Transcript Presented by

Introduction to Human
Trafficking
Presented by
Pamela J. Pillsbury
1
What is Human Trafficking?
After drug trafficking, human
trafficking is the second largest
criminal industry in the world, and it is
the fastest growing.
Dept. of Health and Human Services
3
An estimated 12.3 million victims of
forced labor in the world today
Generates over 20 billion dollars every year.
2008, TIP Report
4
The Trafficking Of Victims Protection
Reauthorization Act of 2008(TVPRA)
defines severe forms of human
trafficking.
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The AMP Model
Action
Means
Purpose
Induces
Force
Commercial Sex Acts
Recruits
Fraud
Labor or Services
Harbors
Coercion
Transports
Provides
Obtains
Force, Fraud and Coercion are not require for minors under the age
of 18 induced into commercial sex acts
It is estimated that between 14,500 and 17,500
persons are being brought annually into the
United States for various avenues
of exploitation including involuntary servitude
and forced prostitution.
Data does not include the millions of individuals
who are trafficked within their own country.
U.S. State Department
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The number of U.S. citizens trafficked
within the country each year is even higher
with an estimated 200,000 American children
at risk for trafficking in the sex industry.
(usimmigrationlawyers.com)
In 2007, 400 children were sexually
exploited as child prostitutes in Las Vegas
in ONE month.
(http://ag.state.nv.us/victims/comm/Victims%20of%20Crime%20draft%20minutes%202%201
0%2010%20FINAL.pdf)
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Elements of human trafficking vs.
human smuggling
Human Trafficking
Human Smuggling
No consent
Force, fraud, or coercion
Consent
Transnational travel not necessary
Crossing a national border
Ongoing exploitation of victims
Relationship between migrant and
smuggler usually ends
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Labor Trafficking
Domestic servitude
Janitorial services
Agricultural labor
Food service industry
Dishwashers, busboys,
servers, cashiers
Begging
Sweatshop labor
Nail Salons
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Labor Example
Ukrainian Nationals
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The Traffickers
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•
•
•
Pimps posing as boyfriend /“daddy”
Family members
Business-owners
Subcontractors of Human Trafficking victim laborers
undersell legitimate labor subcontractors.
• Organized crime
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Sex Trafficking
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Brothels
Street Work
In-side Prostitution
Dancers
Massage Parlors
Pornography
Spas
“The United States seems unwilling to recognize that the vast
majority of victims of sex trafficking are not foreigners but
girls from next door.”
-Julian Sher Somebody’s Daughter
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Misconceptions of Prostitution
•
•
•
•
85-95% of prostitution is pimped-controlled
Average age of entry is 12-13
Drug addiction is a result of prostitution
90% have been sexually abused as a child
(http://g.virbcdn.com/_f/files/43/FileItem-150151-AM_Prostitution.pdf)
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Sex Trafficking Examples
Reading, PA June 2008-2010
• Paul S. Sewell, 46, pleaded guilty before Judge C.
Darnell Jones II to sex trafficking girls, ages 14 to 17,
and women, and possessing child pornography.
• Called himself “god”
• Ronald Miko, former police officer from Reading, has
been charged in connection to sex trafficking ring
February 2012
Sex Trafficking Examples
Whitehall, PA
March, 2012
18 year old girl from Johnstown flagged down police
stating she was held against her will in prostitution.
Jason Thomas, 32, was arrested.
Allentown, PA
April, 2012
Vincent C. George, Jr & Sr., Father & son arrested for
sex trafficking coming back from New York state.
First Convictions of Human Trafficking
in PA
.
Deryck Alston, 41, and Amanda Scott, 26, both of
Collingdale, each pleaded guilty to trafficking of
persons and related crimes for pimping an underage
female in online advertisements.
The economics of human trafficking
Supply
Demand
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Where are they from?
Why should we be concerned?
In 2011
7,208 prosecutions in the U.S.
4, 239 convictions
41,210 victims identified
There are an estimated
14,500 and 17,500 persons, NOT including domestic victims and
200,000-300,000 American children at-risk
The numbers do not match up!
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How can communities help???
• Educate others
• Speak-out against myths that work to excuse using
women and youth for sexual purposes, i.e. “they enjoy
it, they need the money so I’m helping,”etc.
• Speak out about behaviors that supports marginalizing
people from other countries.
• Report suspicions
• Support victims by not using them sexually and not
funding traffickers
• Support victims of labor trafficking by noticing them,
asking questions, being aware of possible signs of
trafficking.
Important Resources
Immediate Danger:
Call 911 or local law enforcement
Stefanie Fritzges, Homeland Security: 215-768-5722
Angel Hernandez, SA,
FBI PA Division/Allentown RA, 610-782-8203 or 1 800-the
LOST
National Center for Missing and Exploited Children’s (NCMEC)
hotline at 1-800-THE-LOST
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The National Human Trafficking
Resource Center Hotline (NHTRC)
1-877-3737-888
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VAST (The Valley Against Sex
Trafficking) Coalition
• Bi-monthly Coalition Meetings
• Unified response includes prevention,
awareness, action & aftercare efforts
www.thevast.org
To sign up for email updates:
[email protected]
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Pam Pillsbury
[email protected]