Transcript Document

¿Qué te gusta hacer?
¿Qué te gusta hacer?
Y tú, ¿cómo eres?
Y tú, ¿cómo eres?
Infinitives
Verbs are words that are most often used
to name actions. The most basic form of a
verb is called the infinitive. In English,
you can spot infinitives because they
usually have the word “to” in front of
them. Spanish infinitives are only one
word, and always end in -ar, -er, or -ir:
nadar, leer, escribir
The verb gustar
It’s easy to talk about the things you like
to do once you know the infinitive. Just
add the infinitive to te gusta or me gusta.
¿Te gusta practicar deportes?
Sí, me gusta correr.
Adjectives
Words that describe people and things are
called adjectives (adjetivos).
In Spanish, most adjectives have both
masculine and feminine forms. The
masculine form usually ends in the letter
-o and the feminine form usually ends in
the letter -a.
Adjectives
Masculine adjectives are used to describe
masculine nouns and feminine adjectives
are used to describe feminine nouns.
Paco es ordenado y simpático.
Marta es ordenada y simpática.
Adjectives
Adjectives that end in -e describe both
masculine and feminine nouns.
Anita es inteligente y Pedro es inteligente
también.
Adjectives
When the masculine form of an adjective
ends in -or, its feminine form ends in -ora.
Juan Carlos es trabajador y Marilú es
trabajadora también.
Adjectives
Some adjectives that end in -a, such as
deportista, describe both masculine and
feminine nouns. You will need to learn
which adjectives follow this pattern.
Tomás es deportista y Raquel es deportista
también.
Tu día en la escuela
Tu día en la escuela
Tu sala de clases
¡Hola! ¿Cómo estás?
Subject pronouns
The subject of a sentence tells who is doing the action.
You can also use subject pronouns,
which replace people’s names.
Eduardo toca muy bien la guitarra.
Laura y yo practicamos muchos deportes.
Él toca muy bien la guitarra.
Nosotros practicamos muchos deportes.
Here are the subject pronouns in Spanish:
Subject pronouns
Present tense of –ar verbs
You will want to use verbs in ways other than in the infinitive
form. To create the present-tense form of most -ar verbs,
you first drop the -ar ending, leaving the stem. Then you
add new endings to the stem. These verb endings tell you
who is doing the action.
Here are the present-tense forms of the verb hablar:
Present tense of –ar verbs
(yo)
hablo
(tú)
hablas
Ud.
(él)
habla
(ella)
(nosotros) hablamos
(nosotras)
(vosotros)
(vosotras) habláis
Uds.
(ellos)
(ellas)
hablan
¿Desayuno o almuerzo?
¿Desayuno o almuerzo?
Para mantener la salud
Para mantener la salud
Present tense of –er and –ir verbs
To create the present-tense forms of -er and -ir
verbs, drop the endings from the infinitives, and
add the appropriate verb endings to the stem.
Present tense of –er and –ir verbs
Here are the present-tense forms of regular –er verbs:
Present tense of –er and –ir verbs
Here are the present-tense forms of regular –ir verbs:
The plurals of adjectives
Just as adjectives agree with nouns depending on whether they
are masculine or feminine, they also agree according to whether
the nouns are singular or plural. To make adjectives plural, just
add -s after the vowel at the end of the adjective. If the adjective
ends in a consonant, add -es.
La manzana es buena para la salud. Las
manzanas son buenas para la salud.
El pastel aquí es popular. Los pasteles del
Café Nuñoz son populares.
The plurals of adjectives
When an adjective describes a group
including both masculine and feminine
nouns, use the masculine plural form.
Las zanahorias y los tomates son buenos para
la salud.
¿Adónde vas?
¿Adónde vas?
¿Quieres ir conmigo?
¿Quieres ir conmigo?
Asking questions
In Spanish, when you ask a question with
an interrogative word (who, what, where,
etc.), you put the verb before the subject.
¿Qué bebe María en el café?
¿Por qué estudian Juan y Flor en la biblioteca?
Asking questions
Here are some interrogative words you know:
¿Qué?
¿Cómo?
¿Quién(es)?
¿Con quién(es)?
¿Dónde?
¿Cuántos(as)?
¿Adónde?
¿De dónde?
¿Cuál?
¿Por qué?
¿Cuándo?
Ir + a + infinitive
Just as you use “to be going” + an infinitive
in English to say what you are going to
do, in Spanish you use a form of the verb
ir + a + an infinitive to express the same
thing.
Voy a correr hoy.
¿Tú vas a jugar al golf esta tarde?
The verb jugar
Use the verb jugar to talk about playing a
sport or a game. Even though jugar uses
the same endings as the other -ar verbs, it
has a different stem in some forms. For
those forms, the -u- becomes -ue-. This kind
of verb is called a “stem-changing verb.”
The verb jugar
Here are the present-tense forms of jugar: