Transcript Lesson 3 - GEOGRAPHY GCSE

The advantages and
disadvantages of tourism
Starter – Odd one Out
Each row has an odd one out – which one and why?
Great wall of China
Trafalgar Square
Times Square
Disneyland Paris
Niagara Falls
Tokyo Disney
Notre Dame
Louvre
Fishermans Wharf
The vatican
The coliseum
Grand Canyon
Empire State
Building
Sydney opera
house
London Eye
Taj Mahal
Giza Pyramids
What could you replace the
odd one out with?
Magic Kingdom,
Orlando
Advantages and
Disadvantages of tourism
Lesson Objective:
• To be able to describe and explain how
tourism can affect people, places and the
economy in a positive and negative way.
Positives v. Negatives
• Tourism has both positive and negative impacts
for an area.
• In the majority of MEDC’s tourism has been the
catalyst for economic growth.
• Some LEDC's rely on tourism as their
principle industry so much that when a
problem occurs they have to work very
quickly to rectify it.
Activity One
• In pairs, note down 3 advantages and 3
disadvantages of tourism.
• Try to think of more obscure ones!
Quick Facts
•
Tourism in the world’s number one export earner (beating cars, chemicals, fuel
and food)
•
In 2011, more than 1 billion people travelled to a foreign country.
•
In 2011, more than $478 billion was spent by tourists.
•
Tourism supports 7% of the world’s workers.
•
There are more than 11.3 million people working in hotels worldwide.
•
Many jobs are created directly by tourism – hotels, restaurants,
shops and bars/pubs.
•
Also indirect jobs – supply of goods, delivery drivers, services etc.
Advantages
• Tourism brings much needed investment
into an area.
If it is an LEDC, the foreign currency is very important to
the local people.
Advantages
• Tourism provides employment for many
local people, ranging from working in the
hotels to selling trinkets on the beach.
Advantages
• Tourism provides employment for many
local people, ranging from working in the
hotels to selling trinkets on the beach.
Without the tourist industry some less developed
countries would have a much greater unemployment
problem.
Advantages
• The money that tourism brings in can be
used to improve the infrastructure of the
area.
Advantages
• New roads, airports and facilities can be
built, which cater for the increasing
number of tourists, but also benefit the
local residents.
Advantages
• Income from tourism may be used to help
conserve the natural environment that is
the reason why visitors come in the first
place.
Advantages
• The country can benefit from overseas
investment, primarily in the tourist industry,
but also in other related industries.
Advantages
• Tourism may help to preserve local
cultures and communities, as they become
a tourist attraction.
Advantages
• Tourism may help to preserve local cultures
and communities, as they become a tourist
attraction.
This is certainly the case with some Masai tribes in Kenya and Maori's in
New Zealand.
Both use the visitor's interest and curiosity in their culture to become a
tourist attraction.
Disadvantages
• In many resorts in LEDC's very little of the
money paid for the holiday actually
reaches the country.
The holiday company, travel agents, airlines and hotel
companies swallow most of it.
Disadvantages
• The jobs for the locals are often badly
paid, with very poor working conditions.
Disadvantages
• The huge number of tourists coming to
see it could easily damage the
environment.
It is very easy for a country to see the short-term
economic gains of mass tourism without really taking
heed of the long-term environmental damage going on.
Disadvantages
• Increasing numbers of tourists brings
problems such as littering, pollution and
footpath erosion.
All of these take time and money to clear up.
Disadvantages
• Overseas investment, in things like luxury
hotels, can mean that the money goes
back to the country of origin.
Disadvantages
• These hotels may also take trade away
from local guesthouses and hotels.
Disadvantages
• Local cultures could be devalued by
tourism. They may almost become a freak
show, where the visitors begin to look
down on the locals as different.
‘Leakage’
‘Leakage’
There are two main ways that leakage occurs:
 Import leakage
 Export leakage
IMPORT LEAKAGE:
• This commonly occurs when tourists demand
standards of equipment, food, and other products
that the host country cannot supply.
• Especially in LEDC’s, food and drinks must
often be imported, since local products are
not up to the hotel's (i.e. tourist's) standards
or the country simply doesn't have a supplying
industry.
‘Leakage’
EXPORT LEAKAGE:
• TNC's have a substantial share in the export
leakage.
• Often, especially in poor developing destinations,
they are the only ones that possess the necessary
capital to invest in the construction of tourism
infrastructure and facilities.
• As a consequence of this, an export leakage
arises when overseas investors who finance
the resorts and hotels take their profits back
to their country of origin.
Exam Question
• What are the advantages and
disadvantages of tourism? (6 marks)
10 minutes
Activity Two
Complete the worksheet.
This time you should categorise the
impacts into positive and negative:
• Economic
• Social
• Environmental
10 minutes