Transcript Chapter 28, Section 3

 Migrated people from China broken up into different
kingdoms.
 660-1200 AD the country was unified under the Silla
kingdom.
 Unified people group until 1953; SAME CULTURE.
 1910-1945 Japan took control.
 Harsh conditions by the Japanese toward the Koreans;
forced into labor camps and thousands were killed.
 After WWII the two super powers split up their
influence over the Korean Peninsula.
 The Soviet Union influenced the North and US the
South.
 1950 North Korean troops, under Kim il-Sung, invaded
South Korea to start the Korean War and unify the
country.
 United States fought with South Korea in an attempt to
stop the spread of communism.
 War ended in 1953 and created two countries at the
38th parallel.
 4 million Korean soldiers and civilians were killed.
 South Korean culture is influenced by the West.
 Modernized and Westernized after the Korean War.
 Rigorous education system.
 Extreme competition to go to college; must pass an
entrance exam. “Sa Dang, O Rak”  4 pass, 5 fail.
 South Korea’s main religion is Christianity.
 6:50 a.m. Wakes, gets dressed for school and eats some toast
7:40 a.m. Walks to school
8:10 a.m. Attends a 40-minute English comprehension lesson
8:50 a.m.-4:30 p.m. Classes
5 p.m. Eats some rice cakes, starts homework
6 p.m. Private math tutorial
8 p.m. More homework
8:50 p.m. Leaves home for cram school
9:20 p.m. Attends English lesson at cram school
Midnight Teacher drives her home
12:30 a.m. Arrives home, takes a shower, does more homework, has a snack,
plays computer games
2:00 a.m. Time for sleep—for less than five hours
 Before WWII economy was agriculture.
 13th highest economy in the world and 3rd in Asia.
 Today, South Korea has a strong trading economy in
shipbuilding, automobile parts, steel, and chemical
industries.
 Per capita income $31, 200  2011
 Since 1983 South Korean has been one of the most
democratic nations.
 Amazing turn around from traditional to modern after the
Korean War.
Communist star!
 North Korea controlled by Kim Il-Sung (Great Leader)
until 1994 who put in communism.
 Oppressive regime that drove the economy into the
ground.
 1994-2011 Kim Jong-Il (Dear Leader) controlled country.
 New leader is son, Kim Jong-Un.
 Population 23 million with an estimated annual per
capita income of 1,700 USD.
 That’s 141 dollars a month! 4.72 a day!
Old
president
Kim jongIl
Current
president,
Kim jong-Un
 Political propaganda used to ensure the “Cult of
Personality” of the Kim family.
 A cult of personality arises when an individual uses
mas media, propaganda, or other methods, to create an
idealized, heroic, and, at times god-like public image,
often through unquestioning flattery and praise.
 There are weekly sessions where North Koreans are
taught the Kim family posses supreme supernatural
powers.
 Belief that Kim Jong-Il had a miraculous birth atop a
legendary mountain (fact  he was born in the Soviet
Union)
 Government divides citizens’ loyalty into “core,”
“wavering” and “hostile.”
 Correlates [connects] with socio economic status.
 Require citizens to spy on each other, even family.
 Anyone who is critical of the government is subject to
torture, execution, or imprisonment in a concentration
camp.
 All radio, television, newspapers and church sermons
are government controlled and praise the leader.
 Traveling outside of North Korea is forbidden as is
contact with a foreigner.
 Punishment for travel outside of North Korea is
punishable by death.
 10 government concentration camps with 200,000-
250,000 prisoners in them currently.
 Camp conditions are terrible with a casualty rate as
high as 25%.
 North Korea has no legal court process so imprisoning,
torture and execution at will is allowed.
 Public executions are a common site.
 Heavily militarized claiming 1.3 million soldiers
(world’s 5th largest).
 Military research program developing nuclear
weapons and long-range missiles.
 DMZ  massive artillery on the border with South
Korea designed to inflict heavy casualties on Seoul.
 Most militarized zone in the world.
 During the 1990s 3.5 million people died of starvation.
 Sanctions are not put on North Korea because
international grain donations would result in the
deaths of million more.
 Malnutrition is universal except among the ruling class.
 Average 7 year old is eight inches shorter than a South
Korean of the same age.
 Probably the most oppressive regime on Earth.
 2013  North Korea launched a satellite into space
which threatens South Korea due to the possible
capability of having long distance missiles.
 UN responded with sanctions.
 “In an angry statement, North Korean officials pledged to
conduct a third nuclear test, vowing that if South Korea
supports the sanctions it would use ‘strong physical
countermeasures’ against ‘the group of puppet traitors’ in
Seoul” (Matthew Chance, CNN).
 Tensions growing between the two countries toward a
possible war.
 No diplomatic relations since the Korean War.
 North Korea considers the U.S. it’s sworn “enemy.”
 Jan, 2013  Vowed to “carry out further rocket launches
and a nuclear test that would target the United States”
(Ju-min, Reuters).
 Between 1995 and 2008, the United States provided
North Korea with over $1.3 billion in assistance.
 Since early 2009, the United States has provided
virtually no aid to North Korea.
 February, 2012  North Korea agreed to ending their
nuclear program and allow inspectors in. The US in
response pledged food aid.
 240,000 metric tons!
 Agreement ended when North Korea launched
satellite.
 Standstill continues.
North
Korea
South
Korea