Transcript Chapter Three: Supporting Details

BUILDING
VOCABULARY SKILLS
Fourth Edition
Sherrie L. Nist
© 2010 Townsend Press
Unit Five: Chapter 27
• data
• morbid
• inept
• obstinate
• innate
• parallel
• intervene
• perceptive
• lament
• sedate
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
1 data
– noun
• Marva considers the available data on a car—including its fuel
economy, safety, and repair record—before deciding whether to
buy it.
• Jane Goodall collected important data on chimpanzees by
observing them in the wild.
Data means
A. dates.
B. information.
C. goals.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
1 data
– noun
• Marva considers the available data on a car—including its fuel
economy, safety, and repair record—before deciding whether to
buy it.
• Jane Goodall collected important data on chimpanzees by
observing them in the wild.
Data means
A. dates.
B. information.
C. goals.
Fuel economy, safety, and repair record are three examples of
information that is available about cars. Jane Goodall observed
chimpanzees in order to collect information on them.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
2 inept
– adjective
• I am so inept at carpentry that in my hand, a hammer is a
dangerous weapon.
• Since the actress was inept at playing comic characters, she
decided to try out only for dramatic roles.
Inept means
A. effective.
B. unskilled.
C. calm.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
2 inept
– adjective
• I am so inept at carpentry that in my hand, a hammer is a
dangerous weapon.
• Since the actress was inept at playing comic characters, she
decided to try out only for dramatic roles.
Inept means
A. effective.
B. unskilled.
C. calm.
One would have to be unskilled at carpentry for a hammer to be a
dangerous weapon. If the actress decided to try out only for
dramatic roles, she must be unskilled at playing comic characters.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
3 innate
– adjective
• Rick’s musical ability must be innate. Even as a young child, he
could play the piano by ear and make up his own songs.
• Psychologists try to learn which of our abilities and interests are
innate and which of them we gain through experience.
Innate means
A. present from birth.
B. worthwhile.
C. learned through experience.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
3 innate
– adjective
• Rick’s musical ability must be innate. Even as a young child, he
could play the piano by ear and make up his own songs.
• Psychologists try to learn which of our abilities and interests are
innate and which of them we gain through experience.
Innate means
A. present from birth.
B. worthwhile.
C. learned through experience.
If Rick could play the piano by ear as a young child, his musical
ability must have been present from birth. In the second item,
abilities gained through experience are contrasted with those
that are present from birth.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
4 intervene
– verb
• The two boxers would have killed each other if the referee hadn’t
finally intervened.
• When my brothers argue, I get out of the way rather than trying to
intervene.
Intervene means
A. to leave.
B. to pass through.
C. to come between.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
4 intervene
– verb
• The two boxers would have killed each other if the referee hadn’t
finally intervened.
• When my brothers argue, I get out of the way rather than trying to
intervene.
Intervene means
A. to leave.
B. to pass through.
C. to come between.
The referee would have to come between the boxers in order to
prevent them from killing each other. In the second item, getting out
of the way is contrasted with coming between the fighting brothers.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
5 lament
– verb
• When her mother died, Evelyn lamented her passing for weeks,
crying every day.
• Blues songs lament loneliness, sadness, and the hardships of life,
rather than celebrating happy situations.
Lament means
A. to mourn.
B. to doubt.
C. to disturb.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
5 lament
– verb
• When her mother died, Evelyn lamented her passing for weeks,
crying every day.
• Blues songs lament loneliness, sadness, and the hardships of life,
rather than celebrating happy situations.
Lament means
A. to mourn.
B. to doubt.
C. to disturb.
If Evelyn cried every day, she must have mourned her mother’s death.
In the second sentence, mourning sad situations is contrasted with
celebrating happy situations.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
6 morbid
– adjective
• Great comedians can turn a topic as morbid as murder into a
source of laughter.
• On Halloween, sweet little Nickie chose a morbid costume—a
disgusting-looking monster with a “bloody” hand and hatchet.
Morbid means
A. horrible.
B. convenient.
C. boring.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
6 morbid
– adjective
• Great comedians can turn a topic as morbid as murder into a
source of laughter.
• On Halloween, sweet little Nickie chose a morbid costume—a
disgusting-looking monster with a “bloody” hand and hatchet.
Morbid means
A. horrible.
B. convenient.
C. boring.
Murder is usually a horrible topic. In the second item, a disgustinglooking monster with a “bloody” hand and hatchet would be a horrible
costume.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
7 obstinate
– adjective
• No matter how much I urged him, Andrew remained obstinate—
he refused to make up with Lonnell, who was once his best
friend.
• My father is usually very obstinate, but not with his sister, who
is even more stubborn than he is.
Obstinate means
A. lazy.
B. dishonest.
C. stubborn.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
7 obstinate
– adjective
• No matter how much I urged him, Andrew remained obstinate—
he refused to make up with Lonnell, who was once his best
friend.
• My father is usually very obstinate, but not with his sister, who
is even more stubborn than he is.
Obstinate means
A. lazy.
B. dishonest.
C. stubborn.
If Andrew refused to make up with his former best friend Lonnell,
he was being stubborn. In the second item, the word stubborn
tells you the meaning of obstinate.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
8 parallel
– adjective
• To make the stripes he was painting parallel, Alexei measured to
be sure there were exactly three inches between them at the top,
middle, and bottom.
• Parallel lines run alongside each other but never meet.
Parallel means
A. clear.
B. apart an equal distance at
every point.
C. going up and down.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
8 parallel
– adjective
• To make the stripes he was painting parallel, Alexei measured to
be sure there were exactly three inches between them at the top,
middle, and bottom.
• Parallel lines run alongside each other but never meet.
Parallel means
A. clear.
B. apart an equal distance at
every point.
C. going up and down.
In the first item, the lines are parallel because
they are apart an equal distance at every point.
In the second item, if the lines run alongside
each other but never meet, they must be apart
an equal distance at every point.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
9 perceptive
– adjective
• Children are more perceptive than many people think. They can
usually sense their parents’ moods and know whether or not it is
a good time to ask for something.
• Professor Banks is very perceptive. She always seems to know
which of her students are under unusual stress.
Perceptive means
A. detached.
B. aware.
C. selfish.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
9 perceptive
– adjective
• Children are more perceptive than many people think. They can
usually sense their parents’ moods and know whether or not it is
a good time to ask for something.
• Professor Banks is very perceptive. She always seems to know
which of her students are under unusual stress.
Perceptive means
A. detached.
B. aware.
C. selfish.
If children can sense their parents’ moods, they must be aware.
If Professor Banks always knows which students are under stress,
she must be aware.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
10 sedate
– adjective
• While the officer wrote out the ticket, Beverly remained sedate,
and then she even wished him a pleasant day. But after he left,
she pounded the steering wheel and screamed, “Why me!?”
• An experienced surgeon, Dr. Greenbaum remains sedate even in
an emergency, performing the most complicated operations with
complete self-control.
Sedate means
A. angry.
B. doubtful.
C. calm.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
10 sedate
– adjective
• While the officer wrote out the ticket, Beverly remained sedate,
and then she even wished him a pleasant day. But after he left,
she pounded the steering wheel and screamed, “Why me!?”
• An experienced surgeon, Dr. Greenbaum remains sedate even in
an emergency, performing the most complicated operations with
complete self-control.
Sedate means
A. angry.
B. doubtful.
C. calm.
In contrast with pounding the steering
wheel and screaming, Beverly remained
calm while the officer was present. In the
second item, the words complete self
control suggest that sedate means “calm.”
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A. data
B. inept
C. innate
D. intervene
E. lament
F. morbid
G. obstinate
H. parallel
I. perceptive
J. sedate
1. For his psychology experiment, Rudy is gathering ________
to show which memory aids work best for students.
2. I’m so _________ at bowling that I usually roll the ball
straight into the gutter.
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A. data
B. inept
C. innate
D. intervene
E. lament
F. morbid
G. obstinate
H. parallel
I. perceptive
J. sedate
1. For his psychology experiment, Rudy is gathering ________
data
to show which memory aids work best for students.
If Rudy is doing an experiment, he would gather information for
his study.
2. I’m so _________
at bowling that I usually roll the ball
inept
straight into the gutter.
Someone who usually rolls the ball into the gutter must be unskillful
at bowling.
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A. data
B. inept
C. innate
D. intervene
E. lament
F. morbid
G. obstinate
H. parallel
I. perceptive
J. sedate
3. The child had nightmares after he listened to a(n)
_______ story about Dracula that was full of attacks by
vampires.
4. While my dog gets excited easily, my cat remains _________
even when everyone around her is in a whirl of activity.
5. When you frame a picture, the picture’s edges should be
__________ to those of the frame, not dipping down or
slanting up.
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A. data
B. inept
C. innate
D. intervene
E. lament
F. morbid
G. obstinate
H. parallel
I. perceptive
J. sedate
3. The child had nightmares after he listened to a
_______
morbid story about Dracula that was full of attacks by
vampires.
A story that is full of attacks by vampires would be gruesome.
4. While my dog gets excited easily, my cat remains _________
sedate
even when everyone around her is in a whirl of activity.
In contrast with the dog who get excited easily, the cat remains calm.
5. When you frame a picture, the picture’s edges should be
__________
parallel to those of the frame, not dipping down or
slanting up.
The edge of a picture should be the same distance from the frame
at every point.
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A. data
delete
B. inept
impartial
C. innate
integrity
D. legitimate
intervene
E.
E. lenient
lament
F. morbid
menace
G. obstinate
morale
H. parallel
naive
I. overt
perceptive
J.
J. undermine
sedate
6. Kwan is so __________ that she often correctly judges a
person’s character after a brief conversation.
7. When children get into a fight, it is sometimes best not
to __________, but to let them work it out themselves.
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A. data
delete
B. inept
impartial
C. innate
integrity
D. legitimate
intervene
E.
E. lenient
lament
F. morbid
menace
G. obstinate
morale
H. parallel
naive
I. overt
perceptive
J.
J. undermine
sedate
6. Kwan is so __________
perceptive that she often correctly judges a
person’s character after a brief conversation.
If Kwan can correctly judge a person’s character so quickly, she must
be insightful.
7. When children get into a fight, it is sometimes best not
to __________,
intervene but to let them work it out themselves.
If the children are to work it out themselves, one must not come
between them to influence their actions.
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A. data
delete
B. inept
impartial
C. innate
integrity
D. legitimate
intervene
E.
E. lenient
lament
F. morbid
menace
G. obstinate
morale
H. parallel
naive
I. overt
perceptive
J.
J. undermine
sedate
8. Shawna tried to persuade her son to join the family for
dinner, but he was __________, refusing to leave his
room no matter what she said.
9. People all over the United States _______(e)d the death of
Martin Luther King, Jr., who is now honored with a national
holiday on his birthday.
10. Richard’s gift for fixing machines seems __________. Even
as a child, he could take one look at a broken machine and
know what was wrong with it.
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A. data
delete
B. inept
impartial
C. innate
integrity
D. legitimate
intervene
E.
E. lenient
lament
F. morbid
menace
G. obstinate
morale
H. parallel
naive
I. overt
perceptive
J.
J. undermine
sedate
8. Shawna tried to persuade her son to join the family for
dinner, but he was __________,
obstinate refusing to leave his
room no matter what she said.
If he refused to leave his room, he was being stubborn.
9. People all over the United States __________
lamented the death of
Martin Luther King, Jr., who is now honored with a national
holiday on his birthday.
If he is now remembered with a national holiday, people must
have mourned his death when he was killed.
10. Richard’s gift for fixing machines seems __________.
Even
innate
as a child, he could take one look at a broken machine and
know what was wrong with it.
If Richard could fix machines even as a child, he must have
possessed the gift since birth.