Transcript Slide 1

Sumner County Emergency Communications
Updated March 2013
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SCEC – Basic Radio Operations for Responders, Updated December 2012
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2
While not required, it is beneficial to complete the “Basic Radio
Technology” and “Basic Radio Ops” training classes prior to
completing this class.
This class should not be a substitute for the actual reading and study
of the Communication Guideline.
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3
Efficient radio communications are critical to the prompt and accurate
response of emergency field units and their operations at emergency
incidents. It is most vital in ensuring the safety of responders in the
performance of their duties. It is important that all Radio Operators
(as defined) follow and adhere to common radio practices to ensure
that communications are successful.
Interim SOG “Radio System Usage”, effective 6/1/2013 replaces
SOG Section 2-1 issued in 2004.
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4
Law Enforcement Officers
Firefighters
Medical Technicians (EMR, EMT, and Paramedics)
EMA Personnel
Public Safety Dispatchers
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All radio operators should adhere to FCC Rules.
If FCC Rules are violated, agencies and operators
can be heavily fined, face criminal penalties,
and have radio licenses revoked.
While there are numerous rules, those most common are listed here.
FCC – Federal Communications Commission
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Listen before transmitting.
This prevents causing interference with
others who may already be broadcasting or
in the middle of a conversation.
Exception: Interrupt to transmit the report
of a critical emergency involving lifesafety.
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Do not transmit false calls or false distress
signals.
This may place other rescuers in danger
who are responding to assist you.
Criminal charges could also be placed
against you.
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8
Avoid unnecessary radio communications
that could interfere with emergency
communications.
The radio is a tool that may be needed for
an emergency at any time. Communications that can be performed via
telephone or other means should not be
broadcast by radio.
The radio is not a telephone.
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9
Refrain from transmitting obscene
language over the air.
Not only an FCC Regulation, but
remember there are citizens listening on
scanners.
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10
Restrict communications to the most
practical transmission time. Messages
should be limited to no more than 30
seconds without a break.
This allows the opportunity for someone
with emergency traffic to begin
transmitting.
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11
Personal business should not be
conducted over public safety radio
frequencies.
Examples:
•Placing a lunch order over the radio
•Asking another radio operator to
make a personal phone call for you
•Using public safety radios for hunting or sporting events
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Inspect radios frequently to ensure they
are free of defects and connections are
tight.
•Coax cables should be free of wear
and connections should be tight.
•Insulation on electrical wiring should
be intact.
•Electrical connections should be free
of corrosion.
•Antennas should be securely
mounted.
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This is an example of how a portable radio
antenna should NOT look.
While radio equipment and accessories
are expensive, lives depend on them.
Funds should be budgeted to allow for
the proper purchase and professional
installation of radio equipment, and
funds budgeted for replacement when
needed.
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Radios should be checked at the
beginning of each shift to ensure they are
working properly.
Walkie-Talkie batteries should be
replaced every 18 months.
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15
Use the microphone properly to ensure
adequate communications.
Check the manufacturers
recommendations for proper placement
and use.
When using lapel microphones, remember
it is the radio that transmits and not the
microphone. Position yourself so the
portable radio and antenna are able to
reach the tower.
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Limit background noises that can interfere
with communications.
•Wind
•FM Radios
•Train horns
•Highway traffic
•Etc
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Pause after pressing the PTT button to
allow access to the trunking system and to
allow repeaters to open.
This prevents “front-end clipping”, or
cutting off the first one or two words of
your transmission.
PTT – “Push to Talk” button
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Use only commonly accepted terminology.
Unfamiliar terms or jargon can confuse the
situation and lead to a breakdown in
communications and potential threat to
safety.
Most “ten codes” are obsolete and can be
different from location to location. Time
must be dedicated to training operators on
ten-codes, time that can be better spent
on other essential training.
http://www.dhs.gov/emergency-communications-guidance-documents-and-publications
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19
Click on the correct answer.
Violating FCC Rules and Regulations can lead to
a. Monetary fines
b. Revocation of radio license
c. Criminal penalties
d. All of the above
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Correct!
Violating FCC Rules can lead to monetary fines, loss of license, and
potential criminal prosecution.
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22
Click on the correct answer.
Listening before transmitting ensures
a. The channel is not already in use
b. Background noises are adequate
c. Your alternator is not creating “engine noise”
d. All of the above
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Correct!
The radio is a tool used by many public safety officials. Unless you
have a critical emergency, you should listen before transmitting
to ensure you do not “walk on” or interrupt another unit’s
broadcast.
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Click on the correct answer.
The radio is a tool that may be needed for an emergency at any
time. Communications that can be performed via telephone or
other means should not be broadcast by radio.
a. True
b. False
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Sorry. That is incorrect.
The radio may be used at any time for an “officer down” or “mayday”
message. If you do not have a need to talk on the radio, use
another form of communication.
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Correct!
The radio may be used at any time for an “officer down” or “mayday”
message. If you do not have a need to talk on the radio, use
another form of communication.
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Click on the correct answer.
A daily radio inspection ensures that
a. The radio is narrowband capable
b. Your radio will always hit the repeater
c. Wiring and connections are tight and intact
d. None of the above
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Correct!
Radio operators are not radio technicians. Inspecting the radio
ensures that wiring and coax insulation is intact and connections
are tight, but does not guarantee you will always be able to hit
the repeater.
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Click on the correct answer.
It is important to replace radios and radio accessories when
needed because
a. The newest radios are always the best
b. Lives depend on the radio
c. You will maintain status quo with other agencies
d. All of the above
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Correct!
Lives depend on the radios we use. They should be treated with the
same care and given the same consideration as a law
enforcement officer’s weapon, or a fire department SCBA, or the
AED on the ambulance.
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Do not confuse LTR “Zones” with the channel banks that are installed
in your radio.
Zone 1 talk groups end with the digit “1”.
•Patrol 1
•Patrol 1 South
•Investigations 1
•Fire/EMS 1
•TAC 1 and TAC 11
•Admin 1
•EMA 1
•Training 1
•Common 1
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Zone 2 talk groups end with the digit “2”.
•Patrol 2
•Patrol 2 South
•Investigations 2
•Fire/EMS 2
•TAC 2 and TAC 12
•Admin 2
•EMA 2
•Training 2
•Common 2
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Zone 3 talk groups end with the digit “3”.
•TAC 3 and TAC 13
•Training 3
•Common 3
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Patrol 1 South and Patrol 2 South actually transmit on the Caldwell PD
frequency which is bridged to the trunking system,
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Patrol units working west of
Drury Rd and south of 90th
Street South should switch to
Patrol 1 South (or Patrol 2
South as warranted).
Caldwell units leaving the
designated area should
switch to Patrol 1 (or Patrol 2
as warranted).
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39
Any radio channel with the suffix “D” (as indicated by the LCD screen
on the radio) indicates the channel is “direct”, or a talkaround
channel, and bypasses the repeater.
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National Mutual Aid Channels, as stipulated by the Kansas Mutual
Aid Reference Guide, include the following;
•800MHz – 8CALL90 and 8TAC92
•UHF – UCALL40 and UTAC 42
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41
The trunking system receives and analyzes data received from
mobile and portable radios. If the radio is programmed and
authorized correctly, the trunking system activates and begins to
operate.
When keying up on the trunking system, an “access” beep will be
heard indicating the system has been accessed.
Field units should wait until the access beep is heard before
transmitting to prevent front-end clipping.
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If radios are not within range of the trunking system, operators will not
hear an access beep, and the transmit light on the radio will begin
flashing.
Units not in range of the trunking system (or a bridge to the trunking
system) should switch to the appropriate conventional channel or wait
until they are in range.
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In the event all trunking repeaters are busy, operators will receive a
“busy” tone.
Units should wait until the trunking system is available, or switch to
the appropriate conventional channel to transmit.
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If units cannot access the trunking system using a handheld radio,
the operator should try moving their position a few feet which may
allow access.
If access cannot be gained, units should use their mobile radio, or
switch to the appropriate conventional channel.
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Because of the number of available talk groups and conventional
channels, dispatchers will only monitor the following;
•Patrol 1
•Patrol 2
•Fire/EMS 1
•Fire/EMS 2
•EMA 1
•TAC 1
•Ops 1
•Ops 2
•Ops 3
•Ops 4
•Ops 5
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All Patrol units will operate on Patrol 1.
Exceptions:
•Caldwell PD operates on Patrol 1 South
•Field units patrolling or responding to areas west of Drury Rd and
south of 90th St South should switch to Patrol 1 South
•When leaving the designated geographical area for Patrol 1 South,
Caldwell units should switch to Patrol 1.
•Courthouse Security Officers should operate on “Courthouse Link”.
This is a bridge between a Courthouse radio and the trunking system.
•When WPD units are at their station, they should use Courthouse
Link for portable radios. (Structural barriers prevent Courthouse
Security and WPD from transmitting outside of their buildings).
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Communications between detectives/investigators should be
conducted on Investigation 1.
When calling dispatch, investigators should use Patrol 1.
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Administration 1 is available for administrative communications with
and between Chiefs, the Sheriff, Undersheriff, Chief Deputy, etc.
Example:
“100 to 102…meet me on Admin 1”.
When calling dispatch, administrators should use Patrol 1.
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Communications between agencies or non-dispatch related
communications between units can be conducted on Common 1.
Example:
•“50 to 60…meet me on Common 1”.
•“Wellington 200 to County 901…meet me on Common 1”.
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Field units communicating or attempting communications with Harper,
Kingman, or Cowley County units should use the appropriate
conventional radio channel.
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Field units conducting traffic control should ask dispatch for the
assignment of a tactical talk group or Ops channel.
This keeps the primary dispatch channels clear of unnecessary
traffic for dispatching calls and communications with active field
units.
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TAC channels should also be used for incidents requiring lengthy
scene times. Examples include;
•Manhunts
•Barricaded Subjects
•SWAT Ops
•Etc
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When “emergency traffic” is issued on a channel or talk group, all
other law enforcement units should refrain from using the radio.
Dispatchers will not assign an alternate channel.
In the event a field unit finds it necessary to communicate with
dispatch, Patrol 2 or TAC 1 should be used.
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Emergency traffic is issued on;
•Vehicle and foot chases
•At the request of a law enforcement field unit
•At the discretion of the Dispatch Supervisor
Only law enforcement field units have the authority to release
emergency traffic.
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ATL/BOLO’s are broadcast if they have originated within Kansas
Division 5 and in conjunction with the following guidelines;
•Stolen vehicles must be taken within the last four hours
•Runaways must be thought to still be in the area
•Check welfare ATL/BOLO’s must be enroute to Sumner
County
•Officer safety ATL/BOLO’s
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Officer Safety ATL/BOLO’s are issued if the suspect is armed and
dangerous and the message originated in;
•Kansas
•Nebraska
•Iowa
•Missouri
•Arkansas
•Oklahoma
•Colorado
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Hard copies of ATL/BOLO’s are faxed to each agency.
These should be posted so additional shifts can review them at
shift change.
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58
Click on the correct answer.
When operating in the area west of Drury Rd and south of 90th
Street South, law enforcement units should operate on which
talk group?
a. Patrol 1
b. Patrol 2
c. Patrol 1 South
d. Any of the above
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Correct!
Patrol 1 South is a channel bridging the Caldwell PD repeater with
the Trunking System.
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Click on the correct answer.
How will you know if you are in range of the trunking system?
a. Access beep
b. Blinking red light on radio
c. Warble tone
d. None of the above
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Correct!
If you are in range of the trunking system, you will hear an access
beep when you press the PTT button.
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Click on the correct answer.
If you receive a busy signal when keying on the trunking
system, what action should you take?
a. Wait until the system is not busy
b. Attempt to broadcast on another talk group
c. Broadcast on a conventional ops channel
d. Either (a) or (c)
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Correct!
If you receive a busy signal when attempting to key up on the
trunking system, you should wait until the system is not busy. If
your radio traffic is urgent, use the appropriate conventional ops
channel to call dispatch.
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Click on the correct answer.
You can contact dispatch on Common 1, 2, or 3.
a. True
b. False
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Sorry. That is incorrect.
Dispatch only monitors Patrol 1 and 2, Fire/EMS 1 and 2, EMA 1,
TAC 1, and the five conventional channels. If you attempt to
contact dispatch on any other talk group, your radio traffic will
not be heard.
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Correct!
Dispatch only monitors Patrol 1 and 2, Fire/EMS 1 and 2, EMA 1,
TAC 1, and the five conventional channels. If you attempt to
contact dispatch on any other talk group, your radio traffic will
not be heard.
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Click on the correct answer.
To avoid interfering with dispatch operations, what should a
field unit who is conducting traffic control do?
a. Operate on Patrol 2
b. Operate on a Cowley County channel
c. Request assignment of a TAC channel
d. None of the above
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Correct!
If you ask dispatch for assignment of a TAC channel, dispatch will
route you to a TAC Channel that is not currently busy.
You can conduct your traffic control operations without affecting
dispatch operations, scene operations, or the activities of other
field units not associated with the incident.
Other operations (manhunts, SWAT operations, etc.) should also be
conducted on TAC channels.
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Fire/EMS Units should operate on Fire/EMS 1.
Exceptions:
•Wellington Fire/EMS operate on WFD
•Caldwell Fire and Caldwell EMS operate
on Ops4
•Oxford EMR should operate on WFD when responding with
WFD/EMS. Oxford EMR should operate on Fire/EMS 1
when responding with Winfield EMS.
•When transporting patients out of Ops4 range, Caldwell
EMS should switch to Fire/EMS1.
•Out of county units should operate on the appropriate Ops
Channel.
EMR – Emergency Medical Responders
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Administration 1 is available for administrative communications with
and between Chiefs, the Sheriff, Undersheriff, Chief Deputy, etc.
Example:
“100 to 102…meet me on Admin 1”.
When calling dispatch, administrators should use Patrol 1.
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Multi-Agency Responses
When multiple agencies operating on different channels respond to
the same incident, all units should be routed to a single channel/talk
group.
The channel of choice is first based on communication capabilities.
Example: Fire Dist 9, Belle Plaine EMS, and Udall EMR
are all responding to a motor-vehicle-accident. Since
Udall does not have LTR capabilities, all units should
be assigned to Ops5.
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Multi-Agency Responses
Example: Norwich EMS/Argonia EMS, and Argonia Fire
are all responding to a motor-vehicle-accident. Since
Norwich EMS does not have access to the trunking
system, all units should be routed to Ops3.
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Multi-Agency Responses
If communication capabilities are similar, then the channel of choice
should be based on the primary agencies operating channel.
Example: Wellington Fire and Fire Dist 8 are responding
to a structure fire in Wellington’s response area. Since
Wellington is the primary agency, Fire Dist 8 should be
routed to WFD channel.
Example: Wellington Fire and Fire Dist 8 are responding
to a structure fire in Fire Dist 8’s response area. Since
Dist 8 is the primary agency, WFD should be
routed to Fire/EMS 1 channel.
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Multi-Agency Responses
If communication capabilities are similar, then the channel of choice
should be based on the primary agencies operating channel.
Example: Wellington Fire and Fire Dist 8 are responding
to a structure fire in Wellington’s response area. Since
Wellington is the primary agency, Fire Dist 8 should be
routed to WFD channel.
Example: Wellington Fire and Fire Dist 8 are responding
to a structure fire in Fire Dist 8’s response area. Since
Dist 8 is the primary agency, WFD should be
routed to Fire/EMS 1 channel.
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Multi-Agency Responses
If communication capabilities are similar, then the channel of choice
should be then be based on the proximity to radio systems.
Example: South Haven Fire and Caldwell EMS are
responding to a motor-vehicle-accident in SHFD response
area. Since Caldwell EMS is out of range of Ops 4, all units
should be routed to Fire/EMS 1.
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Scene Operations
Fire/EMS Units working on an incident requiring a lengthy scene
time (e.g. structure fire, wildland fire, train derailment, etc), should
consider use of a TAC channel/talk group. The IC should request
assignment of a channel from dispatch.
Assignment of TAC Channels is based on agency capabilities
and proximity to trunking system/conventional towers.
Incident Commanders must remember the channels monitored
by dispatch, and continue to request additional resources or
conduct traffic with dispatch on a primary dispatch channel.
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LZ Operations
Landing Zone operations should be
Conducted on the appropriate
Ops Channel for the area of the
Incident.
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Routine day-to-day communications between EMA and dispatch
should be conducted on EMA1.
EMA Operations for weather events should be
conducted on EMA1 except for Caldwell units
which should operate on Ops4.
Field units reporting weather conditions should report
directly to the EOC (when activated) on EMA1 or Ops4.
EMA responses to support fire or EMS events should be conducted
on the operational channel of the primary law enforcement, fire, or
EMS agency.
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Click on the correct answer.
On which channel/talk group do most fire or EMS agencies
operate?
a. Ops 3
b. Fire/EMS 1
c. WFD
d. None of the above
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Correct!
Most agencies operate on Fire/EMS 1. The exceptions are;
• Wellington Fire/EMS
• Caldwell Fire
• Caldwell EMS
• Oxford EMR (when responding with WFD)
• And Out-of-County agencies
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Click on the correct answer.
The operational channel of choice for multi-agency responses
are based on
a. Capabilities
b. Primary agency frequency
c. Proximity to LTR Trunking/Ops Towers
d. All of the above
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Correct!
Choosing a common operating channels has to be based first on
capabilities.
If capabilities are similar, then the channel of choice is based on the
operating channel of the primary response agency.
Finally, the channel of choice is based on proximity and range to the
LTR trunking system and/or operational channel towers.
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Click on the correct answer.
When tactical channels are needed, units should;
a. Request a channel from dispatch
b. Switch to the channel of your choice
c. Wait until dispatch recommends a channel
d. None of the above
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Correct!
Requesting assignment of a channel from dispatch ensures that the
channel is operational and is free of use by other agencies.
Dispatchers are also in the best position to determine unit
capabilities and proximity to radio systems.
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Click on the correct answer.
A field unit is returning from a call during inclement weather
and begins to observe hail larger than 1” (quarter). To whom
should be unit report their observations?
a. To the National Weather Service
b. EOC on EMA1 (if the EOC is activated)
c. Dispatch (if EOC is not activated)
d. Either (b) or (c)
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Correct!
If the EOC has been activated, field units should report weather
events directly to the EOC. This eliminates dispatch from having
to relay the information and therefore, eliminates one step in the
communications process.
If the EOC has not been activated, field units should report weather
events to dispatch who in turn, will notify EMA of the severe
weather report.
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Agencies conducting training can request the use of a Training
Channel from dispatch. This eliminates unnecessary radio traffic
from dispatch or operational channels.
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With the exception of the Zone 1 Repeater, all other repeaters can
fail without the LTR System suffering any effects.
If the Zone 1 Repeater fails, all Zone 1 Talk Groups will fail to
operate.
In this situation, all units and agencies operating on a Zone 1 Talk
Group should be routed to a Zone 2 Talk Group.
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97
Patrol units should be routed to Patrol 2.
Fire/EMS/EMA units should be routed to Fire/EMS 2.
If Zone 2 channels become busy, units can be further routed to a
Zone 3 Talk Group.
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General Broadcasts, as
well as Countywide All
Call Pages should be
effected to notify all
agencies and units of
the Zone 1 failure.
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Aside from alert tones used for
paging Wellington Fire/EMS,
Alert Tone 1 is used for the
following purposes;
•
•
•
•
Gaining the attention of a field
unit that is not responding to
radio traffic
Evacuation notices from
structure fires or haz mat
incidents
Responder down or in trouble
At the discretion of the
dispatch supervisor.
SCEC – Radio Procedures, Updated March 2013
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100
General radio broadcasts, to alert units to Lost Children,
Walkaways, or severe weather may be broadcast as directed
by other SOGs.
Broadcasts should be made on the All Call Talk Group.
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101
Whenever any channel or talk group is taken down for
maintenance, a General Broadcast should be made on the All
Call Talk Group as well as sending a Countywide All Call Page.
Once radio maintenance has been completed, the same
procedure should be used to route agencies and units
back to the repaired channel.
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102
Any unit may use any channel to contact dispatch as the need
arises. When it comes to Public Safety, there are no
proprietary talk groups or conventional channels reserved for a
particular discipline are agency.
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103
Click on the correct answer.
Units conducting traffic may use a Training Talk Group for their
training communications. What is the proper procedure for
using a Training Talk Group.
a. Ensure the talk group is clear, then use it.
b. Request assignment of a Talk Group from dispatch
c. Use the Zone 3 Training Talk Group
d. None of the above
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Correct!
Asking dispatch for assignment of a Training Talk Group ensures the
channel is free from use by another agency as well as informing
dispatch that the Training Drill is in progress.
Next
SCEC – Radio Procedures, Updated March 2013
106
Click on the correct answer.
When the Zone 2 Repeater fails, the entire LTR System is down.
a. True
b. False
Back
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107
Sorry. That is incorrect.
If Zone 2 Repeater alone fails, the LTR System will still functions
through Zone 1 and the remaining three repeaters.
Next
SCEC – Radio Procedures, Updated March 2013
108
Correct!
If Zone 2 Repeater alone fails, the LTR System will still functions
through Zone 1 and the remaining three repeaters.
Next
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109
Click on the correct answer.
If the Zone 1 Repeater fails, units should route to
a. A Zone 2 Talk Group
b. A Zone 3 Talk Group
c. A Zone 6 Talk Group
d. Any of the above
Back
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110
Sorry. That is incorrect.
Try Again
SCEC – Radio Procedures, Updated March 2013
111
Correct!
Patrol units should route to Patrol 2, and Fire/EMS/EMA units should
route to Fire/EMS 2.
There are no talk groups in Zone 4, and there is no Zone 6 in the
LTR Trunking System.
Next
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112
Click on the correct answer.
Any units may use any channel or talk group at any time it is
necessary.
a. True
b. False
Back
SCEC – Radio Procedures, Updated March 2013
113
Sorry. That is incorrect.
Asking dispatch for assignment of a Training Talk Group ensures the
channel is free from use by another agency as well as informing
dispatch that the Training Drill is in progress.
Next
SCEC – Radio Procedures, Updated March 2013
114
Correct!
Asking dispatch for assignment of a Training Talk Group ensures the
channel is free from use by another agency as well as informing
dispatch that the Training Drill is in progress.
Next
SCEC – Radio Procedures, Updated March 2013
115
If you have questions about the material providing in this training
class, contact your immediate Supervisor for clarification or for
routing to the 9-1-1 Offices.
Take This Class Again
End
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116
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