Transcript Document
= 1 packet of sugar equals 1 hogshead or roughly 80,000 pounds of sugar. 1 packet of sugar equals 1 puncheon of rum which is produced from sugar. = 1 black strip of construction paper equals one slave: man, woman, or child. 1 tongue depressor equals 1 ton of wood. Money in Pounds (£) The Sugar Plantation Owners begin the simulation. They have 10 slaves, represented by ten black strips of construction paper linked into a paper chain. Sugar Planation Owners New England Merchants Begins with: Begins with: 10 slaves and 50 hogsheads of sugar 100 tons of wood and £550 African Traders Begins with: 50 slaves Sugar Planation Owners Sell 50 hogsheads of sugar for Click here to £200 and 50 tons of wood to reveal simulation. the New England Merchants New England Merchants African Traders 5 hogsheads of sugar are damaged by water and rats during the trip. 5 more hogsheads remain in your city to be sold to Click here to people who live in North reveal simulation. America. Take those 10 away. Send the remaining 40 hogsheads, now process into rum to the African Trader. Trade slaves for rum at the rate of 3 sugar puncheons of rum for a man, 2 women, Click andhere 1 fortoa child. (Provide reveal New simulation. England merchants with a strip of black paper for each slave traded.) New England Merchants Sugar Planation Owners Take the slaves you just purchased, staple the strips of black paper into links of a chain. Sail to the West IndiesClick here alsotoknown as reveal the “Sugar simulation. Islands.” Before landing, remove 2 links; these slaves died on the voyage as 10-20% of the slaves routinely did. Remove 3 links from your existing chain. You need t replace at least three slaves who have died this year due to illness, exhaustion, and a deadly accident at the mill. Also remove your wood; this isn’t a resource you use for trade, it is used Click here to up in producing sugar. If you reveal purchase moresimulation. slaves, you will be able to produce more sugar and molasses. You have £200. Buy slaves from New England Merchants at the rate of £30 for man, £20 for a woman, and £10 for a child, leaving £50 in cash. Count your cash, total it, and report it to the simulation coordinator. Each group should have: Sugar Planation Owners 14 slaves Click here has to been (most of the wood used)totals. and reveal £50 in cash. New England Merchants African Traders 100 tons of wood, 10 Click slaves, hereand to £150 from reveal thetotals. slave sales just transacted. 31 slaves 40 hogsheads of sugar Click here to (most of the sugar has reveal totals. been converted to rum and consumed) Which group made the most cash? Which group made the least cash? Sugar Planation Owners 2 of your slaves have run away; your remaining 12 slaves have produced an average of 1 hogshead of sugar each (The sugar planters receive 12 packs of sugar to trade.) Trade all 12 of your hogsheads of sugar to the New England Merchants for 25 tons of wood to produce more sugar and 3 more slaves. Sugar Plantation Owners Stop the Presses! One of the two ships carrying sugar to New England has been attacked by privateers and the sugar is lost. Now only 6 hogsheads of sugar Click here to make it to New England. You can reveal simulation. no longer buy any slaves, but can only afford 12 tons of wood (move 12 tongue depressors to the Sugar Planters.) New England Merchants You refine the 6 hogsheads of sugar you receive into puncheons of rum to sell it to the African Traders. Because no Click here to sugar was lost and rum is reveal simulation. scarce; less rum is needed to buy each slave. You can purchase a slave for 1 puncheon this time around. African Trader Trade slaves for rum at a rate of one puncheon (sugar packet turned rum) to slave. You receive 6 sugar Click herepackets. to reveal simulation. New England Merchants receive a strip of black paper for each slave traded. New England Merchants Sugar Plantation Owners Staple the strips of black paper into links of a chain. Sail to the “Sugar Islands.” You decided to pack more slaves into the ship, but morehere of them Click to died (typically 30-50% death-rates reveal simulation. occurred on “tight-pack” slave ships.) Remove 3 links… they died en route. Remove two links from your chain. You need to replace at least two slaves who have died this year. If you purchase more than two slaves, you will be Click here to able to produce more sugar simulation. andreveal molasses. Buy slaves from New England Merchants at the rate of £30 for a man, £20 for a woman, and £10 for a child. Count your cash, total it, and report it to the simulation coordinator. Each group should have: Sugar Planation Owners New England Merchants African Traders Click hereand to 15 slaves noreveal remaining cash totals. 63 tons of wood 10 slaves Click here to £200 from the slave sales reveal totals. just transacted in both rounds. 25 slaves and Click here to more rum, but it is being reveal totals. consumed quickly. Which group made the most cash? Which group made the least cash? Which resources last the longest, which the least? Which are, as a result, more valuable in the short term or long term? Sugar Planation Owners A drought shriveled the sugar cane crop. You have no sugar to trade, but need supplies. Sell 4 slaves to the New England Merchants for 13 tons of wood to produce sugar with your remaining slaves. Sugar Plantation Owners New England Merchants Each remaining slave produces, on average, half a hogshead of sugar (you have more women and children) for a total crop of 5 hogsheads of sugar (receive 5 sugar packets). Sell to the New England Merchants for 1 slave and 5 tons of wood. Refine your 5 hogsheads of sugar into rum. You can also spend £50 and buy additional rum from other colonies (Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, etc.) Then ship all your rum- 15 manufactured and purchased puncheons to African Traders. African Traders Trade slaves at the rate of 3 puncheons of rum per man, 2 per women, Click and here1 per to child. For 15 puncheons of rum, you reveal simulation. can sell 3 men, 2 women and 3 children. New England Merchants Staple the strips of black paper into links of a chain. Sail to the Sugar Islands. You decided to purchase few slaves and provide them with slightly more Click here to space and exercise; historically thisreveal reducedsimulation. death rates to between 5-10%. Remove one link; this slave died on the voyage. Sugar Plantation Owners Remove two links from the chain. You need to replace at least two slaves who have died this year. If you purchase more than two slaves, you will be able to produce more Click to (the sugar. This year,here your slaves remaining 9) produced 2 hogsheads reveal simulation. of sugar each. You don’t have any cash, so need to buy slaves from New England Merchants in sugar at the rate of 3 hogsheads for a man, 2 for a woman, and one for a child. Count your cash, total it, and report it to the simulation coordinator. Each group should have: Sugar Planation Owners New England Merchants African Traders Click hereand to 16 slaves noreveal remaining cash totals. 45 tons of wood 9 slaves Click here to £150 from the slave sales just reveal totals.rounds. transacted in previous 17 slaves and Click here to a little rum, but it is being reveal totals. consumed quickly. Which group made the most cash? Which group made the least cash? Will it be possible to continue this simulation, or has any group gone bankrupt? What other possible risks, natural disasters, good luck, or good planning could factor into the success or failure of these various groups? Who profited most from the Triangular Trade? Was it possible for the colonial sugar industry to survive without slave labor? Was it possible for the Triangular Trade to survive without sugar? How did sugar change the world? Sugar and Slavery: Diagramming the Triangular Trade Sugar Planation Owners Start of Simulation Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 End of Simulation • 50 hogshead of sugar • 10 slaves New England Merchants • 100 tons of wood • £550 African Traders • 50 slaves Sugar and Slavery: Diagramming the Triangle Trade http://www.ettc.net/tah/Reading%20Assignments/Sugar%20and%20Slavery--revised.pdf Images: http://www.therumelier.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/hogshead.JPG http://www.ulib.niu.edu/rarebooks/images/westindies1820.jpg http://www.gettyimages.com/creative/sugar-packet-stock-photos http://www.perpetualpermanentmakeup.com/tongue-depressor.html http://mymommysplace.com/blog/2010/10/27/handprint-spiders-on-your-arm-eeeeek/ http://bulcranium.blogspot.com/2012/09/largest-collection-of-provincial.html http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/The_City_Bank_Of_Sydney_20_pound_note.jpg http://brassgoggles.co.uk/forum/index.php?topic=24652.0