The Silver State Battle Born

Study Guide #1- Ancient Nevada & Geography

I. Ancient Nevada A. Ancient Lake Lahontan

1. Large Lake, Most of Western Nevada 2. Formed while Sierra Nevada Mnts. were still low B. Dinosaurs!!!!

1. Ichtyosaurus- Large Swimming Dinosaur *Remains found in Central Nevada C. Ancient People a. Lived in Caves around Lake Lahontan Ex. Lovelock Caves (Duck Decoys & Fishing Nets) b. Fished and Hunted

Study Guide #1- Ancient Nevada & Geography

II. Current Nevada Geography A. It’s a DESERT!!!!!!!!

1. WHY??– Sierra Nevada Blocks Rainfall/Snow 2. Great Basin ‘Big Bowl’ (All of Nevada except South) -Rivers drain Inland (Not to Sea) Ex. Truckee, Humboldt, Walker, Carson 3. Mojave Desert (Southern Nevada- Vegas) -Rivers drain to Colorado River to Pacific

Study Guide #1- Ancient Nevada & Geography

B. Nevada’s Mountains

1. Sierra Nevada- All in California 2. Mountains run North & South (Like Worms) -Made by Techtronic Plates colliding in California (All the earthquakes) C. Rivers & Lakes

1. Northern Rivers all part of Great Basin

-Small rivers that shrink in Summer after snow is gone (Water in reservoirs- Man made lakes) 2. Southern (Flow to Pacific Ocean)

-Colorado River, Lake Mead Reservoir Created by Hoover (Boulder) Dam

Study Guide #1- Ancient Nevada & Geography

Bottom Left: Great Basin Bottom Right: Ancient lake Lahontan Top Right: Mojave Desert of Southern Nevada

The Humboldt River and the Humboldt Sink

Nevada Mountain Ranges Nevada Lakes & Rivers

Study Guide #2 – Native Nevadans

I. The Original People

A. Ancient People / Pre-History (Time before Writing) 1. Arrived from Asia 10,000 to 12,000 years ago 2. used stone tools B. Anasazi ‘The Old Ones’ (3ooBC to 1150AD) 1. Lived near Las Vegas 2. Farmers, Cities, Traded 3. Disappeared around 1150 (drought??)

C. Modern Native Americans

1. Nomadic – Hunting and Gathering

*Follow animals and food depending on seasons Winter-Valley /Summer-Mnts.)

2. Tribes- N. Paiute, S. Paiute, Washo, Shoshone 3. Reservations

*Areas Native Am. are given to break nomadic lifestyle. *Whites want them to farm

Sarah Winnemucca and the statue being placed in U.S. Capitol Building, 2005.

Study Guide #2– Native Nevadans

Study Guide #3- Explorers

I. Exploration (Gold/Furs/Travel Routes)

A. 1st Europeans to see Nevada- Spanish just look 1. Old Spanish trail goes through Southern Nevada -Links New Mexico to California

B. 1st Explorers (Mountain Men Trapping Beaver) 1. Jedediah Smith (1827)

-Crosses thru South into Calf (Mex. Mad) -Crosses back through middle of NV and almost dies (NO WATER)

2. Peter Skene Ogden (1828/1829)

-1st to see Humboldt River (60 Beaver per day!!!)

3. Joseph Walker (1833-1834)

-Crosses from Salt Lake to California (Mexico Mad) -1st battle w/Native Am- Kills & Mutilates ‘Mountain. Man Example’ 4. James Beckwourth (Af. American mountain Man) -Found easier way over Sierras

Benjamin Franklin wearing a beaver hat in 1794 when appearing before the French court at Versailles.

“The long-nap beaver adapts itself to curves and graceful lines. The large white beaver hat with its trimming of white plumes is intended for carriage and calling wear.”

– The Delineator, 1903

MEXICO

North America, 1830

Peter Skene Ogden

Hudson’s Bay Company

Jedediah Smith

Rocky Mountain Fur Company

Fur Trapper Routes

"An intelligent man with whom I boarded had a map which showed these rivers (one was the Buenaventura) to be large, and he advised me to take tools along to make canoes, so that...we could descend one of these rivers to the Pacific."

-- John Bidwell, Bartleson-Bidwell Party, 1841.

A river, the "Buenaventura," indicated upon a map furnished me by the Hudson's Bay Company as breaking through the mountains, was found not to exist.

-- John Charles Frémont , April 1891 edition of Century Magazine

Study Guide #3- Explorers

C. Kit Carson & John C. Fremont (Path Finders)

1. 1844 sent to explore better routes to Calif.

2. 1st Mission- to South Pass

3. 2nd Mission- South Pass to California -Mnt. Men Carson & Walker Help -Meets Chief Truckee @ Pyramid Lake *Truckee helps them find route to Sierra Mnts. to get to Calif.

Study Guide #3- Explorers

Study Guide #3- Explorers

B. Routes across Nevada 1. Spanish – Spanish Trail (1780)

a. Across S. Nevada From New Mex. to S. Calif. b. Now Interstate 15

2. Central Route (1830)

a. Across middle of Nevada, used as first mail road, stage road, telegraph, and Pony Express.

b. Now Highway 50 (Loneliest road in America) c. Used by John Reese, to get to Sierras and set-up

Mormon Station

d. NO WATER!!!!! Hardest Route

Old Spanish Trail site in Southern Nevada

Study Guide #3- Explorers

3. Northern Route (California Trail) (1830)

a. Peter Skene Ogden found Humboldt River. *More water than Central Route. b. Only 40mi. with no water between Lovelock and Truckee/Carson Rivers.

c. Used by most Settlers to get to California (NO ONE WANTS TO STOP!!!) d. Now Interstate 80 (Railroads also follow Route)

**Settlement takes off with 1849 Gold Strike!!

CENTRAL & NORTHERN ROUTES

Study Guide #4- SILVER IN NEVADA

I. People Just Passing through A. Before this . .people just going to Calf.!!

B. Mormons in Nevada- Settled some farms in Washoe Valley but left in 1857 (Trouble with U.S. Gov’t) 1. Mormon Station (Genoa)- Trading Post for Wagon Trains at base of Sierra Nevada Mnts. (1st ‘Roofed’ White Settlement)

II. Silver In NEVADA – (Hey people might stay!)

A. THE BIG ONE!!! – Comstock Lode (1859)

1. BLUE Mud getting in way of Little Gold 2. Mud taken to Calf.- It’s SILVER!!!!!

B. RUSH TO WASHOE!!!!! (Nevada) 1. Virginia City becomes 2nd Largest City west of Miss. River

2. San Francisco Booms with Ships & Supplies for Nevada 3. People from all over- White, Black, Irish, Chinese

Study Guide #4- SILVER IN NEVADA

C. Life on the Comstock

1. No Rules / No Laws a. First few years have no Law ‘ Boomtowns!!’ b. Men / Money / Booze / Guns = TROUBLE 2. Big Mines are Hard Work

a. Mining 2000ft below ground b. Hot / Dangerous / Deadly 3. Boom & Bust a. Boom= Gold/Silver Found b. Bust = No MORE!!

-Ghost Towns, No $$, People Leave!!

Nevada is the largest gold-producing state in the nation.

It is second in the world behind South Africa. Mark Twain began his writing career as a reporter for the Virginia City

Territorial Enterprise.

Study Guide #5- Becoming A State

I. 1860- Taken from Utah Terr. – Now Nevada Terr.

A. Miners get U.S. to separate Nevada from Utah 1. Miners do not want Mormon rules

II. Battle Born- 1864 (Enabling Act) A. NV becomes state during Civil War

1. Why? a. Lincoln needs Electoral College votes for 2 nd Election B. New Nevada Congressmen/ Senators could help pass new Amendments to the Constitution (Outlaw slavery / Punish South) 1.**NOT because of silver to save the Union!** 2. Constitution sent entirely by Telegraph a. Had to get to Washington fast so we could vote for Lincoln in 1864 election (Oct. 31, 1864- Nevada Day!) http://www.clan.lib.nv.us/content.asp?id=1

Hoover Dam, the largest single public works project in the history of the United States, contains 3.25 million cubic yards of concrete, which is enough to pave a two-lane highway from San Francisco to New York.

Flamingo Hotel exterior, mid 1950s Convention Center, 1958

Sands Hotel, early 1950s.

Boulder Club, 1950s.

Fremont Street, 1978

Circus Hotel & Casino, late 1960s Circus Hotel Today

Las Vegas Blvd. (The Strip), 1964,

• Looking across Truckee Meadows, toward

the Sierra Nevada Mountains, c. 1868

Fist fighting was a popular sport in the camps, it was a brutal event. It was out and out bare fisted fighting. That is until the first legislature of the Territory of Nevada of which Virginia City was in, made it unlawful for persons to fight "to the terror of the citizens of the Territory". Sometime later boxing was legalized as long as gloves were used.

• Jeffries vs. Johnson - Reno Jeffries retired undefeated in 1904 to his alfalfa farm in southern California.

He had not fought in six years. He was elected by the press and the public as the "White Hope", the only man who might beat Jack Johnson. Jeffries was older and past his prime. Johnson was at his peak. In the fifteenth round Jeffries was knocked down, barely rose before the count was over, and his seconds threw in the sponge. It was a match that made boxing history.

Members of the Fallon Baseball Team 1911 at Lovelock for a league game

Tonapah High School 1916 Girls Basketball Team

The Manhattan Baseball Team 1912. Note the letter "M" in the diamond design on the jerseys, and a portion of "Manhattan" on the jersey of the man in the white uniform, kneeling in the front row.

Get out Study Guide, H.W. and poster assessment! Be ready to trap on the poster assessment!

Sponge # 5 4-13-07

DON’T WRITE QUESTIONS- JUST ANSWERS • Describe the major event that led people to permanently settle in Nevada. • What city became the center of this event?

• Describe life of early boomtowns.

• What group settled even before mining started?

• Get out Study Guide and Notes!!

• What is the Enabling Act and what are some of the rules? (p.81) • Why were camels brought to Nevada? (p.96) • What do these quotes say about Las Vegas in the early 1900’s? (p.133) • Look at the Chinese population. Can you explain why their numbers grew and then declined? (p.141) • What are the tunnels of North Las Vegas? (p.147) • What is the real name of the dam in Las Vegas? (p.157) • What was Las Vegas’ nickname and what two people gave it that reputation? (p.171) • What was Meyer Lansky’s quote in the 1940’s? (p.171) • Why was Reno called “The Biggest Little City in the World?” (p. 191) • How did the Southern Nevada Water Project help Southern Nevada? (p.195) • What were some of the “firsts” of the Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley? (p.198) • What is the percent of Whites that live in Nevada? What is the second largest ethnicity in Nevada? (p.197)

Sponge #4

1.

2.

4-12-07

YOU DO NOT HAVE TO WRITE OUT THE QUESTIONS, ANSWERS ONLY!!!

DRAW A PICTURE OF THE THREE PEOPLE BELOW TO HELP YOU REMEMBER WHY THEY ARE IMPORTANT 1. Ogden-Humboldt River 2. James Nye- 1 st Governor of NV Territory.

3. Lincoln- President when NV became a state 4. Freemont- Explored NV looking for route to CA 1. What is the Ancient lake that covered most of Northern NV?

2. Why is NV a desert (hint: Mountains)?

3. What was the 1 st white settlement?

4. What river played the biggest role in helping settlers? (hint: starts with a T) 5. Which trail was the easiest for settlers and emigrants to cross? (Spanish, California or Central) 6. What is the major event that let people to permanently settle in Nevada?