Transcript Microsoft IT Camps - Virtualization - Hyper-V

Microsoft Hyper-V (70-659)
Aresh Sarkari
Infrastructure Architect
http://askaresh.blogspot.in
Full Day Agenda
Agenda
Time
9.30AM – 10.00AM
Speaker
Registrations
Topics
10.00AM – 11.45AM
Aresh Sarkari, Technical Architect at Unisys.
11.45AM – 12.00PM
Tea Break
12.00PM - 01.30PM
Gaurav Anand, Microsoft MVP
01.30PM - 02.15 PM
Lunch Break
02.15PM - 04.00PM
Precheta / MS Anand, Microsoft India
04.00PM - 04.30PM
Tea Break
04.30PM - 05.45PM
Chalk Talk with Industry Expert to clear the
Exam-70-659
Quiz, Q&A, Exam Tips & Tricks
05.45PM - 06.00PM
UG Leads
Closing Note
Windows Server 2008 Virtualization - Part 1
(Hyper-V Fundamentals, Planning, Configurations & Management)
Windows Server 2008 Virtualization - Part II
(Hyper-V Architectures, Networking, Storage, Backup & Restore)
Windows Server 2008 Virtualization - Part III
(Hyper-V Security, Best Practices)
My Agenda
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Exam Info on 70-659
Hyper-V Planning
Hyper-V Configuration
Hyper-V Management
Demo
Exam 70-659
Configuring Child Settings
Installing and Configuring Host and Parent Settings
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Add the Hyper-V role on Windows Server 2008 R2.
Enable remote management.
Configure virtual networks and VLAN security.
Configure storage.
Managing and Monitoring Virtual Environments
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Solve performance and resource issues.
Configure delegation of rights.
Create roles and configure authorization rights.
Manage non-Hyper-V-aware virtualization hosts.
Performing Migration
Perform physical-to-virtual (P2V) migration.
Perform virtual-to-virtual (V2V) migration.
Perform import/export migration.
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Configure child resources.
Configure child storage.
Configure child network adapters.
Create and deploy virtual machines.
Ensuring High Availability and Recoverability
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Manage snapshots.
Manage backups.
Perform non-clustered migrations.
Configure quick and live migrations
Configuring Remote Desktop (RD) Role Services
Infrastructure
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Configure RD session host.
Configure RD licensing.
Configure RD Connection Broker.
Configure RD Gateway.
Configure RD Web Access.
Windows Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V
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Built on Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V architecture
– 400+ case studies: www.microsoft.com/virtualization
– 1 million+ downloads of Hyper-V RTM in 12 months
– Fastest growing bare metal hypervisor in x86 history
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Microsoft.com running on Hyper-V R2
– ~15,000 requests per second
– Over 40 million hits per day
– Over 1.2 billion page hits per month
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Enabling new dynamic scenarios
– Dynamic Data Center
– Virtualized Centralized Desktop
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Customer Driven Design
Virtual Machine Overview
VMs or “Guests”
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Virtual Machine components
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Memory
Virtual processors (compute)
Network Adapters (network)
Virtual Disks (storage)
VM guest OS
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Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2
Windows Server 2003 SP2+ and Windows Server 2003 R2 SP2+
Windows 2000 Server SP4+
Windows Home Server 2011, Small Business Server 2011
Windows 7, Windows Vista and Windows XP SP2+
CentOS 5.2+, Redhat 5.2+ and SUSE Linux Server 10 SP4+
Full list: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc794868(WS.10).aspx
Host Server
Hyper-V Architecture
Requirements and Limits
Host computer components
Virtual machine components
Component
Description
Component
Description
Logical processors
64
Virtual processors
4
Virtual processors per logical
processor
8
Memory
64 GB
Virtual IDE disks
4
Virtual machines per server
384 running
virtual machines
Virtual SCSI disks
256
Virtual hard disk capacity
2040 GB
Memory
1 TB
Storage
No limits imposed
by Hyper-V
Snapshots
50
Physical network adapters
No limits imposed
by Hyper-V
Virtual network adapters
12
Hyper-V Editions
Features
WS 2008 R2 SP1 with
Hyper-V
Standard
WS 2008 R2 SP1 with
Hyper-V
Enterprise
WS 2008 R2 SP1 with
Hyper-V
Datacenter
Microsoft
Hyper-V Server 2008 R2
SP1
64
64
64
64
8:1
12:1*
8:1
12:1*
8:1
12:1*
8:1
12:1*
192
384
384
384
Unlimited
Unlimited
Unlimited
Unlimited
4 Legacy
8 Synthetic
4 Legacy
8 Synthetic
4 Legacy
8 Synthetic
4 Legacy
8 Synthetic
2 IDE
4 SCSI
2 IDE
4 SCSI
2 IDE
4 SCSI
2 IDE
4 SCSI
4 IDE
256 SCSI
4 IDE
256 SCSI
4 IDE
256 SCSI
4 IDE
256 SCSI
Virtual Floppy Devices
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1
Serial (COM) Ports
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2
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Included Use Rights
1 Physical
1 VM
1 Physical
4 VMs
1 Physical
Unlimited VMs
None
Logical Processors
Virtual Processors per Logical
Processor
Max # of VMs per Host (Supported)
Virtual Networks
Guest Virtual NICs
Guest Storage Adapters
Guest Storage Devices
Guest OS Support
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Windows Server
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Windows Client
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Windows Server 2000
Windows Server 2003
Windows Server 2008
Windows Server 2008 R2
Windows XP Pro SP2/SP3
Windows Vista
Windows 7
Non-Microsoft
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SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10/11
RHEL 5.2/5.3
CentOS
Apps Running Inside the Guest
• See KB 957006 for more information
Microsoft Application Virtualization (App-V)
Microsoft Operations Manager (MOM) 2005
Microsoft BizTalk Server
Microsoft Search Server
Microsoft Commerce Server
Windows SBS / EBS 2008
Microsoft Dynamics AX, CRM, GP, NAV
Microsoft SQL Server 2005, 2008
Microsoft Exchange Server
Microsoft System Center Configuration Manager
Microsoft Forefront Client Security
Microsoft System Center Data Protection Manager
Microsoft Intelligent Application Gateway (IAG)
Microsoft System Center Essentials
Microsoft Forefront Security for Exchange (FSE)
Microsoft System Center Operations Manager
Microsoft Forefront Security for SharePoint (FSP)
Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager
Microsoft Host Integration Server
Microsoft Systems Management Server (SMS)
Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration (ISA)
Microsoft Visual Studio Team System
Microsoft Office Communications Server R2
Microsoft Windows HPC Server 2008
Microsoft Office Groove Server
Microsoft Windows Server Update Services (WSUS)
Microsoft Office Performance Point Server
Windows Server 2003 Web Edition
Microsoft Office Project Server
Microsoft Office SharePoint Server and WSS
Opalis Integration Server
Windows Web Server 2008
Hardware & BIOS
• X64 Hardware Assisted Virtualization
– AMD Virtualization (AMD-V)
– Intel Virtualization Technology (Intel VT)
• Hardware enabled Data Execution Prevention (DEP) required
– AMD (NX no execute bit)
– Intel (XD execute disable)
• Second Level Address Translation (SLAT)
– AMD Nested Page Tables (NPT) or Rapid Virtualization Indexing (RVI)
– Intel Extended Page Tables (EPT)
• Hyper-V does not support Itanium (IA-64) processors
– Must use 3rd party hypervisor
Enabled from
the BIOS
Virtual Machine Density
• Planning Considerations
– Hardware Limits
– Hyper-V Limits
– Reserve Capacity (failover)
• 384 VM per host/node limit
• 512 VP per host/node limit
– 12:1 virtual processors per logical
• (# processors) * (# cores) * (# threads per core) * 12 = total
• Failover Clustering
– Up to 16 nodes
– Up to 1,000 VMs across all nodes
Processor Compatibility Mode
• Overview
– Allows live migration across different CPU versions
within same processor family
– Configure compatibility on a per-VM basis
– Abstracts VM down to the lowest common denominator
(instruction sets available to VM)
• Benefits
– Greater flexibility within clusters
– Enables migration across a broader ranger of Hyper-V
host hardware
Hyper-V
Configuration
Microsoft IT Camps - Virtualization
Guidelines for Designing Virtual
Machines
• Standardize the Virtual Machine configuration
• Plan virtual machines for specific server roles by
– Monitoring the servers before virtualization
– Configuring each VM with a hardware configuration similar to
the hardware required on a physical server
• Deploy Windows Server 2008 R2 or Windows 7 virtual
machines whenever possible
• Install Integration Services whenever possible to improve
integration between the physical computer and the virtual
machine
Deployment Methods
• Standard Installation
• Unattended Installation
– UNATTEND.XML answer file for customization
– Windows System Image Manager (WSIM) to create and manage
answer file
• Microsoft Deployment Toolkit 2010
– Task sequence created for customization
– Integration with System Center ConfigMgr
• System Center VMM 2008 R2 / 2012
– Hyper-V role enabled when host is added
– VMM 2012 also supports bare-metal deployment
Enabling Hyper-V
• Hyper-V is enabled as a server role (restart required)
• Hypervisor must be enabled and running to start virtual machines
• Verify the status of the Hyper-V Virtual Machine Management
Service
Enabling by Server Manager
• Server Role
Enabling by CLI (Server Core)
• CMD
– > DISM /online /enable-feature
/featurename:Microsoft-Hyper-V
– > start /w ocsetup Microsoft-Hyper-V
• PowerShell
– > Add-WindowsFeature Hyper-V
• Server Manager GUI available with remote
management
Enabling on Hyper-V Server
• Hyper-V enabled automatically!
Enabling by SCVMM
• Will be automatically enabled
when adding hosts
Creating Virtual Machines
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Name
Location
Memory
Network
Virtual Hard Disk
Operating System
Virtual Machine Installation Methods
Install using
CD/DVD
Install from
an .ISO
Install from a
boot floppy
Hyper-V Integration Settings
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Integration Components (ICs) makes guest OS aware that it is running in a VM
Many ICs come pre-installed with Hyper-V on a simulated “Setup Disk” which can
be installed from the Action menu
Integration Service settings managed from the VM settings
Moving VMs to a 2008 R2 Host
• Backup / Restore
– Varies based on backup provider
• Export / Import
– Export VMs that are not running
• Saves snapshots, VHDs, VMs, config XML
– Import VMs
• Move VM (keeps same unique ID)
• Copy VM (creates new unique ID)
• Duplicate VM (allows for multiple new VMs)
• Migration
– Server Migration Tools
– Migration from Virtual Server 2005 R2 is a unique one-way process
Configuring Virtual Networks
• Configured from Virtual Network Manager
• External Networks
– VMs can communicate with other computers on the network
– Only 1 per physical NIC
• Internal Networks
– VMs can communicate with only other VMs on the same host,
and with the host computer
• Private Networks
– VMs can communicate only with other VMs on the same host
Configuring VLAN Tags
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Configure VLAN identifiers
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On internal and external virtual networks
On the network adapters attached to virtual machines
Virtual Network
VM Properties
Configuring Firewall Rules
• Automatically configured during Hyper-V role installation
– Check Windows Firewall with Advanced Security
– On Server Core use SConfig tool
• Automatically configured when adding a host via VMM
• Failover Clustering with a File Server or VMM Library requires ‘Remote
Volume Management’ to be unblocked
Creating VHDs
• Use the Virtual Disk Wizard
– Disk Type: Fixed, Dynamically Expanding,
Differencing
– Name & Location
– Configure Disk: Size, Contents can be copied from
another location
• Configuration can be changed using the VM
settings
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IDE Controller(s) & Location
SCSI Controller(s) & Location
Media: VHD, Physical hard drive
Diskette Drive
Choosing VM Locations
• VM Storage
– VHDs: C:\Users\Public\Documents\Hyper-V\virtual hard disks
– VMs (configuration): C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Hyper-V
• Virtual Machines
• Snapshots
• Considerations
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Performance
Hard Drive Space
Security
Shared Storage for Failover Clustering
Configuring iSCSI
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Target: Create virtual disks
Initiator(s): Request access to disks
Target: Accept access request from initiator(s)
Initiator(s): Refresh configuration to check connection
Initiator(s): Login to the target
– Enable automatic reconnections
• Servers: Initialize, format and bring disks online
• Now you can use these disks for your VMs or cluster
DEMO
Hyper-V
Management
Microsoft IT Camps - Virtualization
Numerous Management Options
Hyper-V
Manager
Command Line
SCVMM
SCOM
WMI
Failover Cluster
Manager
PowerShell
RSAT
Integrated Tool
Experience
Hyper-V Manager
Overview of Hyper-V Settings
Hyper-V Servers
Hyper-V
Server
Actions
Listing of Virtual
Machines
Snapshots
Details of Selected VM
Virtual
Machine
Actions
Overview of User Settings
Default Folder
Locations
Keyboard Actions
User Settings
VM Connection Application
• Is used to manage local
or remote virtual machines
• Is installed with Hyper-V
or RSAT
• Uses RDP on port 2179
• Uses the mstsc.exe
Active X control
• Requires port 2179
open on Windows Firewall
Failover Cluster Manager
• Integrated with Hyper-V
• Deploy, configure, manage and connect to
VMs from this interface
• Launch Hyper-V Wizards
• Supports 1000 VMs per cluster
• Note: Hyper-V Manager is not cluster
aware – you must manage clustered VMs
using Failover Cluster Manager or System
Center Virtual Machine Manager
Virtual Machine Manager 2008 R2
– Centralized virtual machine deployment and management for Hyper-V,
Virtual Server, Failover Clusters and VMware ESX servers
– Rapid provisioning of new and virtual machines with templates
– Centralized library of infrastructure components
– Allow for delegated management and access of VMs
PowerShell
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Server Core, Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 & RSAT
Remoting Support
Hyper-V Integration
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Find a VM
Connect to a VM
Discover a VM
Change VM State
Backup a VM
Add / Remove VM
Manage VMs on Clusters
Change VM Storage
Change VM Networks
Manipulate VHD Files
Also supports Failover Clustering and System Center Virtual Machine Manager
• WMI API
Windows Management
Instrumentation
– Native WMI scripting
– Community PowerShell Library
– SCVMM 2008/2012 PowerShell
Library
• Useful when SCVMM server not
available
• Use WMIC (WMI Command Line) to
access Hyper-V
• Also supports Failover Clustering
and System Center Virtual Machine
Manager
Remote Server Admin. Tools
• RSAT allows server management on Client
• Connect to Hosts
• Free download:
http://www.microsoft.com/
download/en/details.aspx?
displaylang=en&id=7887
• Must enable feature on Client
– Select Role Administration Tools
• Select Hyper-V Tools
Remote Desktop Connection Manager
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Remote desktop connection management at scale
Connect to hosts or VMs
Runs on Server & Client
Free download:
http://www.microsoft.com/
download/en/details.aspx?
displaylang=en&id=21101
Remote Connections
• Remote Desktop Protocol
– Launch MSTSC(.exe)
– Connect to Hosts or VMs
• Hyper-V Manager
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Right-click Hyper-V Manager
Select “Connect to Server…”
Connect to hosts
Similar experience with RSAT
RemoteFX Support
• New in Windows Server 2008 R2
SP1
• 3D GPU Host side Rendering
• Improved Encode/Decode Pipeline
• USB Redirection
– Enable RemoteFX on a VM
– Client must support RDP 7.1
– USB redirection must be enabled
via GP
– GP update and reboot required
Dynamic Memory
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Hyper-V memory enhancement in Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1
Higher VM consolidation ratios on same hardware with minimal performance impact
Memory is pooled and dynamically distributed across VMs to allow it to easily grow or shrink with
no service interruption
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Active Memory addition
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Passive Memory reclamation
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Unutilized memory is collected every 5 minutes
Supports both server and desktop
VM Guests are enlightened
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Memory is added immediately when VM needs it
Guest Integration Components installed
Must be updated to SP1
Memory is added and removed via synthetic memory driver (memory VSC) support
Dynamic Memory Settings
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Startup RAM: Memory needed to boot VM
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Maximum RAM: Memory limit for the VM
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Default: 64GB
Memory Buffer: Free memory to try to
maintain in the VM
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Guest OS + Apps
Default: 512MB
Enables responsiveness for workload bursts
Allows use for file cache
Memory Priority: Order in which VMs are
allocated memory
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Range: 1 (highest) - 10,000
Default: 5,000
Changes to Root Reserve
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Root memory reserve is kept for the parent partition
Host Reserve amount is automatically calculated based on SLAT capability, total
size of host RAM, NUMA architecture
– New registry key override added
• Allows you to reserve static memory for the parent partition
– May result in less memory being available for VMs
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DM allows VMs to push up against the reserve consistently
New behavior better protects parent partition from VMs taking too much memory
Host Reserve
VM
Overhead
Memory utilized by VMs
VM Reserve
Core Parking
• Scheduling VMs on a single server for density
as opposed to dispersion
• Allows “parking” or “sleeping” of cores by
putting them in deep C states
• Reduces CPU power consumption
Processor is
“parked”
DEMO
Thank You!