Transcript Monitoraggio delle emissioni di gas serra come strumento
APPROPRIATE ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING TOWARDS THE ACHIEVMENT OF THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS. SUSTAINABLE MESIANO 2015 Camilla Archetti*, Guido Zolezzi*, Agustí Perez-Foguet**
*University of Trento, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Via Mesiano, 77 – 38100 Trento, Italy Phone: +39 0461 882639 **ETSECCPB, Universitat Politènica de Catalunya C/ Jordi Girona, 1-3 08034 Barcelona, Spain [email protected]
I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
CONTEXT:
• Sustainable Mesiano 2015 project – faculty of Engineering of Trento, Italy • Master in Appropriate Environmental Technologies for the Developing Countries (activated in 2004, after the implementation of the Bologna process). Still the only existing pilot in Italy • Decade of Education for Sustainable Development Goals – UNESCO • Framework of the 8 Millennium Development
I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:
- To put in evidence two ROLES OF THE ACCADEMIC COMMUNITY as actor of a shared responsibility on Development issues
:
1- Research of the tools to study and monitor the Development trend:
the indicators
2- Added value of University curricular activities which didactic contents are planned in the perspective of the Millennium Development Goals – study case presented
I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
Risks and Criticities
Participation
(Jan Pronk, the MDGs and the Policies of Globalization)
Window dressing
(L. Gold, Understanding the risk of the MDGs)
Gap finalities - methodologies
(R.Bissio, Civil Society and the MDGs)
Human Rights Paradigm
(A. Sitta, lezioni di Diritto allo Sviluppo e Obiettivi del Millennio)
Not measurable neither comparable Indicators
(Amir Attaran, L’ONU prigioniera degli MDGs, Darwin, Nov.05)
I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
Risks and Criticities: SOME EXAMPLES
Lack of the
initial reference values
Target 11
temporal range not univoque
(
2020
) Indicatore 32 (
safe house
) lack of a
definitions’ framework
Lack of
correlation among the indicators I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
Litterature: other indicators Aggregated indicators
ISU (UNPD) ESI (Center for Global Development) Impronta Ecologica (Rees, Wackernagel) ICE (European Community and Agency for the Environment) Indicators of Bellagio (Italian Statistics National Conference)
I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
Litterature: other indicators HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (UNDP)
Aggregated indicator
• Life expectancy • Education • Economy
Ecologic FOOTPRINT (Rees, Wackernagel)
Measure Unit:
•
bioproductive equivalent surface I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
Litterature: other indicators Every individual: 1,7 ha WORLD ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT DISTRIBUTION (2003)
Litterature: other indicators HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX
HOW TO BUILD an INDICATOR Goals Basic Orientators Choice Principles and criteria Indicators Principles that are at the base of the direction towards which the system goes Different Ethic Principles can lead towards different sustainable goals and paths.
(Johnson, 1991)
EDUCATION, ECOLOGY, ETHICS, ECONOMY LONGER TIME SCALE
PROPOSAL OF A NEW INDICATOR Choice Axiom
Zermelo-Fraenkel (1920)
PROPOSAL OF A NEW INDICATOR ORIENTATOR Education Ethics Economy Ecology LOGIC
It represents how the culture, the sciences, the knowledge, the values, the memory and the accumulated experiences are transferred from one generation to another.
It indicates and orients how the respect, the human rights, the relationships, the responsibility awareness, the politics, the justice found space and indications in respect to the actions to be undertaken.
It represents an orientator of the quantification of the value of objects in a wide sense and of the exchange dynamics, market activities in an analysis as much complete as possible of the entire life cycle of each product.
It orients the human actions in a clear context of attention to the environment, to the nature, to the resources and it analyzes the interconnections, even the ones less evident, between the natural systems and the anthropic factors.
PROPOSAL OF A NEW INDICATOR
Research of a principle of equivalence:
ACTIONS = TIME
TIME = DEDICATED TIME
THE DEDICATED TIME IS :
- MEASURE UNIT AND A READING GRID - NEW VALUES WITHIN THE MAN – NATURE – SOCIETY RELATIONSHIPS I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
PROPOSAL OF A NEW INDICATOR
• DEVELOPMENT as a concept that belongs to a set of observables and indeed measurables • DEVELOPMENT as system actractor. Actractor of the
ACTIONS
identified as
DEDICATED TIME I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
THE DEDICATED TIME
• • • • It is
GENERALIZABLE
Each unit, from the single person to the institution or association, in
DEDICATING TIME PRODUCES DEVELOPMENT
, both in terms of formation than of action Range of time scale: individual’s life
LONG TIME Oskar Lange (1960) I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
Application of the theory of the “dedicated time, DT” to different realities
• University • School • Firm • Government • Individuals
DECADE OF EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2005 - 2014
In the context of the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development, which urges
societies around the world to begin re-orienting their educational systems towards
sustainability, there is a need of planning and implementing programs that will bring environment and sustainability into the mainstream of learning and research” (UNESCO,2005).
Application of the theory of the “dedicated time, DT” to different realities
• University • School • Firm • Government • Individuals
ENGINEERING EDUCATION
Ask for engineers with competencies different from the past– called the
engineers of the 21 st
century – and explicit need of a curricola reforming that integrate disciplinar aspects from other scintific and cultural fields
(European Journal of Engineering Education, SEFI)
Master degree in Appropriate Environmental Technologies for Developing Countries In parallel with the educative goals of the traditional environmental engineer, the specific goals are related to the acquisition of specific personal skills.
In order to form professional figures with technical-scientific competencies but also with attitudes and skills related to team work, multi disciplines and inter cultural dialog capacities, in order to be able to evaluate in a appropriate way the environmental, social and cultural impact of complex situations.
I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
Master degree in Appropriate Environmental Technologies for Developing Countries Curriculum builded in the perspective of the achievment of the Millennium Development Goals I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
Master degree in Appropriate Environmental Technologies for Developing Countries
32%
ORIENTAMENTO TECNOLOGIE AMBIENTALI APPROPRIATE PER I S TUDI DI T RENTO – F ACOLTÀ DI I NGEGNERIA ) Modulo Ore Crediti 120
Acque Reflue e Rifiuti nei PVS (Acqua) Pianificazione Territoriale e
60
Analisi Ambientale nei PVS (Pianificazione) Cooperazione (CaS) allo Sviluppo
60
Metodologie Gestione dei Conflitti Ambientali (Gestione) Stage di Progetto (Stage)
Totale
Partecipate e
60 60
17%
360 10 5 5 5 5 30
17% 17% Stage CaS Pianificazione Acqua Gestione
STUDY CASE: ESTRAPOLATION OF THE 4 ORIENTATORS It is indeed possible to find within each class actions, contents and didactics belonging to one of each of the E
DEDICATED HOURS AND THE 4E
Suddivisione Ore Dedicate in base alle 4E 24% 23% 24% Educazione Ecologia 29% Etica Economia I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
Possible European level cooperation: Erasmus Mundus
CONCLUSIONS
•
logical mathematical
approach for the individuation od the
orientators
and of
a measure unit
pin order to make them commutable The criticities of the MDGs can be overcome • Application to a context of a
university curriculum
DESD: crucial role of the Education
I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat
APPROPRIATE ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING TOWARDS THE ACHIEVMENT OF THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS. SUSTAINABLE MESIANO 2015 Camilla Archetti*, Guido Zolezzi*, Agustí Perez-Foguet**
*University of Trento, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Via Mesiano, 77 – 38100 Trento, Italy Phone: +39 0461 882639 **ETSECCPB, Universitat Politènica de Catalunya C/ Jordi Girona, 1-3 08034 Barcelona, Spain [email protected]
THANKS FOR THE ATTENTION
I congrés UPC SOSTENIBLE 2015 – 2007 Educaciò, Tecnologìa I Sostenibilitat