Transcript Orientation
Interpersonal Communication An Introduction 1 Interpersonal Communication The (transactional) process through which people create and manage their relationships, exercising mutual responsibility in creating meaning. 2 Functions of Interpersonal Communication 1. Meet our social needs 2. Maintain our sense of self 3. Fulfill social obligations 4. Exchange information 5. Influence others 6. Get and improve our jobs 3 Message Formation 1. Message – a person’s verbal utterances and nonverbal behaviors to which meaning is attributed during communication 2. Meaning – the substance of messages that you send – the ideas and feelings in your mind 3. Symbols – words, sounds, and actions that are generally understood to represent meaning 4 An enduring concept of right or wrong, good or bad. What you understand to be true or untrue. Represents our likes and dislikes. Past events or activities that give knowledge. Values Beliefs Attitudes Experiences Channel Encoder Transforming ideas and feelings into words, sounds, and actions Sender Both the route traveled by the message and the means of transportation Decoder Transforming messages back into ideas and feelings Receiver 6 Sending Channel Encoder Decoder Meaning Sender Verbal and/or nonverbal responses to a message Feedback Encoder Receiver 7 Sending Channel Noise Encoder Decoder Meaning Meaning Decoder Stimuli that get in the way of sharing meaning Sender Encoder Receiver Feedback Channel 8 Noise External noise – the sights, sounds, and other stimuli that draw people’s attention away from intended message Internal noise – the thoughts and feelings that interfere with meaning Semantic noise – unintended meanings aroused by a speaker’s symbols 9 Context Sending Channel Context Noise Encoder Meaning Decoder Noise Decoder Sender Context Meaning Encoder Noise Receiver Feedback Channel Context V/ V, p 9. 10 Context – the setting Physical – where communication takes place, the environment, the distance between participants, seating, time of day Social – the nature of the relationship Historical – the background of previous communication Psychological – the moods and feelings Cultural – the set of beliefs, values, and norms that are shared by a large group of people 11 Principles of Interpersonal Communication (pps., 9-12) Is purposeful Is continuous Is Transactional (Messages vary in conscious encoding) Is relational Symmetrical or Complementary Is Irreversible Has ethical implications Is learned 12 Communication has Purpose All communication is goal-directed Goal may be serious or trivial Successful communication achieves its goals People are not always aware of their goal in any particular act of communication. 13 Communication is Continuous Interpersonal communication can be verbal or nonverbal. Therefore, we are always sending messages to others--whether we are aware of it or not! 14 Communication is Learned Communication about communication When you develop skill in communicating about your and others’ messages, you can increase the chance of creating shared understanding. 17 Key Ethical Issues Truthfulness and honesty – refraining from lying, cheating, stealing, or deceiving Moral dilemma – choice involving unsatisfactory alternatives Integrity – having a consistency of belief and action (keeping promises) 19 Key Ethical Issues (continued) Fairness – achieving the right balance of interests without regard to one’s own feelings and without showing favor to any side in a conflict Respect – showing regard or consideration for a person and for that person’s rights Responsibility – being accountable for one’s actions 20 Developing Communication Improvement Plans Describe the problem Describe the specific goal Outline procedure for reaching the goal Devise a method of assessment 26 27