Transcript DEVELOPMENT AND PROSPECT OF DISTANCE EDUCATION IN …

DEVELOPMENT AND
PROSPECT OF DISTANCE
LEARNING IN CHINA
Xuewei SUN
Qingjun DIAO Jichang YAN
School of Continuing Education
Tsinghua University, China
Sophia Antipolis, France, 6 May, 2002
A. Survey on Distance Learning in
Higher Educational Institutions in
Mainland China
B. Situation of Distance Learning in
Tsinghua University
C. Some Thinking About Development
of Distance Learning
A. Survey on Distance Learning in
Higher Educational Institutions
in Mainland China
a. System and management organization
on distance learning
b. Students who are learning via distance
education
c. Transmission modes
a. System and management
organization on distance learning
Science & Technology
Department
Student Management
Department
Ministry of
Education
China
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Higher Education
Department
Office of Educational
Technology
Experts Consulting
Group
Chinese modern distance
education standard
committee
Chinese Resource
Construction
Committee for Modern
Distance Education
Higher education
department
Division of Distance
Education
National Modern
Distance Education
Coordination
Organization of
Chinese Universities
Division of Satellite Station
General standard of
modern distance learning
Working
group subjects
Standard relative to
learners
Data and metadata
standard
Platform and tools
standard
Strategy research, Investigation
Associate Group for Modern Distance
Education of China Higher Education
Institutions
1. Secretary Group (Unit in Charge:
Tsinghua University)
2. Teaching Management Group (Unit in
Charge;Beijing Normal Univ.)
3. Educational Technology Group (Unit in
Charge, Peking Univ.)
 Chief unit of group: Tsinghua University
 Vice chief units of group:
Peking Univ.,
Beijing Normal Univ.,
China People’s Univ.,
Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.,
Hunan Univ.,
Chongqing Uinv.
 Chair of Group: Prof. Hu Dongcheng,
Vice President of Tsinghua Univ.
 Vice Chair of Group:Prof. He Fangchuan,
Vice President of Peking Univ. et al.
 Secretary General:Prof. Yan Jichang,
Executive Vice Dean of School of
Continuing Education, Tsinghua Univ.
 Vice secretary general:Prof.Hou Jianjun,
Chief of Division of Distance Learning,
Peking Univ., et al
List Of Universities Which Are Approved To
Do Distance Learning Test By the Ministry
Of Education Of China
 (1) First 31 Universities (July, 2000):
Tsinghua Univ., Peking Univ., Zhejiang
Univ., Beijing University of Posts and
Telecommucations,hunan Univ.,
Shanghai Jiaotong Univ., Beijing Normal
Univ., China North-east Univ.,
Fudan Univ.,etc
(2)Second 7 Universities (end of 2000):
Chinese East Normal Univ.,Xiamen
Univ., etc.
(3) Third 7 Universities (2001): China
Agriculture Univ., Nankai Univ., etc
Tasks of the Associate Group
1. Study the policy and rule for
developing DL
2. Promote the infrastructure construction
3. Evaluate the DL quality
4. Enhance cooperation and academic
exchanging (international and domestic)
5. Provide the basic information for MOE;
Consulting
b. Students who are learning via
distance education
Three Educational Systems of China
Higher Education
Ordinary higher education
full time student
Ordinary diploma,degree
Higher
Education in
China
Adult higher education
fulltime student
Part time student
Adult diploma,degree
Self-taught exams
Part time student
diploma, degree
Students (data up to Nov. 2001)
63,232
70,000
60,000
40,896
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
8,136
12581
14400
7,568
690
Original Universities
Post Graduate
Original Undergraduate
Adult Undergraduate from two-year college
Adult Undergraduate from high school
Adult Three Years College
Second Diploma Undergraduate
Non-diploma, degree
Students (data up to Nov. 2001)
231,772
232,000
231,000
230,000
228,554
229,000
228,000
227,000
226,000
Central Radio&TV Univ.
Adult Undergraduate from two-year college
Adult Three Years College
Total Students
(including Original
Universities and
Central
Radio&TV Univ.):
607,838
c. Transmission modes
Transmission Modes (38 universities)
40
38
32
30
20
13
11
10
0
Internet 100%
Satellite 34.2%
Cable TV 28.9%
Video Conference System 84.2%
Other (Radio etc.) 21%
8
(1) China Education Broadband Satellite Net
(CETV: Central Education TV)
Open from Oct. 31, 2000
It provides: Audio, Video Broadcasting,
IP Program, etc. to Whole Country.
IP Data Broadcasting :
Distance Learning Course
Peking University, Central Radio &TV univ.,
China Agriculture Univ., Beijing University
of Posts and Telecommunications, etc.
Communication Satellite:Sino-1
KU Band, 6A transmitter, Down
transmitting central frequency : 12620MHz
(2) Tsinghua university
Communication Satellite: Asia-2, KU
Band
Bandwidth: 6.5 MHz
Specially used to transmit living
broadcast course, multimedia courseware,
teaching assistant materials, etc.
B. Situation of Distance Learning
in Tsinghua University
1. Guidelines
Planning as a whole
Driving by demand
Extending and opening
Improving the quality
2. Running System at Present
Tsinghua University has set up 113 teaching
stations located in all the provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities
except Tibet in China. Most of them are set
up in higher education institutes (such as
Yunnan Univ., Sichuan Radio and TV Univ.,
etc.)
3. Transmission Modes and Tests
on Various Modes of Interactive
Distance Learning
 Internet
 Satellite Digital Broadcasting Network
 Cable Radio&TV Network
The basic mode for teaching stations outof campus is the coordinated running of
satellite network and computer network
Communication Satellite: Asia-2, KU
Band
Bandwidth: 6.5 MHz
IP Data Broadcasting is the focus in later
development
Real-time interactive talk and answer
system uses these several modes:
a. Satellite VSAT System
b. ISDN Video Conference System
c. Video&Audio Phone System
d. Real-time Interactive System on the
Network
System scheme of distance learning in Tsinghua Univ.
Cable TV Network Transmission Platform
China has the biggest Cable TV
Network in the world and it is
broadband high-speed network which
can transmit multi-channel educational
or other programs.
We have made a test on Distance
Learning by using Cable TV Network
with the cooperation of Xiamen Cable
TV Transmission Center
Tests on Network Distance Learning
On Beijing Science and Education
Information Network(ATM 155M), all
the courses are web-based.
Tsinghua Univ. Network School has
opened 137 network courses and 397
network self-study courseware
4. Levels and Types of the Courses
 Training programs of High Technology and
Modern Business Management
 Advance studies as postgraduate level:
Management of Enterprise,
Computer Application Techniques,
Civil and Commercial Law
 Adult Diploma Education
Economics, Law, English
Art Design, Environmental Art Design,
Garment Art Design
Students
Training of High Technology and Advanced
Modern Business Management
>2000
Advance studies as postgraduate level 6200
Management of Enterprise
3321
Computer Application Technology
1952
Civil and Commercial Law
461
Students (Cont.)
Adult Diploma Education
Freshmen of Autumn 2001
English
382
Economics
765
Law
853
Art Design
752
Total
2752
5200
5. Quality Guarantee System
 Examine and approve teaching schedules
and syllabi strictly, ensure them accord with
the requirement of Ministry of Education
 Choose excellent teachers to teach, to offer
courseware scripts and to participate in
courseware’s produce
 Carry out discussion, tutorship and question
answer
 Stringent examination system: Establish
and keep strict examination discipline and
good examination atmosphere
 Signed Contact with the Exam Center
of the Ministry of Education in Mar.
14, 2001
The exams of Distance Learning of
Tsinghua University will be organized
by the Exam Center. This is useful to
guarantee the exam quality and reduce
the exam costs.
6. Distance Learning Does a Favor
to Developing Western China
 There has established 24 teaching stations
in Western areas.
 There are 3821 students now, among them：
Advance studies as postgraduate 1877
Adult Diploma Education 444
Training of High Technology and
Advanced Modern Business
Management 1500
Preferential Methods to Western
Areas
 With more recruit numbers in Western
areas
 The tuition fee of Adult Diploma
Education in Western areas is 50% off
 The tuition fee of Advance studies as
postgraduate in Western areas is 30%
off
7. Many units of Tsinghua
University actively develop online
education
 School of Architecture and Graduate
School in Tsinghua Univ. etc. are
developing and using online courses
for training postgraduates and
engineering masters
8. Cooperation with abroad
 Cooperation with WBI in Mar. 2001
“Challenge and Opportunity of
Globalization and China’s Entry into WTO”
8 distance stations participated
Totally 420 students and 297 passed.
The course is running the second time during
Aug.-Oct. this year.
 Other partners
MUCIA, APRU, NIME, and Osaka Univ., etc.
C. Some Thinking About Development
of Distance Learning
Orientation and function of Continue
Education in Tsinghua University
 Principles
Can’t take too much the resource in the
Campus
Can’t damage the reputation of Tsinghua
University
Focusing on Non-diploma and Non-degree
education
Focusing on in-service study
Focusing on distance learning
Diploma and degree Education should
consider the endure ability of the
university
Excellence students in the society can
get diplomas of Tsinghua University
“Engage on the internal work, Neaten
the stations, Perfect the service,
Improve the quality”
 Integrating the campus resource, avoiding
overlap and no order competition
Exploring the mechanism of the
industrialization of training education
 Ensure Tsinghua’s leader position in the
universities in developing distance
education. Preparing to compete with
education organizations in our country and
from aboard
 Enhance the service system for Distance
Learning, including network service,
digital library, etc.
 Colleges and Academic departments should
encourage faculties to devote into Distance
Learning and set up the reputation of
Distance Learning of Tsinghua University
 Tsinghua Network School has been set up in
April 2000. Tsinghua University Educational
Administration Office and the School of
Continuing Education have started the project of
web-based courseware production.
 With the upgrading of China Education and
Research Network, we carry out more distance
education through web nationwide.
 To enhance collaborations with the institutes
beyond Chinese mainland is very important.
Thanks for your
attention