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University of Florida
Solid Waste Management Office
Albert A. Krause
Solid Waste Coordinator
Bldg. 809 SW Radio Road
P.O. Box 117745
Gainesville, FL 32611-7745
TEL (352) 392-7396 FAX (352) 392-3044
mailto: [email protected]
http://www.ppd.ufl.edu/grounds-refuse.html
University of Florida
Solid Waste
Reduction Program
As of: July 1, 2005
Decreasing Solid Waste
Reduce Consumption of Materials
Conservation pays . . . Up front and afterward.
Repair/Reuse Products
Consider both replacement and disposal costs.
Buy Repairable/Recyclable Products
We can’t reuse the unusable.
Recycle Used Products and Materials
Recycling, where practical, can reduce our need for
raw material, reduce energy needs by 30 to 90% and cut down
on pollution and the demand for disposal sites.
State Goal (1988)
Reduce landfill disposals by over 30% through
recycling. Include paper, OCC, cans.
University Objective
Minimize operating costs through waste
reduction and improved efficiency.
Solid Waste Mission
Minimize overall waste disposal costs while
maintaining a recycling rate of at least 30%.
Enrollment vs. Waste Production
(Waste Includes Health Center/Shands)
60000
48765
50000
40000
30000
20000
36243
15013
13396
19428
17667
10000
11404
11571
0
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04
Fiscal/Academic Year
Enrollment
Total Waste (tons)
GSF (K)
Landfilled (tons)
Annual Recycling Rate
45
40
35
30
%
Recycled 25
20
15
10
Reduced
Construction
Activity

Adjusted for
Hurricane
Debris

34.4%
GOAL= >30%
17%
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04
Fiscal Year
UF Recycling Includes:
Office Paper
(all kinds)
Newsprint
Cardboard
Phone Books
Magazines
Junk Mail
Soft-Cover Books
Cotton Goods
Cans (all types)
Glass & Plastic
Jars & Bottles
Auto Batteries
Ni-Cd, Li & Hg
Batteries
Used Oil & Filters
Used Antifreeze
Toner Cartridges
Chemicals &
Solvents
White Goods
Scrap Metal
Precious Metals
Wastewater Solids
Used Pallets
Yard Debris
Masonry &
Concrete
Fluorescent Tubes
Used Lumber
Scope of Recycling
 On-site support at over 350 major buildings and complexes.
 Over 1800 scheduled services per week at 1300+ locations for
paper products and beverage containers alone.
 Central drop-offs for scrap metal, white goods, beverage
containers, and used shipping pallets.
 Central drop-off plus curbside collection of yard waste.
 Central drop-off facility supplemented by on-site collections for
hazardous/environmentally sensitive recyclables
(operated by Environmental Health &Safety Division).
 Central drop-off facility supplemented by on-site collections for
electronics (operated by Surplus Property Office).
 Dispersed departmental collections of low-density/low
frequency products (toner cartridges, clothing, etc.).
Recycling (FY 2004): 6,096 + tons
(Adjusted for ~ 2500 tons Hurricane Yard Debris)
Yard Waste:
Paper Products:
Masonry/Concrete:
Scrap Metal:
Sludge:
Cans, Bottles & Jars:
tons
3,224
1,936
485
351
272
128
(About 200 tons of other products were recycled,
but were not centrally tracked.)
Waste Costs
Facilities / Space
Containers and
Equipment
Maintenance
Processing
Collection
Transport
Disposal
Several iterations
may be involved,
e.g., user to recycle
bin, custodian to
area dumpster,
collector to
processor, hauler to
buyer, buyer to
manufacturer.
Approx. Costs Per Ton – FY2003/04
(to Refuse Account)
Collection
Cost
Disposal
Cost
General Refuse (Loose - Dumpsters)
71.50
43.50
115.00
Compacted Refuse (Compactors)
49.00
43.50
92.50
Construction Debris (Rolloffs)
40.00
40.00
80.00
-
22.50
22.50
177.50
-22.50
155.00
--
7.00
7.00
Scrap Metal*
14.00
-30.00
-16.00
Pallets
56.00
0
56.00
Product
Yard Waste
Paper Products*
Concrete/Masonry
Beverage Containers (Metal, Glass, Plastic)
2,000.00
Total
Cost*
25.00 2,025.00
* Excludes external (e.g., custodian, client) costs and savings.
General Observations



The greater the amount of a product in your waste
stream, the more likely it is that separation and
recovery or diversion will be cost effective.
Costs increase dramatically for separating and
managing low density and mixed-component
materials.
Often the difference between #1 and #2 is
dependent on the level at which waste is managed.
It’s a factor of scale.
Reducing Solid Waste Costs
1. Reduce Waste



Reduce consumption: buy less, discard less.
Reuse, repair, re-sell or donate used items.
Recycle waste materials into useful products.
2. Improve Efficiency




Consolidate collection sites.
Reduce waste volume through compaction.
Reduce waste weight by pre-processing.
Separate wastes of different classification or
handling characteristics.
Recycling Benefits to UF






Smaller environmental footprint.
Lower overall disposal costs.
Smaller custodial workload.
Secure document destruction.
Enhanced public image.
Improved morale.
Major Recycling Problems:






Composite end items.
Irregular production rates.
Container placement/space.
Contamination of products.
High colIection costs.
Lack of local markets.
Recycling and Sustainability Issues
•
Landfill space is cheap and virtually unlimited.
•
We are victims of our own technologic success.
•
Waste reduction is inseparable from local,
national, and global economics.
•
Eventually, resource constraints and population
growth will make goods expensive and services
cheap – but it will require drastic changes in
lifestyles.
Directions for the Future

Think long-term, think total life-cycle.


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Buy durable, repairable, recyclable products.
Design for repairability.
Design for economic material recovery.
Make resource recovery (recycling) a frontoffice, not back-office activity.
Promote volunteerism, individual
responsibility.