Transcript Bergen Swamp Analysis

Bergen Swamp
Stream Study and Analysis
Presentation by: Matthew Vaccarella
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Objectives
Analysis
Background
Conclusion
Procedures
Data
Credits
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to display information!
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To return
Funding Made Possible by:
•Toshiba Grant
•Educational Foundation Grant
Matt Vaccarella: Biology
Jeff Parnapy: Biology
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to see video!
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to display information!
Black Creek Watershed Map
-Established in 1935
•Its purpose is to conserve the flora and fauna of the lands
•Offer to schools, colleges and other interested parties
access for observation and study
•The Society has finished a comprehensive and in-depth
planning process for managing each of its properties
•Boardwalks and nature trails need to be built
so that the sensitive environment is protected
Return to Background
•The Niagara Escarpment (including Niagara Falls and the Bergen
Swamp) is a prominent topographical feature of the southern part of
Canada
•It is an area with a rich agricultural heritage
•There are a number of spectacular waterfalls at the cliff edge, the best
known being Niagara Falls
•An estimated seven million people live within 100 km of the reserve
•In 1990, UNESCO (the United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organization) named the
Niagara Escarpment a World Biosphere Reserve
— an internationally recognized ecosystem.
Return to Background
•The United States Department of the Interior, National Park
Service has declared Bergen Swamp National Natural Landmarks.
It has been declared this because it “possesses exceptional value as
an illustration of the nations natural heritage and contributes to a
better understanding of man’s environment.”
Return to Background
New York
Project Name:
Black Creek Watershed Coalition
WAG 2001 Funds:
$15,000
Awarded To:
Monroe County Department of Health
Monroe County Water Quality Planning Bureau
Monroe County Department of Planning and Development
Project Location:
Black Creek, NY
The Monroe County Department of Health, in partnership with the Monroe County Water Quality Planning
Bureau, and the Monroe County Department of Planning and Development, will host the Black Creek
Watershed Symposium. This conference will commence the formation of the Black Creek Watershed
Coalition. The Coalition will use WAG funds to gather data and background information about the Black
Creek Watershed and create a State of the Basin Report. WAG funds will also enable the Coalition to publish
educational newsletters and create a website.
Return to Background
Zoom in to Swamp Study Area
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to display information!
Special Budget Project
Written By: Steve Locke
Student Laboratories
Educational Foundation Grant
Written By: Steve Locke
Equipment Preparation
Special Projects Budget Form
Year
2002-2003
School
High school
Submitted by:
Steve Locke, Chemistry & Biology teacher
The purpose of the “Special Projects Budget Form” is to document new initiatives by
faculty, administrators, staff or community groups that need consideration for inclusion
in the Districts budget.
Description of Project: The 9th grade Biology field trip to perform a stream study and tour the
Bergen Swamps.
Why is this project needed:
This field trip was a tremendous success in spring 2000, and
we are planning to repeat it this spring 2002. This special projects budget will
ensure a commitment to a long term authentic assessment of the districts water
shed and the education of the local Swamp Society and novel ecological
environment.
This will develop a vertically integrated theme into the Science Curriculum. The
Science Department currently has ecology projects in the middle school
curriculum. The 6th grade students spend a day studying the ecology of Godfries
Pond in Batavia. Continuing the Stream study and Swamp tour will allow us to
expand this environmental theme into the high school science curriculum.
This will also develop a horizontally integrated theme across the math and science
departments. Barb Wedow has assigned students math problems utilized data
obtained from last years field trip and the use of the TI83+ programable calcuators.
http://www.bergenswamp.org/trustees.htm
Back to Teacher Procedures
Educational Foundation Grant
Byron-Bergen Educational Foundation
Grant Application
Name:
Steve Locke, High School Science Teacher
Address:
6917 W Bergen Rd.
City/town:
Bergen, NY 14420
Home phone:
Work phone:
637-0880
494-1220
Sponsor/Organization:
(unlisted)
Date March 21, 01
High School Science Dept.
Project name:
High School Biology field trip to
perform a stream study and wetlands
tour.
Start Date
May 17 & 18, 2001
Completion Date May 2002
Requested Amount
$1269.
Person Responsible
Steve Locke, Science Teacher
Check to
Scott Hoot, District Business Manager
Back to Teacher Procedures
Macroinvertebrates Lab
Written By: Steve Locke
Microorganisms Lab
Written By Matt Vaccarella
Water Quality Analysis
Written By: Peter Spence
Swamp Trip Conclusions
Formal Laboratory
Write-up
Back to Teacher Procedures
S
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to display information!
The stream site to be studied will selected
by the following criteria;
1. Optimum Safety site; less then 200
yards from a bridge, water less then
neck deep, foot penetration less then
ankle deep into soil or stream bottom,
stream bank height less then thigh
high and a level unobstructed bank
terrain.
2. Optimum Biological site; stream riffles,
bottom substrate of rubble, gravel or
sand, stream flow greater then 0.4
m/s, and partial canopy cover.
Bode, Robert W., et. al. Quality Assurance Work Plan for Biological Stream Monitoring in New York State. N.Y.S. D.E.C., Division
of Water. 11-1996.
Essman, Janet, et al. Canaries of the Stream. The Conservationist. NYS DEC 5-6, 1990.
Bode, Robert, W., et al. Biological Steam Testing. NYS DEC Division of Water. 1997.
Return to Student Procedures
1 Construct a grid over the stream site
with meter sticks, stakes (foraged from
the field) and polypropylene line
marked in one-meter increments. The
grid should have one rope stretched
10m alongside the stream bank and
two ropes traverse the streambed on a
perpendicular to the stream flow.
2 Measure air temperature, canopy
percent, bottom embeddedness,
bottom substrate and stream
vegetation.
Bode, Robert W., et. al. Quality Assurance Work Plan for Biological Stream Monitoring in New York State. N.Y.S. D.E.C., Division
of Water. 11-1996.
Essman, Janet, et al. Canaries of the Stream. The Conservationist. NYS DEC 5-6, 1990.
Bode, Robert, W., et al. Biological Steam Testing. NYS DEC Division of Water. 1997.
Return to Student Procedures
1. Measure current speed with the grid,
portions of wood sticks 1 inch long (or
oranges) and a digital stopwatch.
Students on the bank or in a boat
release floating wooden pieces or
orange floats. The floats are released
upstream at a rope cross grid and
timed to the second rope 5 m
downstream.
2. Repeat at every 1m crosshatch.
3. Calculate the current speed by dividing
the distance traveled (500 cm) by the
time traveled (seconds).
4. The speeds are averaged.
Bode, Robert W., et. al. Quality Assurance Work Plan for Biological Stream Monitoring in New York State. N.Y.S. D.E.C., Division
of Water. 11-1996.
Essman, Janet, et al. Canaries of the Stream. The Conservationist. NYS DEC 5-6, 1990.
Bode, Robert, W., et al. Biological Steam Testing. NYS DEC Division of Water. 1997.
Return to Student Procedures
Return to Student Procedures
1. Measure water chemistry with multiprobe meter. Two students wade or
boat into stream at downstream cross
grid.
2. Students traverse the stream on a
perpendicular with a multiprobe,. At
each 1m crossmark, student with
probe measures and water chemistry;
temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen
and, conductivity (dissolved ions). The
other student records data on clip
board.
Bode, Robert W., et. al. Quality Assurance Work Plan for Biological Stream Monitoring in New York State. N.Y.S. D.E.C., Division
of Water. 11-1996.
Essman, Janet, et al. Canaries of the Stream. The Conservationist. NYS DEC 5-6, 1990.
Bode, Robert, W., et al. Biological Steam Testing. NYS DEC Division of Water. 1997.
Return to Student Procedures
1. Measure water depth with stick and
1.5 m metric tape measure. Two
students wade or boat into stream at
downstream cross grid.
2. Students traverse the stream on a
perpendicular with a weighted line or
stick, and the 1.5 m tape. At each 1m
crossmark, a student measures water
depth. The other student records data
on clip board.
Bode, Robert W., et. al. Quality Assurance Work Plan for Biological Stream Monitoring in New York State. N.Y.S. D.E.C., Division
of Water. 11-1996.
Essman, Janet, et al. Canaries of the Stream. The Conservationist. NYS DEC 5-6, 1990.
Bode, Robert, W., et al. Biological Steam Testing. NYS DEC Division of Water. 1997.
Return to Student Procedures
1. Collect macroinvertibrates with
traveling kick sample.
2. Students wade into stream at
downstream cross grid. Two students
traverse the stream on a diagonal
transect with a kick net (9 in x 18 in,
US no 30 sieve mesh opening .8 mm x
.9 mm).
3. Students disturb the stream bottom by
kicking, and the current carries the
dislodged organisms into the net.
Students sample for 5 minutes,
traveling 5 m downstream.
4. Students transfer all contents of net
into jar or can.
5. Repeat for a total of two collections.
Bode, Robert W., et. al. Quality Assurance Work Plan for Biological Stream Monitoring in New York State. N.Y.S. D.E.C., Division
of Water. 11-1996.
Essman, Janet, et al. Canaries of the Stream. The Conservationist. NYS DEC 5-6, 1990.
Bode, Robert, W., et al. Biological Steam Testing. NYS DEC Division of Water. 1997.
Return to Student Procedures
Data Entry and Analysis
Water Quality Analysis
Swamp Conclusion Packet
Student Data Forms
Select Data By Site
Click on a data type
to display information!
Averages of all Data
Temperature and pH
Conductivity and
Dissolved Oxygen
Nitrates and
Phosphates
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to display information!
Back to Data
Site Average
#
PMA
1
2
3
4
1
5
6
7
36.7
61.7
48.3
41.7
26.7
26.7
21.0
58.0
Average
Average
Average
Average
Current
Temperature
pH
Conductivity
Speed (m/s)
(degrees
(S/cm)
Celsius)
17.31
0.52
0.47
0.78
8.64
0.14
1.52
0.31
13.23
12.70
11.56
13.08
14.72
14.45
14.22
16.00
8.22
8.10
8.28
8.25
8.24
8.99
8.93
8.03
49,098.00
357.48
390.00
43,387.00
1131.52
390.00
404.57
Average
Dissolved
Oxygen
(mg/L)
Average
Depth
(cm)
7.62
9.19
6.87
5.95
9.01
5.97
6.77
104.78
13.17
15.82
18.57
95.08
17.00
54.08
38.83
Back to Data
Site
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Date
5/6/01
5/7/01
5/6/01
5/6/01
5/6/01
5/7/01
5/7/01
5/7/01
Click on a stream site
date to
to display Data!
Steve Locke
-Stream study
locations, 1-7
Bergen Rod & Gun
Club
Hessenthaler trail tour
of Bergen Swamp
Byron-Bergen High
School
Back to Data
Stre
Return to Data Site Selection
Return to Data Site Selection
Return to Data Site Selection
Return to Data Site Selection
Return to Data Site Selection
Return to Data Site Selection
Return to Data Site Selection
Return to Data Site Selection
Group 1 SITE GRID
Names_________________________________
date________
Site access ______________________________________________________
(Town, road name, property owner, landmarks, etc)
______________________________________________________
Stream name ____________________________________________________
Describe site ____________________________________________________
(Open pasture, wooded, houses, active farmland, high/low erosion, riffles, waterfalls,
etc)
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Arrival time
____________
Departure time
____________
CANOPY (%) _______________
EMBEDDEDNESS ____________
SUBSTRATE (%)
rock____
AQUATIC VEGETATION
OTHER_________________________
___________________________
rubble ___ gravel____ sand____
algae
_________
(Suspended)
silt____
algae
_________
(Filamentous)
Return to Data
Group 2 PHOTOGRAPHERS
Names_____________________________________________ date________
Stream name______________________________________________________
Photo
number
1
Description
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Team Instructors name _______________________
Return to Data
Group 3 MEASURE CURRENT SPEED
Names___________________________________________________
date_________ time________
Stream & location ______________________________________________________________________
Measurement
Stream 
Width
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Time 1
(s)
Time 2
(s)
Time 3
(s)
Stream
Length
(cm)
Calculations
Stream 
Width
Average
Time
(s)
Average
Current
(cm/s)
Team Instructors name _______________________
Return to Data
Group 4 MEASURE WATER CHEMISTRY WITH MULTI-PROBE
Names___________________________________________________
date_________ time________
Stream & location ______________________________________________________________________
Multiprobe # _______________________
Air temperature _____________________
Stream 
Width
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Temp
(ºC)
Temp
(ºC)
Temp
(ºC)
Stream 
Width
pH
pH
pH
Return to Data
Stream 
Width
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Cond
(mhos)
Cond
(mhos)
Cond
(mhos)
Stream 
Width
D O2
(mg/1)
D O2
(mg/1)
D O2
(mg/1)
Team Instructors name _______________________
Return to Data
Group 5 MEASURE WATER CHEMISTRY WITH PHOTOMETER
Names___________________________________________________
date_________ time________
Stream & location ______________________________________________________________________
Photometer # _____________
Stream 
Width
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Nitrates
()
Stream 
Width
Phosph
ates ()
Team Instructors name _______________________
Return to Data
Group 6 MEASURE WATER DEPTH
Names___________________________________________________
date_________ time________
Stream & location ______________________________________________________________________
First measurement
Stream 
Width
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Depth 1
Depth 2
Depth 3
Average
Depth
Team Instructors name _______________________
Return to Data
14
Click to
to display
Stream Comparisons!
Site Map
By Steve Locke
-Stream study
locations, 1-7
Bergen Rod & Gun
Club
Hessenthaler trail tour
of Bergen Swamp
Byron-Bergen High
School
Return to Analysis
Percent Model Affinity
5/6/02
5/7/02
5/6/02
5/6/02
5/6/02
5/7/02
5/7/02
5/7/02
70.0
60.0
PMA
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Stream
See Stream Site Map
Return to Analysis
Average Current Speed
5/6/02
5/7/02
5/6/02
5/6/02
5/6/02
5/7/02
5/7/02
5/7/02
6
7
Speed (m/s)
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
1
1
See Stream Site Map
2
3
4
Stream
5
Return to Analysis
Conductivity (uS/cm)
Average Conductivity
5/6/02
60000.00
5/7/02
5/6/02
5/6/02
5/6/02
5/7/02
5/7/02
5/7/02
6
7
50000.00
40000.00
30000.00
20000.00
10000.00
0.00
1
1
2
3
4
5
Stream
See Stream Site Map
Return to Analysis
Average Depth
5/6/02
5/7/02
5/6/02
5/6/02
5/6/02
5/7/02
5/7/02
5/7/02
120.00
Depth (cm)
100.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
Stream
See Stream Site Map
Return to Analysis
7
Average Temperature
5/6/02
5/7/02
5/6/02
5/6/02
5/6/02
5/7/02
5/7/02
5/7/02
Temperature (C)
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
1
1
See Stream Site Map
2
3
4
Stream
5
6
7
Return to Analysis
Average pH
5/6/02
5/7/02
5/6/02
5/6/02
5/6/02
2
3
4
5/7/02
5/7/02
5/7/02
9.50
pH
9.00
8.50
8.00
7.50
1
1
5
6
Stream
See Stream Site Map
Return to Analysis
7
Dissolved Oxygen
5/6/02
5/7/02
5/6/02
5/6/02
2
3
5/6/02
5/7/02
5/7/02
5/7/02
DO (mg/L)
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
1
1
4
5
6
Stream
See Stream Site Map
Return to Analysis
7
Stream Discharge Comparison
160.000
Discharge (m^3/s)
140.000
120.000
100.000
80.000
Stream 1
60.000
40.000
20.000
Stream 2-7
0.000
Stream
See Stream Site Map
Return to Analysis
Conclusions
Nutrients
Discharge and Conductivity
PMA, pH, Dissolved O2
-Stream study
locations, 1-7
Bergen Rod & Gun
Club
Hessenthaler trail tour
of Bergen Swamp
Byron-Bergen High
School
Return to Conclusion
•All stream sites have acceptable nutrient levels
according to the guidelines of 5 mg/L set by the
Department of Environmental Conservation
•Nitrogen levels are all acceptable
•Phosphate levels are all acceptable
See Stream Site Map
Return to Conclusion
•Stream 1 has a much higher discharge due to the effect
of the artesian spring
•As the water passes through the swamp bedrock,
it picks up calcium ions and increases the conductivity
by ~10 fold
See Stream Site Map
Return to Conclusion
Site 1-Severe; Deep high flowing creek fed by all other streams
Site 2-Slight Impact; Overall Somewhat Healthy
Site 3-Moderate/Severe; South flowing, High agriculture
Site 4-Slight/Severe; Agricultural and community runoff
Site 5-Severe; High pH, Low DO, runs through community
prior to swamp
Site 6-Severe; High pH, High DO, north flow, from southern
counties
Site 7-None/Moderate; Lowest pH, Pond Runoff, buffering
capacity
See Stream Site Map
Return to Conclusion
•Development and implementation of the swamp trip has been due to the work of Steve R. Locke.
•Funding Made possible by grants from Toshiba and the Educational Foundation
•Special thanks to Drake Environmental Consulting
References
http://www.people.virginia.edu/~sos-iwla/Stream-Study/Key/MacroKeyIntro.HTML
http://www.tier.net/riverwatch/taxhier.htm
http://www.beggenswamp.org
http://www.vortex.weather.brockport.edu
http://www.escarpment.org
Bode, Robert W. et. al. Quality Assurance Work Plan for Biological Stream Monitoring in New York State.
Albany: NYS Department of Environmental Conservation, 1996.