Transcript 11. Building Information Systems

Business Value of Systems
Pertemuan 12
BUSINESS
VALUE OF SYSTEMS
Pertemuan -12.1
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
OBJECTIVES
• How can our company measure the
business benefits of our information
systems? What models should be used to
measure that business value?
• Why do so many system projects fail?
What are the principal reasons for system
failures?
Pertemuan -12.2
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES
• Determining benefits and costs of a system
when they are difficult to quantify
Pertemuan -12.3
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Traditional Capital Budgeting Models
Capital budgeting
• Process of analyzing and selecting
various proposals for capital expenditures
Pertemuan -12.4
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Limitations of Financial Models
• Do not express the risks and uncertainty
of own cost and benefits estimates
Pertemuan -12.5
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Case Example: Primrose, Mendelson, and Hansen
The Problem
• No automated way of tracking billable
hours
• No secure method for communication
• No client database
• No system to track costs
Pertemuan -12.6
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Case Example: Primrose, Mendelson, and Hansen
The Solution
• Local area network
• Lotus Notes to handle client accounting,
document management, group
collaboration, and e-mail
Pertemuan -12.7
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Costs and Benefits of the Legal Information System
Pertemuan -12.8
Figure 13-1
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Financial Models
Pertemuan -12.9
Figure 13-2
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Case Example: Primrose, Mendelson, and Hansen
The Payback Method
• Measure of time required to pay back the initial
investment on a project
Accounting Rate of Return on Investment
(ROI)
• Approximates the accounting income earned
by the investment
Pertemuan -12.10
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Case Example: Primrose, Mendelson, and Hansen
Present value
• Value in current dollars of a payment or
stream of payments to be received in the
future
Net present value
• Amount of money an investment is worth
after considering its cost, earnings and
the time value of money
Pertemuan -12.11
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Case Example: Primrose, Mendelson, and Hansen
Cost-benefit ratio
• Divides total benefits by total costs
Profitability index
• Compares profitability of alternative
investments by dividing the present value
of total cash inflow by initial cost
Pertemuan -12.12
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Case Example: Primrose, Mendelson, and Hansen
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
• Rate of return or profit an investment is
expected to earn
Pertemuan -12.13
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Strategic Considerations
Portfolio Analysis
• Analysis of portfolio of potential
applications within a firm
• Determines risks and benefits
• Selects among alternatives for information
systems
Pertemuan -12.14
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
A System Portfolio
Figure 13-3
Pertemuan -12.15
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Strategic Considerations
Scoring Models
• Method for deciding among alternative
systems based on a system of ratings
Real Options Pricing Models
• Models using techniques for valuing
financial options to evaluate information
technology investments with uncertain
returns
Pertemuan -12.16
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Strategic Considerations
Knowledge Value–Added Approach
• Focuses on knowledge input into a
business process
• Determines costs and benefits of changes
in business processes from new
information systems
Pertemuan -12.17
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat
Business Value of Systems
UNDERSTANDING THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Information Technology Investments and Productivity
Productivity
• Measure of firm’s efficiency in converting
inputs to outputs
Information Technology
• Contribution to productivity difficult to
measure
Pertemuan -12.18
© 2008 by Abdul Hayat