Transcript Vocabulary from Night - Laurens County Schools

4th 9 Week Review
preamble
• Introduction to the Constitution, which states
the purposes of government
67% or 2/3
• To override a Presidential veto, what
percentage of Congress is needed?
Federal, Presidential, Democracy
• Which characteristics best describe the United
States form of government?
Every 2 years, 1/3 of the Senate and
every member of the House run for
election or re-election
• When do members of the House and Senate
run for election/Re-election?
federalism
• Dividing of powers between a central/federal
government and several local governments
Popular sovereignty
• Theory that government is created by and
subject to the will of the people.
Representation in Congress
• At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the
Great Compromise resolved the issue of
filibuster
• The use of long speeches to prevent a vote on
a bill.
Bill of Rights
• What did the Federalists promise to add to the
Constitution if it was ratified?
Constituents
• People represented by a Senator or a
Representative are known as…
James Madison, John Jay, Alexander
Hamilton
• Who were the 3 main authors of the
Federalist Papers?
explain and justify why the American
colonists revolted against their mother
country
• What is the primary purpose of the
Declaration of Independence?
The VP is the president of the senate
and votes to break a tie
• What purpose does the Vice President serve
in the Senate?
Richard Nixon
• Which President resigned after being told by
leading members in both the House and
Senate that he would be impeached and
convicted in relation to the Watergate
Scandal?
the people should revolt against a government
that did not protect their rights
• What did John Locke’s theory of the social
contract, as developed in the United States
Declaration of Independence, state?
Voting
• This could be considered both a right and a
responsibility
Necessary and Proper or “Elastic
Clause”
• Clause in the Constitution that gives
government authority to do whatever they
need to do in order to carry out their duties
Reserved Powers
• What type of Power is only for the states?
Concurrent Powers
• Powers shared by the state and national
governments
Political party
• Group of people who work to get their
candidates elected to political offices
Expressed Powers
• Powers that are actually written (spelled out)
in the Constitution
Thomas Jefferson
• Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
Feel their vote will not count
• What is the reason most non voters do not
vote?
By who can participate, relationship between legislative and
executive branches of government and the geographic
distribution of governmental power within the state
• How are governments classified?
James Madison
• Who is known as the “Father of the
Constitution”?
270
• How many electoral votes does it take to win a
Presidential election?
Population, sovereignty, territory and
government
• What are the 4 characteristics of the State?
To carry out the nation’s laws
• What is the role of the executive
departments?
Thomas Jefferson
• Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights,
Petition of Right
• What were the 3 historical British documents
that helped shape the governments of the
American colonies?
perjury
• One of the articles of impeachment against
President Clinton relate to ________ or lying
under oath.
Inherent powers
• Powers that automatically belong to any
government
Secretary of State, Secretary of
Defense and the Vice President
• Which groups of people make up the National
Security Council?
Implied powers
• Powers of the national government that are
not written, but understood to exist because
of the enumerated powers
They work together with some shared
powers and some divided
• What relationship is created between the
state and national governments in federalism?
Delegated powers
• Those powers, expressed, implied, or
inherent, granted to the national government
by the Constitution.
Residence, citizenship and age
• What are the 3 requirements most states use
to determine eligibility to vote?
President or Vice President
• Naturalized citizens have all of the rights,
duties and responsibilities of citizens by birth
except the right to be ____________ or
__________________
The founders were reluctant to have
ordinary citizens select a President
• Why did the framers decide to elect the
President thru the electoral college instead of
by a vote of the people?
President, Vice-President, Speaker of
the House, President Pro-tem,
Secretary of State, Secretary of
Treasury
• What is the order of succession to the
President??
Impeachment in the House and
conviction at a trial in the Senate
• How may a President be removed form office?
Trade measures, diplomacy and
foreign aid
• What are the tools of foreign policy?
perjury
• One of the articles of impeachment against
President Clinton relate to ________ or lying
under oath.
Inherent powers
• Powers that automatically belong to any
government
35 years old, natural born citizen,
resident of the U.S. for 14 years
• What are the 3 written requirements to
become President?
Newspapers, magazines, tv, internet
• What does mass media consist of?
25th amendment
• Which amendment specifies how a new Vice
President will be selected if the office
becomes vacant?
538
• How many total electoral college voters are
there?
State of the Union Address
• Speech that the President gives annually to
Congress
Chief Executive
• The President is responsible for appointing
about 4,000 executive branch officials. In this
capacity he is acting in his role as…
Article II
• In which article of the Constitution would you
find information about the powers of the
President?
The speaker controls daily activities,
refers bills, calls for votes
• Why is the Speaker of the House considered
the most powerful person in the House of
Representatives?
Checks and balances
• When the Senate confirms members of the
cabinet, this is an example of…..
He was impeached, but not convicted
• What was the outcome of the trial and
investigation of President Clinton?
Department of Homeland Security
• Which executive department was created in
response to the terrorist attacks of September
11, 2001?
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
• Who presides over the Senate when a
President is to be tried?
22nd amendment
• Which amendment set a 2 term, or 10 year,
limit for the Presidency?
Population of the State
• How is representation in the House of
Representatives determined?
diplomacy
• The relations and communications carried out
between nations
270
• How many electoral votes does it take to win a
Presidential election?
Citizenship, residence and age
• What are the 3 requirements that most states
use to determine eligibility to vote?
Political Party
• A group of people who work to get their
candidates elected to office
They work together with some shared
powers and some divided powers
• What relationship is created between the
state government and national government in
federalism?
It restricted the President’s warmaking powers
• What did the War Powers Act of 1973
accomplish?
Executive orders
• Rules that have the force of law are called….?
Gerald Ford
• Who was the only President to serve as
President without being elected either
President or Vice-President?
No. It is based on the number of
Electoral votes won
• Does the candidate with the most popular
vote always win in the Electoral College
System?
Equal to the number of
representatives and Senators of Each
state
• How are electoral votes determined for each
state?
Person who already holds the office
for which he or she is running
• What is an incumbent?
The party in Power
• Which party in Congress controls the
committees?
The Senate
• Who must approve Presidential appointments,
like ambassadors, judges, and cabinet
members?
True
• T or F? All bills dealing with raising money
(like taxes) must start in the House of
Representatives
6 years
• What is the term of office for a Senator?
2-Bill Clinton and Andrew Johnson
• How many Presidents have been impeached?
To make the laws
• What is the main job of the Legislative
Branch?
To get re-elected
• What is the main goal of every representative
and Senator?
No, only members of the Senate may
filibuster
• Can both the members of the House and the
Senate use filibuster?
Represent interest groups and try to
convince legislators of their position
• What do lobbyists do?
They have too much influence on the
government
• What is a major objection to many lobbying
groups?
Influence legislation on behalf of
special interest groups
• What is the main purpose of lobbying?
The VP is the president of the senate
and votes to break a tie
• What purpose does the Vice President serve
in the Senate?
535
• The House of Representatives and the Senate
combined have how many members?
False. There have been several
attempts
• T or F? There have been no legislative
attempts to curb or regulate lobbying
It can veto proposed laws
• What check can the Executive Branch place on
Congress?
Rule of Four
• At least four supreme court justices have to
agree to hear a case
Original jurisdiction
• Authority to hear or try a case first
5th amendment
• Which amendment allows the accused due
process (fair treatment), the right to a grand
jury, and the right to not be forced to
incriminate themselves?
indictment
• Formal charge against the accused
Judiciary Act of 1789
• Created the federal court system
Concurrent jurisdiction
• A case may be tried in a state court or federal
court
Judicial Review
• The power of a court to rule on the
constitutionality of a law or government
action
jurisdiction
• Authority to hear or try a case
concurring
• A justice who agrees with the majority opinion
but has different reasons for supporting it may
write a ___________ opinion.
Appellate jurisdiction
• The authority to hear the appeal of a case
heard by a lower court
Concurring opinion
• Sometimes authored by justices to add or
emphasize a point that was not made in the
majority opinion
Dissenting opinion
• Often written by those justices who do not
agree with the court’s majority opinion
An individual who brings a complaint
against another
• What is a plaintiff?
Life
• What is the U.S. Supreme Court justices’ term
under the Constitution?
To interpret laws and protect rights
• What is the judicial branch’s main role?
There are no specific qualifications
• What qualifications must judges have
according to the Constitution?
Whether a convicted person received
a fair trial
• What does the judge do in an appeals case?
Ideological preferences, gender, race
and competence
• What has been important to Presidents as
they select federal judges?
Marbury v. Madison
• Which case gave the Supreme Court judicial
review?
majority
• The Supreme Court needs a ______ vote to
decide a case.
Judicial activism
• The philosophy that the courts should play a
more active role in creating national policies
and answering questions of conflict in society.
dual
• The U.S. has a ___________ system of courts
dissenting
• A justice who does not agree with the
majority’s decision may write a ___________
opinion.
A guideline, set by a case, that influences
how similar future cases will be decided.
• What is a precedent?
Due Process Clause
• No one can be deprived of life, liberty, or
property without proper legal procedures that
must be followed; clause found in the 5th and
14th amendments.
Crimes against property
• This category of crime occurs more often than
any other crimes. Most involve stealing.
Investigation/warrant, arrest, initial
hearing, trial, sentencing, appeal
• What are the steps in a criminal trial?
8th amendment
• Which amendment prohibits cruel and
unusual punishment?
6th amendment
• Which amendment gives the accused the right
to a speedy and public trial, the right to a
lawyer, and the right to be told what crimes
they have been charged with?
Police to tell a person being arrested that he or
she has the right to remain silent and the right
to a lawyer.
• What does the Miranda Warning require?