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LUND UNIVERSITY
Videnskabelig kommunikation,
publicering og Open Access
Hvordan vi i Lund og Sverige
arbejder med dette
Open-access indenfor naturvidenskaberne
København, 8 september, 2006
Lars Bjørnshauge, Biblioteksdirektionen
Lunds Universitet
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Baggrunde og udviklinger I
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Udviklinger i publiceringsteknologi og –services
– Nye kommunikationsteknologier
– Den kommercielle videnskabelige publicering
– Forskningsbibliotekernes roller
– Fagspecifikke og Institutionsbaserede
publiceringsservices
– Rettigheder
– Open access tidskrifter
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Baggrunde og udviklinger II
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Nogle vigtige aktörer
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Forfatterne
Videnskabelige selskaber
Forskningsinstitutioner/Universiteter (incl.
sammenslutninger)
Forskningsråd og Forskningsfonde
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Den kommercielle videnskabelige publicering
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Tidskriftskrisen?
– Store prisstigninger på videnskabelige tidskrifter
– Monopolisering
Forlagene anvender de nye teknologiske muligheder
– Nye produkter, prismodeller og licensaftaler fra
informationsleverandörer
Big deals
– Forlagene tilbyder alle sine tidskrifter i pakkeaftaler –
nye muligheder og begränsninger
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Nye teknologier tages i anvendelse
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Nye former for forskningskommunikation
– Frit tilgängelige e-print arkiver
Low-barrier teknologier – standardisering
– Open Archives Initiative - etableret i 1999 http://www.openarchives.org/
– The Open Archives Initiative Protocol for
Metadata Harvesting
– Data providers – Service Providers
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The emerging ”Open Access Movement”
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Increased attention to the Open Access issue
from
– researchers,
– universities & research centers
– funding bodies & research councils
– governments
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The first steps - advocacy
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Declarations
– Budapest Open Access Initiative
– Bethesda Statement
– Berlin Declaration
– Other more local or regional advocacy
services
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The Berlin Declaration
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”Our mission of disseminating knowledge is
only half complete if the information is not
made widely and readily available to society”
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Universities & Research Centers want OA
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Russell Group UK
Scottish Universities
CERN,
Max Planck,
Swiss universities
Italian universities
Swedish Association of Higher Education
European University Association
... etc … etc
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Research funders want Open Access
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Howard Hughes Medical Institute US
National Institutes of Health, US
Wellcome Trust, UK
Research Councils UK
Swedish Research Council
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
FNRS - Belgium
Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
… etc … etc
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Open Access is
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Free access for everyone in the public domain
Rights to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search
and link to full text
Author keeps control over the integrity of the article
Author has the right to be identified and cited correctly
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Open access is…
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Removing barriers to access
– Free availability
– Unrestricted use
Compatible with
– Authors copyright
– Peer review
– Preservation
– Prestige
– Career advancement
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The Golden Road
Open Access Journals
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October 2004:
First issue of PLoS Medicine
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The most reliable medical information on the
Internet - the contents of peer-reviewed
medical journals - is hidden from the public
and most of the world's physicians. Although
most medical journals are available online,
their publishers limit access to those who
choose, and can afford, to pay for access.
This should not, and need not, be so.
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So the revolutionary idea of anyone being able to read any article is
possible.
This idea — open access — which completely challenges the old
subscription-based publishing model, is the driving force behind the
launch of PLoS Medicine.
You can download and distribute articles without restrictions
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Open Access Journals
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BioMedCentral
Public Library of Science
– PLoS Biology
– PLoS Medicine
Hybrid Journals:
– Springer
– Blackwell
– Oxford
Nye ”experimenter”: APS & Elsevier
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The Impact of Open Access Journals – A Citation Study from Thomson ISI
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”We have found that the number of OA journals
identified as Open Access and covered in ISI
databases are growing rapidly, partly because
new journals are founded and older journals are
changing their access models, but also because
better lists of such journals are becoming
available”
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The Green Road
Self-archiving in subject based or institutional repositories
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The Current Situation
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Development & implementation of repositories
are spreading rapidly in
– Universities
– University colleges
– Research Centers
– etc.
But ….
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Still early days!!
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From the beginning: an additional channel for
dissemination of publications
– To get more visibility
– To get higher impact
Often initiated by committed researchers &
librarians
To some extent still to be labelled as
experiments
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Impact of Open Access
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June 2004, 239 OA-journals in ISI – numbers
growing ever since
14 titles among top 10% within category
Significantly higher ranking for OA-journals in
Immediacy Index
Significant increase in citations – 45-95% - to OAarticles, compared to articles in same (non- OA)
journals
PLoS Biology : first impact factor 13,9. Among most
cited journals in life sciences, before reaching two
years!
Growing impact as well for BMC-titles
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Hvordan har vi i Lund og Sverige arbejdet med/for
Open Access??
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Forskellige aktiviteter lokalt, nationalt og
internationalt som gensidigt befrugter hinanden
– E-publicering
– Informationsspredning, Konferencer m.v.
– Services
– Lobbying lokalt og nationalt
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Konferencer
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1st Nordic Conference on Scholarly
Communication, Lund/Copenhagen, Oct. 2002
2nd Nordic Conference on Scholarly
Communication, Lund, April 2004
3rd Nordic Conference on Scholarly
Communication, Lund, April 2006
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Services
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Svensk Resurscentrum för Vetenskaplig
Kommunikation
– Et netvärk af biblioteksfolk, forskere og
beslutningstagere
– Koordineret af Lunds Universitet,
Biblioteksdirektionen
– Arrangerer seminarer
– www.sciecom.org/
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Services
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Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) –
http://www.doaj.org/
– 2.300+ Open Access tidskrifter –
kvalitetskontrollerede/peer-review
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Sveriges Universitets- och Högskoleförbund (SUHF)
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Utredning:
– Vägar för kunskap – behov av en gemensam
strategisk nyorientering för högskolorna och
deras bibliotek
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Kostnadsproblemet – monopoliseringen
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Universitet/Högskolor:
– Bekostar råvaran, ger bort den
– Bekostar kvalitetsbedömningen
– Biblioteken köper innehållet åter
Den kommersiella publiceringen är:
– För dyr, för långsam, för exklusiv & för
ineffektiv
Befintliga meriteringssystem är:
– Tvivelaktiga, driver monopoliseringen
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Publiceringsverksamhet vid
universitet och högskolor
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En forskningspolitisk fråga.
Högskolor borde ta ett strategisk grepp om sin
publiceringsverksamhet
Behov av nya samarbetsformer och ett
högskolegemensamt strategiskt ledarskap
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Anbefalinger
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SUHF bör tillsätta en arbetsgrupp som
– Granskar de existerande meriterings- och
värderingssystem som är kopplade till
existerande akademisk publicering, och
belyser pågående arbete med att ta fram
alternativa system baserade på
egenpublicering vid högskolor och andra
initiativ för fritt tillgänglig publicering.
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Forskningsråd
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Vetenskapsrådet
– Har underskrevet Berlin Deklarationen
– Forskningsbevillinger fra 2007 vil have en
klausul som forlanger att forskningsresultater
skal publiceres i Open Access (Green/Gold)
Kommunikation er indledt med andre
forskningsfinansiärer
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Projekter
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Fällesprojekter og –aktiviteter stöttet af nationale
projektbidrag
– Formater
– Stötte til informationsaktiviteter
OpenAccess.se
– Nyorganisering af arbejdet med at fremme
publicering og Open Access
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Lunds Universitets Open Access Policy
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Vedtaget af Lunds Universitets Styrelse
november 2005
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Lunds Universitet – Open Access policy
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Forskaren bör om möjligt publicera forskningsresultat i
tidskrifter som är fritt tillgängliga för läsaren.
Om en fritt tillgänglig tidskrift inte finns som ett
jämbördigt alternativ bör i första hand en tidskrift som
tillåter parallell publicering av artikeln väljas.
Överlåtelse av publiceringsrättigheter ska undvikas.
Minimikrav för författaren är rätt till parallell publicering.
Lunds universitet verkar för att vetenskapliga tidskrifter
övergår till en publiceringsmodell där artiklarna görs fritt
tillgängliga för läsaren direkt eller i form av parallell
publicering.
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Implementering af Open Access Policy
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Registrering, parallelpublicering og spredning af
forskningspublikationer
– Workflows, organisation
– Forlagspolicies i f t parallelpublicering
Publicering i Open Access tidskrifter
– Hvor kan jeg publicere? Afgifter??
Rettighedsspörgsmål
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§ 2 Author´s right to use the Article
Copyright remains with the Author. This will be acknowledged by the
Publisher in the copyright line.
The Author retains the right to use the Article:
- for research, educational or other purposes of the Author´s
university/institution
- mounted on a server within the Lund University´s domains (posted to free
public servers of preprints and/or articles in the Author´s subject area)
- in whole or in part, as the basis for further publications or spoken
presentations
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Ny service for forfattere delvist
integreret i Directory of Open Access
Journals
Lanceres om kort tid
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Ny rådgivningsservice for forfattere
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Hvor kan jeg publicere?
– Gold (Open Access el. Hybrid)
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Green (Parallelpublicering)
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Afgifter?
Hvad (pre-/postprints etc.)
Cost-Effectiveness
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Pris per artikel/citering etc.
Impact factor(?)
Rådgivning i ophavsretsspörgsmål
Delvist integreret i Directory of Open Access Journals
(DOAJ)
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Annual Review of Psychology
Publ: ANNUAL REVIEWS
Profit Status: non-profit
Price per article: 7.16
Price per citation: 0.51 IF
12,8
Psychological Bulletin
www.journalprices.com
Publ: AM PSYCHOL ASS
Profit Status: non-profit
Price per article: 11.92
Price per citation: 0.78 IF
7,7
Cognitive Psychology
Publ: Elsevier
Profit Status: profit
Price per article: 35.10
Price per citation: 4.32
IF 3,98
Personnel Review
Publ: EMERALD
Profit Status: profit
Price per article: 360.09
Price per citation: 744.52
0
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Start
1665
Introduction --- there is nothing more necessary for
Henry
promoting the improvement of
Oldenburg Philosophical Matters, than the
communicating --- [of] such things as
are discovered or put in practice by
others; it is therefore thought fit to
employ the Press --- All for the Glory of
God, the Honour and Advantage of
these Kingdoms, and the Universal
Good of Mankind
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[email protected]
www.doaj.org
www.sciecom.org
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