infrared, microwave, electric wire
Continuous
3.
Pyrolysis and Heating
Process
Indirect + direct steam heating
Two stage process with steam
activated. The max process
temperature of second stage is up to
850C
Indirect heating
One stage process
Process temperature lower than 450C
4.
Cracking time for tire
Chips
< 10-15 min
>1.2hr
>35min
5.
Energy efficiency
> 85%
<30%
< 50%
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES System –
Table 2
Ref
No.
6.
Product
Quality
(a) Oil, sulfur
content
(b) Carbon
quality
BioEarth QES SYSTEM
Other Systems in Europe and the United
States
1. Light fuel oil like diesel oil
2. High quality carbon black
1. Heavy oil
2. bad quality carbon black
Low sulfur content, better quality,
high price
High sulfur content, low quality, low price
< 1%, can reach to 0.3% without
catalyst
> 2%
High quality, no oil content, high
iodine absorption rate, high
surface area,
Low quality, high oil content, low iodine absorption,
low surface area,
BET 120~800, Oil content <0.1%
meet N220 standard
BET <60, Oil content
> 1%, second waste
> 2%
BET<60, Oil content >1%
Second waste
7.
Operating Efficiency
1. Complete cracking
2. High-quality carbon black and
high prices for sale
3. Fast cracking time in 15
minutes
4. No need complete vacuum,
the system safe
1. Cracking incomplete
2. low-quality carbon black oil, can not be sold
3. Cracking requires longer time
4. Must be complete vacuum, as there are safety
concerns
8.
Application range
Multi-purpose, any kind of organic
material, mercury removing, coal …
etc.
Single purpose.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES System
Pyrolysis Methodology (The
process of using heat to
break
down
complex
substances
into
simpler
substances by the use of
heat)
BioEarth QES System
Competitor Pyrolysis
Systems
1. Feedstock Inputs and
methodology
The leading edge BioEarth QES system is
a continuous feedstock system which
operates under normal pressures making it
easier to control the explosive fuel gas
containing hydrogen and which is
discharged during the pyrolysis process.
This makes the BioEarth QES system
much safer than the traditional systems
used by BioEarth QES’s competitors which
operate under high pressures. Further
since the BioEarth QES system is
continuous, it does not have to be shut
down to cool the rising temperatures and
reduce the high pressures that are incurred
by the competitors who use the traditional
pyrolysis systems. Also since the BioEarth
QES system operates continuously, it does
not have to be shut down and therefore is
much more energy efficient than the batch
system used by some of BioEarth QES’s
competitors.
The Competitors use a batch system
(earliest developed pyrolysis system)
or a different version of the
continuous system which both
operate under high pressures. This
increases the danger of leakage in
the explosive fuel gas created in the
pyrolysis process, which increases
the risk and danger of explosion.
Further under the batch system the
operator can only reload the
feedstock once the pressures are
reduced and the high temperature is
cooled. This process of shutting
down the pyrolysis operation to
accommodate the cooling of
temperatures and reducing of
pressures the results in energy loss
and operation time, thereby making it
a much less efficient pyrolysis
system.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES System
Pyrolysis Methodology
BioEarth QES System
Competitor Pyrolysis Systems
The BioEarth QES system uses a
mixed heat source incorporating the
uses of gas, or diesel together with
steam. By incorporating the use of
steam the feedstock materials are
heated uniformly throughout as the
steam penetrates into the center of the
feedstock materials creating a more
uniform heated feedstock rather than
the single heat source used by
BioEarth QES’s competitors.
Further, once the pyrolysis process is
initiated in the BioEarth QES system,
fuel gas is created in the combustion
chamber which is captured, and the
dioxins, sulfur and other toxic materials
removed and the clean fuel gas is
reused as a fuel source for the
combustion chamber. In essence the
BioEarth QES system, once started,
creates its own fuel, thereby
eliminating the need for an external
The competitors use a single heat source which
chars the surface of the feedstock, but does not
penetrate effectively below the surface of the
feedstock material resulting in the internal
portions of the feedstock materials remaining
significantly cooler than the surface. This results
in incomplete cracking (the breakdown of
complex substances into smaller molecules
using heat) of the feedstock material. This
process results in a lower quality of carbon
black, making it unsalable.
The conventional competitor pyrolysis systems
simply burn off the fuel gas released, thereby
releasing dioxins and sulfur into the
(The process of using heat to
break
down
complex
substances
into
simpler
substances by the use of heat)
2. Heat Sources
fuel source.
atmosphere, creating an environmental hazard.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES System
Pyrolysis Methodology
BioEarth QES System
Competitor Pyrolysis
Systems
The BioEarth QES System uses a Two stage process
which is steam activated and uses an indirect heating
system incorporating direct steam heating. This system
results in a fast pyrolysis, short processing time,
minimal energy consumption, complete treatment of
the organic material, high quality by-products and a
safer pyrolysis process through the use of steam.
The BioEarth QES System can operate at a temperate
up to 850C in its second Stage. The reason a Two
stage process is required is that different organic waste
materials require different temperatures to treat them. It
is impossible to treat a wide range of organic
compounds in the stage One process. Although most
organic compounds can be cracked between 350C and
420C and 95% of organic compounds will be
decomposed to become fuel oil and fuel gas under
450C leaving 5% of the organic material unprocessed.
To treat the remaining 5% of organic material a higher
temperate is required, so a Two stage process is used
which can operate at temperatures up to 850C. To
crack used tires a suggested
The competitors use indirect
heating systems which operate
at processing temperature less
than 450C. As this method
does not effectively penetrate
heat into the internal feedstock
materials, a longer processing
time is required. Further, it often
results in an incomplete
treatment which results in a
lower quality of by-products.
Also
the
poor
thermal
conductivity of this process
requires
more
energy
consumption and reduces the
(The process of using heat to
break down complex
substances into simpler
substances by the use of heat)
3. Pyrolysis and Heating Process
safety of pyrolysis process.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES System
Pyrolysis Methodology
BioEarth QES System
Competitor Pyrolysis Systems
(The process of using heat
to break down complex
substances
into
simpler
substances by the use of
heat)
3. Pyrolysis and Heating
Process (continued)
temperature of 500C and 600C for coal
is required in the Second Stage of the
BioEarth QES system. These are
temperatures that the competitor’s
single heat source systems do not
achieve.
4. Cracking Time for Tire Chips
The BioEarth QES system takes
approximately 2 minutes to completely
decompose 10cm2 of used tire chips to
fuel oil and fuel gas at 400C. The
standard cracking time for tire chips is
less than 10 – 15 minutes.
The traditional indirect heat system alone used
by the competitors takes in excess of 8 minutes
to decompose 10cm2 of used tire chips. The
standard cracking time for the conventional
batch system is greater than 1.2 hours and
greater than 35 minutes for the conventional
continuous system for each ton of feedstock
inputs.
5. Energy Efficiency
The BioEarth QES system operates at
an energy efficiency exceeding 85%
The competitor batch systems operate at an
efficiency level of less than 30%. The traditional
continuous competitor systems operate at an
efficiency level of less than 50%.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES System
Pyrolysis
Methodology
BioEarth QES System
Competitor Pyrolysis
Systems
The BioEarth QES system uses steam to
produce a light fuel oil similar to diesel fuel
containing less than 1% sulfur and can achieve
sulfur content as low as 0.3% without the use of
a catalyst. This lower sulfur content oil
commands a higher selling price. Further the
BioEarth QES system produces less Tar sand
than the competitors systems making BioEarth
QES’s products more attractive to the Buyers.
The BioEarth QES system produces a carbon
black with less than 0.1% oil content which
meets the N220 or N330 carbon black
specifications and has a BET rating or 120-800
(“Adsorption Surface Area”). The resulting
carbon black has a high iodine absorption rate
and high surface area making it a desirable Byproduct. The fact that there is indiscernible
amount of oil is significant because carbon black
cannot have oil content as the oil will cause a
chemical reaction and affect the process in
plastic or rubber production. If carbon black
contains an oil compound it will burn and cannot
be sold.
The competitors using the traditional
pyrolysis systems cannot normally
produce oil having a sulfur content of
less than 2 % without the use of
catalysts. Further the competitors’
traditional pyrolysis systems cause a
tar sand problem and produce dirty oil.
(The process of using heat to
break
down
complex
substances
into
simpler
substances by the use of heat)
6. Product Quality
(a) Oil, sulfur content
(b) Carbon Quality
The competitors using the traditional
systems cannot produce a carbon
black having less than 1% oil content
which makes for a non saleable
carbon waste with a BET rating of less
than 60. Further the iodine absorption
and surface area are low.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES System
Pyrolysis Methodology
BioEarth QES System
Competitor Pyrolysis Systems
7. Operating Efficiencies
The BioEarth QES system is a total
cracking system producing a high
quality carbon black for sale which is in
high demand. Further the fast cracking
time of less than 15 minutes increases
the efficiency of operation over that of
the competitors. Further the BioEarth
QES system does not require a total
vacuum like that of our competitors
which makes the BioEarth QES system
a safer operating system than that of
our competitors.
The competitors using the traditional pyrolysis
systems result in an incomplete cracking of
feedstock. This produces a low quality of carbon
black which contains an unacceptable level of
oil, with a low iodine absorption surface area
such that this product cannot be sold. Further
the cracking times for the traditional systems
are greater than 30 minutes and require a total
vacuum during the cracking process. As a result
these systems have more safety concerns than
the BioEarth QES system.
8. Application Range
The BioEarth QES system is multipurpose using any kind of organic
material, coal etc, and can remove
mercury and other toxic substances.
The competition using the traditional pyrolysis
systems are single purpose and lack the
The BioEarth QES system requires no
waste burning and is free of airpollution and carcinogenic dioxins.
There are no secondary pollutants.
The competition requires a landfill for the waste
carbon and some traditional systems have a
high degree of air and dioxin pollution. Further a
secondary pollutant resulting from the traditional
pyrolysis systems is slag-dust.
(The process of using heat
to break down complex
substances
into
simpler
substances by the use of
heat)
9. Environmental Impact
flexibility of the BioEarth QES system.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES System
Pyrolysis Methodology
BioEarth QES System
Competitor Pyrolysis Systems
10. By Products
The By-products of the BioEarth QES
system are gas, oil, steam recovery,
power, carbon black, fertilizer and
metal recovery depending on the
feedstock input materials used.
The traditional pyrolysis systems only have
Power and steam as By-products and these are
only generated from large scale pyrolysis
systems.
11. Operating cost
(US$/ton)
The operating cost of the BioEarth
QES system is below 30 dollars per
ton.
The competitors using the traditional pyrolysis
systems have operating costs in excess of 150
dollars per ton.
12. Extra Environmental Costs
The pyrolysis operations of the
BioEarth QES system produce no air
pollution and require no land fill for
disposable of waste materials.
The competitors using the traditional pyrolysis
systems incur high costs for air pollution control
and land fill charges for disposal of waste
materials.
13. Projected Pay Back on
Investment
Less than 2 years after
commencement of production.
The Competitors high capital cost (exceeding
$5,000,000 USD) and higher operating costs
result in a Pay-back period exceeding 7 years
from the commencement of production.
(The process of using heat
to break down complex
substances
into
simpler
substances by the use of
heat)
Comparative
Analysis
Thermal radiation
Steam intrusion initiative
Traditional cracking technology (Thermal radiation)
 Disadvantages:
 Cracking a long time (10 – 30min, 10cm2 tire chips)
 Cracking incomplete
 Tar sand problem
 Low-quality carbon black and dirty oil
 Iodine absorption surface area low
 High vacuum required
BioEarth QES System (Thermal radiation and Steam)
Advantages:
 Complete cracking
 Less Tar sand produced than all other systems
 High surface area and iodine absorption rate
 Oil without carbon dust
 Cracking time (2 - 5min)
 Minimal vacuum required
Comparative Analysis (Continued)
Traditional cracking technology
Reaction of oil and gas composition before condensing
Fuel Gas (C1 – C4), about 15% to 18%
H2, about 3.5%
AIR
Fuel Oil vapor (C5 – C40), 80%
Must be high vacuum , explosion concerns
BioEarth QES Energy conversion technology
Reaction of oil and gas composition before condensing
Fuel Gas (C1 – C4), about 8% - 10%
H2, about 2%
Fuel Oil vapor (C5 – C22), 50%
Water Steam H2O, up to 40%
Built in safety – No risk of combustion
Steam protection
Anticipated Gross Margin from a variety of products
PERFORMANCE OF One BioEarth QES2000S System In Waste Treatment (10,000 Tons per year)
Expense per ton (US$) Income per ton (US$)
Net
Net Profit
Profit
Item
Country
Profit
Carbon
(per year)
Margin
Raw Material Operating Fuel Oil
(per ton)
Black
China
$155
$12
$150
$195
$179
$1,785,344
51.7%
Waste Rubber
Used Tire Chips Taiwan
$47
$30
$150
$195
$269
$2,686,250
77.8%
China
$47
$12
$225
$0
$166
$1,661,125
73.8%
Waste Misc.
Plastic
Taiwan
($38)
$30
$225
$0
$233
$2,327,656
88.7%
China
($56)
$12
$150
$78
$272
$2,723,625
95.8%
Oil Sludge
Taiwan
($156)
$30
$94
$94
$314
$3,140,156
91.4%
Sludge (Hg)
Taiwan
($313)
$51
$0
$0
$262
$2,618,865
83.8%
China
($2)
$12
$60
$0
$50
$495,500
80.5%
MSW
Taiwan
($47)
$30
$105
($6)
$116
$1,158,906
76.3%
China
($4)
$12
$135
$0
$127
$1,267,375
91.3%
Sludge (leather)
Taiwan
($109)
$30
$135
($6)
$208
$2,083,906
85.3%
Carbon Activated Taiwan
($63)
$30
$0
$0
$33
$327,656
52.4%
China
($469)
$47
$90
$0
$ 541
$5,407,313
96.8%
Hospital Waste
Taiwan
($313)
$82
$90
($11)
$347
$3,469,609
86.2%
Coal to Oil
China
$98
$12
$68
$94
$51
$508,000
31.5%
China
($2)
$12
$225
$156
$371
$3,708,000
96.9%
E-Waste
Taiwan
($94)
$30
$225
$156
$445
$4,452,656
93.7%
China
($1)
$3
$45
$6
$49
$1,480,219
94.3%
Food Waste
Taiwan
($47)
$7
$38
$19
$96
$2,870,742
92.8%
SUMMARY

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Two stage process in one system.
Fully integrated system
Modular design facilitates easy installation and mass production.
Combination of thermal cracking and steam cracking in one system.
Steam heat and radial heat applies in the pyrolysis process.
Built-in safety.
The high quality by-products.
BioEarth QES is a continuous loading system
BioEarth QES is a multi-purpose system which handles a
wide variety of organic waste items.
Lower capital requirements than competitive systems
Above normal rate of return on investment
Patented: Taiwan
Patent pending: China - USA
Video of Existing
Operating Plant
Brian Raab President
2369 Forest Grove Rd.
Furlong, PA. 18925
01.215.794.9371
[email protected]