Transcript Slide 1

iPASI Collaboration
High Power Targets
1. RaDIATE Collaboration
2. UK-PASI programme
3. Collaborative activities between Fermilab/STFC
Chris Densham & Patrick Hurh
Targets Working Group Co-conveners
1.iPASI: RaDIATE Collaboration
(as I understand it)
iPASI (international) participants in RaDIATE and other PASI related Target Activities
RaDIATE Collaboration (named on draft MoU)
PASI-UK
STFC/RAL
International
Fermilab
Brookhaven NL
Pacific Northwest NL
Oak Ridge NL
Argonne NL
Los Alamos NL
FRIB/MSU
CERN
ESS (?)
ISIS
High Power Targets Group
Particle Physics Dept
ASTeC
PASI-UK Universities
Sheffield
Warwick
Huddersfield
UK materials community
Oxford (MFFP Group)
Manchester
National Nuclear Lab
Baznutec Ltd
New collaboration set up after
1st PASI workshop (Proton Accelerators for Science &
Innovation) at Fermilab, January 2012
http://www-radiate.fnal.gov/index.html
MoU between Fermilab, BNL, Pacific Northwest NL,
STFC, University of Oxford - just signed by DoE!
More details in Kavin Ammigan and Barry Jones talk
in WG1 Session 2
RaDIATE Objectives
• As proton accelerator particle sources (target facilities)
become increasingly powerful, there is a pressing need to
better understand and predict the radiation response of
structural window and target materials.
• RaDIATE aims:
• Introduce materials scientists with expertise in radiation
damage to accelerator targets community
– recruit and develop new scientific and engineering experts who can
cross the boundaries between these communities
• Generate new and useful materials data for application
within the accelerator and fission/fusion communities;
– co-ordinate in-beam experiments and post-irradiation examination
• Initiate, coordinate and exploit a continuing synergy
between research in these currently disparate communities
Parameter space for consideration by Oxford
RaDIATE materials programme
Parameter Space for consideration by Oxford RaDIATE programme ('Whiteboard', Oxford, 20 Aug 2012)
(revised 15 Nov 2012: P. Hurh, 16 Nov 2012: T. Davenne, 25 Jan 2013: K. Ammigan)
Material
Application
Facility
(startup)
Proton beam
parameters
Potential
Samples available
Correlations/Anal
experiments/
(see IMT)
ogues
studies
Graphite
Beryllium
700 kW; 120
Beam windows
LBNE (2020+) GeV; ~1 Hz; σrms =
(vacuum to air)
1.3 mm
Targets
Targets
0.1-0.4 mm thick
Ion
LBNE - 700 kW,
700 kW; 120
miniBoone; 1999 irradiation?,
L = 950 mm, D
GeV; ~1 Hz; σrms = NuMI Target Test, SP- HiRadMat, Zr? (also HCP) = 15.3 mm (48
1.3 mm
0 Target SEM
EBSD?, TEM,
mechanistic
sections)
Windows (FNAL); APT studies,
insight
2mm thick Be head Micromechan
LBNE - 2.3
sheets (CERN)
ics
MW, L = 950 2.3 MW; 120
mm, D = 15.3 GeV; 1 Hz; σrms =
mm (48
1.3 mm
sections)
LBNE: L = 950
700 kW; 120
mm, D = 15.3
GeV; ~1 Hz; σrms = BLIP (180 MeV, 0.1 Tomography,
mm (48
Indentation,
1.3 mm
DPA) NuMI targets;
AGR graphite
sections)
Microstructur
ISIS muon targets?
al studies
750 kW; 30 GeV;
T2K (2008 -)
0.5 Hz
Tungsten
ISIS (1980 -)
Targets
200 kW; 0.8 GeV;
50 Hz
Judith shock
ISIS tungsten
loading
tests
target
for
5 MW; 3 GeV; 15 ISIS target (c.12 DPA);
ESS (2020)
cutting
&
Hz
W from BLIP; Oxford?
testing (SCKMu2e (2020): L 8 kW; 8 GeV;
CEN, Belgium) JRJ Bennett 'little
= 160 mm, D = 0.75 Hz; σrms = 1
wire'
6 mm
mm
Topics of Interest
Mechanical strength; Thermal conductivity;
Fracture toughness; Cyclic thermal stress (+
stress waves); Max operating temperature?;
Changes to E and α?; Creep fatigue lifetime; H2
and He embrittlement; Impurities effects on
microstructure; Void swelling; Irradiation creep;
Stress relaxation; Creep ductility; Irradiation
growth; Preferred orientation and oxidation
Thermal conductivity; Integrity; Gas production:
pores, interfaces; Swelling/Voiding; Cyclic
thermal stress (waves); Gamma-damage?;
Optimum temperature?; Damage limits?
Thermal conductivity; Integrity; Void swelling;
H2/He embrittlement; Creep/Fatigue;
Differentiate failure mechanisms; Impurity
effects on embrittlement; Irradiation creep
High-T He embrittlement?; Effects of
microstructure changes?
RaDIATE news
• Monthly meetings (5 so far)
• DPA calculation incorporation into MARS
– Necessary for all material studies
• Scoping study underway by NNL/Oxford (c/o Steve
Roberts/Materials for Fission & Fusion Power Group)
– Initial report on Beryllium on website (Colin English/Barry
Jones/NNL)
– Graphite report underway (Graham Hall/Manchester)
• ‘PASI’ Post-doc recruitment at Oxford awaiting full
funding
– To work on beryllium & beryllium alloys
– Widely applicable for beam windows and low-Z targets
– Interesting new research topic
6
RaDIATE news (continued)
• Graphite in-beam tests at BLIP/BNL
• University of Manchester now part of URA
• NNUF (National Nuclear User’s Facility) at Culham
(Real news!)
– To perform activated materials testing (micro-mechanical)
– £5M equipment purchase underway
– £10M earmarked next year
• Hope to include tungsten research in future (seek
funding by ESS?)
– Testing of unirradiated samples of ISIS tungsten targets at
Oxford (MFFP) underway
– Collaboration underway with SCK-CEN (Belgium) to perform
materials tests on irradiated ISIS tungsten target
– Samples would be passed to NNUF for micro-mechanical
tests
7
Micro-mechanical testing
• Unique materials expertise
at Oxford (MFFP Group)
3mm
• Micro-cantilevers machined
by Focused Ion Beams
• Compression tests
• Tension tests
1um
• Three Point Bend
• Cantilever bending
3mm
10mm
4mm
Chris Densham
2. PASI-UK Programme
(co-ordinator Rob Edgecock)
• WP1 – ‘Generic’ tools for high power target
development and operation (c/o David Jenkins)
– Task 1: Monitoring systems – structural, heat transfer,
erosion/corrosion integrity + temperature
– Task 2: Studies for high Z targets
• WP2 – ISIS upgrades (c/o Matt Fletcher)
– Task 1: Improvements to TS1 target (up to 0.5 MW)
- Task 2: ESS contributions
- WP3 – Fluidised tungsten (c/o Chris Densham)
– Flow rig development
– Pulsed proton beam test at HiRadMat facility
• All topics covered in more detail in WG1 Session 3
PASI-UK community
UK Universities
Rob Edgecock, Cristian Bungau, Adriana Bungau (Huddersfield
University)
Ali Ahmed (Sheffield University)
John Back (Warwick University)
STFC/RAL
Matt Fletcher, David Jenkins, Eamonn Quinn, Leslie Jones, Roger
Bennett (ISIS)
Stephen Brooks (ASTeC)
Chris Densham, Tristan Davenne, Mike Fitton, Peter Loveridge, Otto
Caretta, Dan Wilcox (HPTG)
ISIS/PASI Target collaboration
Target Station 2
•
•
•
•
10 Hz operation
32 kW power
Solid tungsten rod target
Water cooled
Image: http://www.isis.stfc.ac.uk/about-isis/annual-review/2007/accelerator-and-target-developments-7641.html
ISIS/PASI Target collaboration
Target Station 2
•
•
•
•
10 Hz operation
32 kW power
Solid tungsten rod target
Water cooled
Target Station 1
•
•
•
40 Hz operation
128 kW power
Tungsten plate target
WP2 Objective:
•
More neutrons
from TS1!
Image: http://www.isis.stfc.ac.uk/about-isis/annual-review/2007/accelerator-and-target-developments-7641.html
PASI-UK: Learning
the limits of solid
tungsten targets
Beam on
TS-2 Mk1
PASI-UK: generic (tungsten) test equipment
in preparation
1.
2.
High pressure water
erosion test rig –
components delivered
(Tristan Davenne/Otto
Caretta)
10 kW, 400 kHz
induction heater power
supply delivered e.g.
for Mu2e or ISIS
target testing (Tristan
Davenne)
Tantalum coated tungsten
sample
Impinging
water jet
Jet diameter < 10mm
Water velocity: 1-50m/s
UV
steriliser
nozzle
Chilled
water
circuit
Water
flow
meter
Buffer
tank
Thermostatic
control valve
Pump
filter
Steady-State Von-Mises Stress Field
Tension
Compre
ssion
3.
PSU purchased for high
temperature tungsten
fatigue (Peter Loveridge,
Roger Bennett, Ali Ahmad)
PASI-UK WP3: Fluidised tungsten powder technology
• Potential solution for applications requiring highest
pulsed beam powers e.g. Neutrino Factory
• New technology demonstrated off-line at RAL
• In-beam experiment on powder sample carried out
at CERN
– First experiment to be carried out at new HiRadMat
test facility in May 2012
– Collaboration with Ilias Efthymiopoulos, Nikolaos
Charitonidis (CERN)
• 2nd experiment planned after long LHC shutdown
1st experiment at HiRadMat, CERN (May 2012)
Lift height
correlates with
deposited
energy
Shot #8, 1.75e11 protons
Note: nice uniform lift
Shot #9, 1.85e11 protons
Note: filaments!
Trough photographed after the experiment.
Note: powder disruption
3. Collaborations between Fermilab and STFC/RAL
2.
1st NOvA (ME)
target for 700
kW beam
3.
2nd NOvA
target under
manufacture
5.
1.
LBNE & NuMI (LE) target
studies & prototyping
4.
Mu2e target design, development
& materials testing under way
Be window
experiment proposal
for HiRadMat