Transcript Outline of envisaged TC activities in the field of social

The Social Protection Floor
Global Initiatives
International Symposium, Social Protection in
Southern Africa: New Opportunities for Social
Development,
Johannesburg, 25 May 2011
Christine Bockstal, ILO Social Security Department,
Geneva
Outline
•
The SPF Initiative
•
High Level SPF Advisory Group
•
The SPF is one of the priorities of
the G20 2011
•
Successful experiences and
country examples
•
Momentum – past and upcoming
events
2
The SPF Initiative: A UN System
Emergency response to the crisis
In April 2009, the UN Chief Executives Board (UN CEB) agreed
on nine joint initiatives to confront the crisis, accelerate
recovery and pave the way for a fairer and more sustainable
globalization:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Additional financing for the most vulnerable
Food Security
Trade
A Green Economy Initiative
A Global Jobs Pact
A Social Protection Floor (SPF)
Humanitarian, Security and Social Stability
Technology and Innovation
Monitoring and Analysis
3
The SPF Initiative:
SPF Concept and definition
The United Nations suggests that a Social
Protection Floor could consist of two main
elements that help to realize human rights:
•geographical and financial access to essential services
such as water and sanitation, health, and education;
•a basic set of essential social transfers, in cash or in
kind, to provide minimum income security and access to
essential services, including health care.
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The SPF Initiative:
The Social Protection Staircase
Voluntary insurance
Mandatory social insurance/social
security benefits of guaranteed levels for
contributors
Level of protection
THE FLOOR:
Four essential guarantees
1. Access to essential health care for all
2. Income security 3. Assistance to
unemployed,
Children
4. Income security
Elderly & disabled
underemployed & poor
Individual/household income
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Transfer package of 4 essential
guarantees
1. All residents have access to a nationally defined set of
essential health care services;
2. All children have income security, at the level of the
nationally defined poverty line level, through family/child
benefits aimed at facilitating access to nutrition,
education and care;
3. All those in active age groups who are unable to earn
sufficient income on the labour markets should enjoy a
minimum income security through social assistance …
4. All residents in old age and with disabilities have income
security at least at the level of the nationally defined
poverty line, through minimum pensions for old age and
disability
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Lead agencies global
Initiative
"The Social Protection Floor Initiative is a UN system-wide effort
to promote common priorities and solutions,
to ensure basic social guarantees for all"
Ban Ki-moon, UN Secretary General
Message on the World Day of Social Justice, 20 February 2010
"The world does not lack the resources to abolish poverty,
It only lacks the right priorities”
Juan Somavia, ILO Director-General
Cooperating agencies/organisations
UNICEF, FAO, IMF,
UNDESA, UN-HABITAT,
World Bank
UNAIDS, UNDP, UNESCO,
UNFPA, UNHCR, WFP
UNODC, OHCHR,
UN Regional Commissions,
UNRWA, WMO,
HelpAge Int’l, …
Activities SPF Initiative:
and development partners/
donor governments
6. Tools and methodologies
1. International advocacy
2. Technical and financial support
3. Capacity building
4. Joint SPF-I manual
5. South-South and triangular cooperation
=> High Level SPF Advisory Group
High Level SPF Advisory Group
Objective:
To enhance global advocacy activities and to
further elaborate the conceptual policy aspects
of the approach.
To coordinate the preparation of a flagship Global
Social Protection Floor Report as an advocacy tool and
as general guidance to support the implementation of
national SPFs
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Why Social Protection Floor ?
– A SPF enables the realization of human rights, anchored in widely
shared notions of human rights.
– A SPF is an important tool to combat inequality and poverty …
and accelerate the achievement of the MDGs.
– Social Protection schemes are important tools to alleviate the
adverse social consequences of crises and to speed up recovery.
The SPF acts as an economic and political stabilizer.
– Building a SPF is an essential investment component of an
inclusive growth strategy that aims at unlocking the full economic
potential of a country’s population.
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Why Social Protection Floor ?
– The SPF can help provide coherent and coordinated approaches to
social protection and employment policies. It would help
guarantee services and social transfers across the life cycle.
– A SPF enables individuals and societies to cope with the structural
and social transformations in modern societies including
urbanization and the evolution of family structures and changing
patterns of employment and globalization.
– Achieving the SPF is a founding step towards establishing full
participatory and equal citizenship, political and institutional
stability and social cohesion.
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Why Social Protection Floor ?
– The SPF is a fundamental tool for gender empowerment.
– SPFs are feasible and affordable, including in LICs, on the
condition that they are implemented progressively.
 The sustainability of SPF financing is crucial.
 International solidarity can help to start up the
process in low income countries, but the
implementation has to be financially sustainable at
the national level in the long run.
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The SPF is one of the priorities
of the G20 2011
The SPF will be discussed at the G20 Meeting of Labour and
Employment Ministers and the G20 Development Working Group
The ‘Bachelet Report’ will be used as a basis.
Possible themes for discussion:
•G20 support for the SPF concept and its implementation at country level
•International and national mobilization in terms of expertise and capacity building
•Exploring the possibility of using new technologies to facilitate the implementation of
social protection programs
•How and in what ways international solidarity and innovative financing mechanisms
could help
•Monitoring and evaluation mechanisms
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The Recurrent Discussion: ‘Social security
for social justice and a fair globalization’
Report on the strategic objective of social protection
(social security) for the 100th Session of the
International Labour Conference, June 2011
Preparations - regional and global consultation process:
•
2008-09: Regional meetings
•
2006-2009 Series of policy papers
•
2009: Tripartite Meeting of Experts on Strategies for the Extension of Social
Security Coverage, discussed in GB in Nov 2009
•
First outline report discussed in ESP in March 2010
•
2010: Yaoundé Tripartite Declaration on the Implementation of the Social
Protection Floor (October)
•
Verbal update in ESP + draft report submitted for comments to constituents
(regional coordinators and secretaries of employers’ and workers’ groups) in
Nov. 2010.
•
Report currently available in 3 languages on ILO website
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The Recurrent Discussion:
Story line – main messages
1. The right and the need for social security
2. The global state of social security, its main challenges and
present policy responses
•
Achieving full coverage: Only 20% enjoy comprehensive coverage, but a
quiet revolution taking place in the Global South
•
Achieving economic and social adequacy: Spending 17.4 % of Global GDP
and not enough to fight poverty, but ...
•
Maintaining sustainable financing: ...there is some fiscal space ...
3. Main issues for the future of social security
4. Future policy orientation for the Organization
a)
Strategies to extend social security
b)
c)
Ensuring social adequacy
Ensuring financial, economic and fiscal sustainability
d)
Strategies to ensure good governance
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The Recurrent Discussion:
Suggested points for discussion
1. What is the role of social security in promoting economic growth and
social development?
2. Which policies contribute best to the extension of adequate social
security coverage at all levels of development?
3. Which policies can ensure the affordability, adequate financing
arrangements and sustainable fiscal space for inclusive and effective
social security systems in a context of demographic, economic and social
change?
4. How can governments, workers and employers contribute to enhancing
the design, governance, and administration of social security systems?
5. What is the role of ILO standards in further promoting the extension of
social security coverage for all, and what further measures should be
taken or developed?
In addressing the above questions, the Conference Committee may provide guidance
on how the Organization and the Office can respond more effectively and
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efficiently to address constituents’ needs in each of these areas.”
Successful SPF Experiences Publication
• 18 case studies on SPF policies from 15
countries of the global South;
• Brings together examples of good SPF
practices for South-South learning,
written by national and local
governmental agencies, scientific
institutions and practitioners;
• A useful tool for all stakeholders
involved in decision-making or in the
process of building and implementing
national SPFs.
Available online: http://www.ilo.org/gimi/gess/RessShowRessource.do?ressourceId=20840.
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Situation in Rwanda
Voluntary Private insurance
RAMA
MMI
SSFR
VUP
Other SP
programs
Community Based Health
Insurance
Basic 9Y education
Poor and near
Informal economy
poor
Vulnerable Groups
Private sector
Civil Servants
Armed forces
• Other specific SP programs: FARG, Ubudehe, One cow per poor Family, etc.
• CBHI: 91% population covered
Orientations in Rwanda
Voluntary Private insurance
RAMA
Feasibility studies:
old age , disability,,
child grant and
employment
guarantee scheme
VU
P
MMI
SSFR
Maternity insurance, Provident
Fund
Other SP
programs
Community Based Health
Insurance
Basic 9Y education
Poor and near
Informal economy
poor
Vulnerable Groups
Private sector
Civil Servants
Armed forces
Situation in Mozambique
Vertical dimension (higher levels of benefits for
formal sector)
Voluntary private insurance
(only in the law)
Statutory
contributory social
insurance (INSS)
8.3 % of households only
Basic benefits Targeting elderly
(PSA), PWD and chronically ill …
Poor and near
poor
Informal
economy
Private sector
employees
Horizontal dimension (SPF & schemes for
informal economy)
Civil servants
Armed forces
Plans for extension of social security
in Mozambique – Discussions on going
Vertical dimension (higher levels of benefits for
formal sector)
Voluntary
private insurance
Statutory
contributory social
insurance
Basic benefits / social protection floor for all.
Targeting elderly (PSA), PWD and chronically ill
Labour Based Social Assistance Programme for
working age population
Poor and near
poor
Informal
economy
Private sector
employees
Horizontal dimension (SPF & schemes for informal
economy)
Civil servants
Armed forces
Situation in Thailand
76% population
* maternity,
invalidity, death,
sickness and old
age benefits
Extension of 5
benefits to Informal
Economy* (article
40)
UCS since 2001 (health) and 500 Bath
scheme (pension) since 2009…
Social assistance
Poor and
near poor
Informal
economy
Provident fund
system
-Govt P Fund
-Private
school
teachers WF
Workmen’s
Compensation
Fund (WCF)
-Social Security
Fund (SSF)
-Non contr.
pension
sch.
-CS Medical
Benefit Sch.
Private
sector
employees
Civil servants
Armed forces
1. Challenges to extend coverage to IE workers (+/- 60 people joined)
2. Fragmentation of social security schemes
3. Inequalities have increased over past years … Capitation amount under UCS = 2,200
THB/capita whereas under CSMBS = 12,100 THB/capita
Situation in Cambodia
80% population
Scattered CBHI
schemes
Scattered social assistance
programs: Health Equity funds and
others
Poor and
Informal
near poor
economy
NSSF
-Only work
injury
-Health
insurance under
study
Private
sector
employees
NSSF-C
-Only
pensions
-Health
insurance
under study
Civil servants
Armed forces
1. CARD’s National Social Protection Strategy for the Poor and Vulnerable
2. CBHI very limited coverage (100,000 people)
3. NSSF and NSSF-C provide very limited scope of coverage
Situation in Viet Nam
Vertical dimension
75% population
Voluntary scheme
for SME and IEco
(35,000 people!)
Voluntary subsidized HI
11 million people covered
Some social assistance
(1.23% population)
Poor and
Informal
near poor
economy
Mandatory Social Insurance
old-age pensions, disability,
health, sickness and
unemployment insurance
9.4 million workers i.e. 18 per
cent of the total workforce
Mandatory Health insurance
30 million people covered
State owned enterprises,
public and private sector
Horizontal dimension
1. National Social Protection Strategy for the ten coming years (2011-20)
.. Objectives: Universal health insurance by 2014; increase coverage
of informal economy; social protection floor for all …
Situation & ILO’s plan in Indonesia
83% population
Jamsostek pilot
project (400,000 p.
covered)
Jamsostek
Taspen
Asabri
Jamsostek
Askes
Own
hospitals
Jamkesmas (76.4 million p. covered)
CCTs / UCT; Rice for the poor;
Scholarships; Community Empowt prog.
Poor and
near poor
Informal
economy
Private
sector
employees
Civil servants
Armed forces
1. National social protection strategy for the ten coming years
2. Objective of universal HC coverage by 2014 (already 46% in 2009)
3. Fragmentation of Social assistance ; challenges for the economy
ILO plan: Support to the implementation of the national social protection strategy &
Indonesian Jobs Pact through policy work, piloting, capacity building and increasing
coordination (Resource gap)
Momentum – past and upcoming
events
2003 - 2008
• In 2001, the ILC reiterated that social security was a basic human right, and reaffirmed that its
extension to all in need was a fundamental part of the ILO’s mandate and a challenge that needed to
be addressed seriously and urgently by all member States. Accordingly ILO’s Global Campaign on
Social Security and Coverage for all was launched (2003).
• The World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization adopts the idea of a ‘socio economic
floor’ in its report (2004)
• Regional Tripartite Meetings on social protection: Latin America (Santiago – 2007), Arab States
(Amman – 2008), Asia (New Delhi - 2008)
• The ILC adopted the ILO Declaration on Social Justice for a fair Globalization (June 2008)
2009
• Adopted by UN-CEB (Chief Executives Board) as one of the 9 crisis initiative (April)
• OECD DAC (POVNET) endorsed a policy statement on the role of employment and social protection at
its High-level Meeting. Launch of publications on Promoting Pro- Poor Growth: the role of Employment
and Social Protection (Oct)
• SPF adopted by the ILC as part of the Global Job Pact (June)
• SPF Initiative Interagency Meeting => MANUAL for country operations (Oct)
• Tripartite meeting of experts on ‘strategies for the extension of social security coverage’ in Geneva
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(Sept)
Momentum – past and upcoming
events
2010
•
UN Economic and Social Council Resolution 2010/12 on Promoting Social Integration (Feb)
•
The EU, Latin America and Caribbean Countries Meeting in Madrid (May)
•
The Joint World Conference on Social Work and Social Development in Hong Kong (June)
•
Side Event, ILC 2010: "The Social Protection Floor Initiative" in Geneva (June)
•
Sharing Innovative Experiences on the Social Protection Floor in Turin, Italy (July)
•
Creation and 1st Meeting of the high level SPF Global Advisory Group (Aug)
•
Resolution MDG summit in NY (Sept)
•
ASEM Workshop on the SPF and the Informal Economy in Nice & the ASEM 8 Summit in
Brussels (Sept & Oct)
•
Global Poverty Reduction and Development Forum in Beijing, China (Oct)
•
Adoption of ‘The Yaoundé Tripartite Declaration on the Implementation of the SPF’ at
the 2nd Africa Decent Work Symposium (Oct)
•
Global South-South Development Expo 2010 in Geneva (Nov)
•
The 2nd Inter-Agency Technical Meeting of the UN SPF Initiative in Geneva (Nov)
•
The 17th ILO Tripartite American Regional Meeting in Santiago (Dec)
•
Launch of the EU’s European Report on Development 2010/2011 on ‘Social Protection for
Inclusive Development’ (Dec)
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Momentum – past and some
upcoming events
2011
•
Commemoration of the World Day of Social Justice: Achieving Social Protection for All (Feb)
•
UNESCO Forum/ the third meeting of the Ministers in charge of Social Development - South
Asia, in Colombo, Sri Lanka (Feb)
•
SPF Initiative Interagency Technical Meeting in Turin, Italy (March)
•
Workshop (Jan) and joint ILO-IMF meeting (March) on quantitative SPF assessments/ benefits
costing in 7 countries
•
SPF High Level Advisory Group Consultative Workshop (March)
•
ASEM forum in Hanoi (April)
•
Inter-agency Show and Tell Meeting on Social protection, Bonn (May)
•
G20 Consultation Meeting Argentina-Brazil-France-Mexico, Declaration of Brasilia on the SPF
(May), Consultation on going in South Africa , Indonesia , China, India)
Upcoming
•
100th session of the ILC – Recurrent discussion on ‘Social security for social justice and a
fair globalization’, report on the strategic objective of social protection (social security)
(June 2011)
•
Ministerial Meeting G20 on Work and Employment (Sept. 2011)
•
G20 Summit, 6th Meeting of the G20 heads of government in Cannes, France (Nov 2011)
And more...
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Momentum – past and upcoming
events
• Global and regional meetings (2004-2011), including:
The World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization, MDG, ASEM, EU,
OECD, G20, UN ECOSOC, Global South-South Development Expo 2010, UNESCO
forum, Yaoundé declaration on the SPF, Declaration of Brasilia on the SPF
• SPF Initiative adopted in April 2009
• SPF Advisory Group created in August 2010
Upcoming events
• 100th session of the ILC – Recurrent discussion on ‘Social security
for social justice and a fair globalization’ (June 2011)
• Ministerial Meeting G20 on Work and Employment (Sept. 2011)
• G20 Summit 2011, in France (Nov. 2011)
And more...
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