Transcript Document

MODULE B - PROCESS
B1.
B2.
B3.
B4.
B5.
B6.
B7.
B8.
B9.
B10.
SUBMODULES
Organizational Structure
Standards Development: Roles and
Responsibilities
Conformity Assessment: Roles and
Responsibilities
Initiating Standards Projects
Consensus Process for Standards
Development
The Basics of Parliamentary Procedure
The Appeals Process
International Standards Development
ASME Conformity Assessment Programs
Performance Based Standards
ASME C&S Training Module B8
REVISIONS
DATE SLIDE
9/13/06
6
6 Notes
7
8 & Notes
23 Notes
45 & Notes
CHANGE
First listed item revised.
First bulleted item and last paragraph revised.
New slide added; remainder of slides renumbered.
First listed item revised.
List of countries revised.
New bulleted item added; description in Notes.
ASME C&S Training Module B8
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B8. International
Standards Development
OBJECTIVES
This submodule will
– Describe the multiple paths to international
standardization.
ASME C&S Training Module B8
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AGENDA
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
ASME International Standards
Normative References
U.S. National Adoption of ISO Standards
ISO Adoption of ASME Standards
ISO Standards Development
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I. ASME International Standards
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WHAT MAKES A STANDARD
“INTERNATIONAL”?
• Criteria
– A development process characterized by
openness, transparency, international
participation and due process (WTO principles)
– A record of success in meeting or a potential to
meet global marketplace and public safety
needs
– The ability to maintain technical relevance
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARDIZATION
• ASME develops standards intended to meet needs of
industries and governments on global basis
• ASME standards developed under process that meets
WTO principles for international standards
development
• To address global relevance, an ASME committee may
take various approaches, including:
– development of performance based and prescriptive
standards as means of compliance with regulations
or essential safety requirements;
– normative or informative references to non-ASME
international, regional, or national standards; and
– national adoptions of non-ASME international
standards
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ASME INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
• Some ASME codes and standards in international
use
– Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (over 100
countries)
– B31 Piping Codes
– B16 Standards on Valves, Flanges, Fittings and
Gaskets
– Bioprocessing Equipment Standard
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ASME INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
• International Participation
– Enhances international acceptance and use
– Delegate position on ASME Committees
• Represents recognized group of interested parties
(e.g., individuals from a jurisdiction, professional
society, trade organization, users group)
• Represented group reviews/comments on work of
committee or submits proposals
• Group works in own country, in native language.
• Delegate on standards committee has first
consideration voting privilege on standards actions.
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II. Normative References
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NORMATIVE REFERENCES
• Approach
– Incorporate normative reference to ASME Standard in ISO
Standard
• Example
– B31.3 Process Piping Code referenced in
ISO 15649:2001, Petroleum and natural gas industries –
Piping
• Advantages
– Maintain control of technical content
– No need to exert the sometimes extensive effort in
creating new standard
– Users can continue to use familiar requirements
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III. U.S. National Adoption of ISO Standards
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U.S. NATIONAL ADOPTION
• Definition
– Adoption of ISO standard as American National
standard
• Reasons for U.S. national adoption
– No ASME standard exists
– ISO standard is the industry recognized
standard
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U.S. NATIONAL ADOPTION
• Procedure
– Process ISO standard in accordance with ASME
and ANSI procedures.
– Withdraw or modify existing ASME standard.
– Notes:
• ANSI procedures allow for..
– Identical adoption (and expedited approval)
– Modified adoption
• ASME procedures require
– Approval by appropriate Board and Codes
and Standards Board of Directors
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MODIFIED U.S. NATIONAL ADOPTION
• Approaches and rationales
– Process modified U.S. national adoption; add
special U.S. requirements in appendix
• Best when U.S. standard requires additions
but no changes to ISO standard
• Allows multinational companies to use same
standards document both inside and outside
U.S.
– Process modified U.S. national adoption
• When ISO standard needs technical changes
for U.S. use
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POP QUIZ #1
A new ISO standard covering an area
already covered in the U.S. by an existing
ASME standard has rapidly become the
standard of preference in much of the
industry. The new standard does not
address a couple of issues important in the
U.S., but otherwise meets all U.S. needs.
What action might ASME take to update its
U.S. standard in a way that meets the needs
of both domestic and multi-national
companies? _____
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IV. ISO Adoption of ASME Standards
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SUBMISSION OF ASME STANDARDS TO ISO
• Rationale
– Make the ASME standard recognized more internationally
– The ISO Technical Committee has a stronger technical base
• Requirements
– Obtain approval of
• Consensus committee
• Appropriate Board
• Codes and Standards Board of Directors
– Submit as New Work Item proposal
– Use ISO format (ISO template)
– NOTE: With this option the U.S. would lose control over the
technical content in the resulting ISO standard.
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POP QUIZ #2
True or False. All standards recognized
and used internationally are ISO
Standards. _______
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V. ISO STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
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INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR
STANDARDIZATION (ISO)
• Purpose
– To facilitate the internationalization and
unification of standards and related activities
• Membership
– 140 countries, each represented by a national
standards body, each with one vote
– ANSI is the U.S. member body
• Official languages
– English, French, Russian
• Outputs
– International standards, technical reports, etc.
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ISO ORGANIZATION
Technical Management Board (TMB)
Technical Committee (TC)
Subcommittee
Working Group
ASME C&S Training Module B8
Ad Hoc Group
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ISO ORGANIZATION
Technical Management Board
Technical Committee
Subcommittee
Working Group
Ad Hoc Group
ASME C&S Training Module B8
• Technical Management Board
(TMB)
– Manages ISO’s technical
activities and sets policy
– 12 member countries
• 4 permanent members
• 8 rotating members
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ISO ORGANIZATION
Technical Management Board
Technical Committee
Subcommittee
Working Group
Ad Hoc Group
ISO has more
than 180
Technical
Committees
ASME C&S Training Module B8
• Technical Committee (TC)
– Responsible for a
particular technical area,
e.g Pipe Fittings
– Membership: all countries
• P = Participating (must
vote)
• O = Observer (may vote)
• L = Liaison (no vote)
– TMB appoints a national
body to provide Chair and
Secretariat
Slide 24
THE TC SECRETARIAT
• Responsibilities
– Provides administrative and technical support to
the committee in accordance with ISO Directives
• Examples: meeting arrangements, agendas,
letter ballots
– Works closely with ISO Central Secretariat
– Must remain strictly neutral in its dealings
NOTE: ASME is Secretariat for TC 192 on Gas
Turbines; TC 5/SC 10 on Flanges; and TC 96/SC 6 on
Mobile Cranes
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ISO ORGANIZATION
Technical Management Board
Technical Committee
Subcommittee
Working Group
Ad Hoc Group
ISO has close to
600
Subcommittees
ASME C&S Training Module B8
• Subcommittee
– Responsible for a specific
aspect of a TC’s
responsibility
– P and O members only*
– Parent TC appoints
Secretariat
*NOTE: A country’s
Subcommittee membership
category may differ from its
TC category.
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ISO ORGANIZATION
Technical Management Board
Technical Committee
Subcommittee
Working Group
• Working Group/Ad Hoc
Group
– Formed for single project
– Collection of individually
appointed experts
Ad Hoc Group
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ISO NORMATIVE PUBLICATIONS
• International Standard
– Requires approval of 2/3 of P-members with less
than 1/4 of voting members dissenting
– Five year review cycle
• Technical Specification (TS)
– Requires only 2/3 of P-members
– Three year review cycle
• Publicly Available Specification (PAS)
– Requires only a simple majority
– Three year review cycle
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OTHER ISO PUBLICATIONS
• Technical Report (TR)
– Provides information only
• Industry Technical Agreement (ITA)
– Results from international workshop
– Provides information only
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POP QUIZ #3
Consensus for approval of an ISO
Standard is developed by a _____
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Technical Management Board
Technical Committee
Subcommittee
Working Group
Ad Hoc Group
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POP QUIZ #4
(Extra Credit)
Which of the following ISO publications
define standards or norms? _____
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
International Standard
Industry Technical Agreement
Publicly Available Specification
Technical Report
Technical Specification
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ISO STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
•
Stages of Development Process
1. Proposal
2. Preparatory
3. Committee
4. Enquiry
5. Approval
6. Publication
(cont’d)
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ISO STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
• Development process
1. Proposal
New Work
Item
Proposal
(NP)
New Work
Vote by TC
or SC
(NP)
(cont’d)
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ISO STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
• Development process (cont’d)
2. Preparatory
New Work
(NP)
Proposal
Drafted
Working
Draft
(WD)
Submitted
to Parent
TC/SC
(cont’d)
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ISO STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
• Development process (cont’d)
3. Committee
Submitted
to Parent
TC/SC
Committee
Draft
(CD)
TC or SC
Comments
or Letter
Ballot
Draft
International
Standard
(DIS)
(cont’d)
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ISO STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
• Development process (cont’d)
4. Enquiry
Draft
International
Standard
(DIS)
Letter
Ballot
Final Draft
International
Standard
(FDIS)
(cont’d)
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ISO STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
• Development process (cont’d)
5. Approval
Final Draft
International
Standard
(FDIS)
Yes/No
Vote
International
Standard
(IS)
(cont’d)
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ISO STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
• Development process (cont’d)
5. Approval
Final Draft
International
Standard
(FDIS)
Yes/No
Vote
ASME C&S Training Module B8
6. Publication
International
Standard
(IS)
Standard
Published
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POP QUIZ #5
The document used to propose a standards
action to an ISO Technical Committee is
called a _____.
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FAST TRACK DEVELOPMENT
• Development process
1. Proposal
New Work
Item
Proposal
(NP)
Existing
Standard
Vote by
TC or SC
Existing
Standard
(Draft
International
Standard)
ACCEPTED FOR
FAST TRACK
(cont’d)
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FAST TRACK DEVELOPMENT
• Development process (cont’d)
4. Enquiry
Existing
Standard
Letter
Ballot
(Draft
International
Standard)
5. Approval
Final Draft
International
Standard
(FDIS)
Yes/No
Vote
International
Standard
(IS)
ACCEPTED FOR
FAST TRACK
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TECHNICAL ADVISORY GROUP (TAG)
• Role
– The means by which U.S. participates in ISO
Technical Committees
– Responsible for a specific technical area
• ANSI accredits TAG
• Scope of TAG typically matches that of a
specific ISO committee or subcommittee
– Prepares the U.S. position on issues
– Represents U.S. at committee meetings
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TECHNICAL ADVISORY GROUP (TAG)
• Specific Responsibilities
– Determines the U.S. position on
• ISO drafts out for ballot
• ISO Technical Committee agenda items
– Designates U.S. delegations
– Initiates and approves U.S. proposals to TC for
new work
– Recommends the TAG membership
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TECHNICAL ADVISORY GROUP (TAG)
• Membership
– Open to all U.S. national interested parties
(companies, technical and trade organizations,
government agencies and individuals)
– Balanced (no single interest category has
majority)
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TAG ADMINISTRATION
• TAG Administrator
– Organization is accredited by ANSI to administer
a TAG
– Provides Chairman and administrative services
in accordance with ANSI and ISO procedures
• TAG Secretary
– TAG Administrator “staff”
– Duties include meeting arrangements and
minutes, agendas, letter ballots, etc.
– For ASME TAG, an ASME staff person
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TAG PROCEDURES
• Requirements
– Must be based on ANSI Model Operating
Procedures
– May include changes and additions
– Possible additions:
• ASME categories of interest
• Things to consider when thinking of hosting
an ISO meeting
• Generic Procedures for ASME-administered TAG’s
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TAG PROCEDURES
• Basic concepts
– Openness
– One member, one vote
– Balance
– All negatives considered
– Appeals process
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POP QUIZ #6
Which of the following apply? U.S. Technical
Advisory Groups administered by ASME
shall:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Be balanced
Be a Standards Committee
Have a scope the same as the ISO activity
Be accredited by ANSI
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SUBMITTING A U.S. POSITION
• Step 1: Determining the consensus position
– Option 1 (2 ballots needed)
• Draft sent to TAG for ballot
• Consolidated position prepared
• Consolidated position balloted
– Option 2 (1 ballot needed)
• Draft sent to TAG for comment
• Project Team prepares proposed position
• Proposed position balloted
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SUBMITTING A U.S. POSITION
• Step 2: Submitting the position to ISO
Technical
Advisory
Group
(TAG)
TAG
Position
ASME C&S Training Module B8
ANSI
U.S.
Ballot
ISO
Secretariat
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EFFECTIVE ISO PARTICIPATION
• Guidelines/Considerations
– Begin participation in early stages of draft
development.
– Consider being a Convener.
– Study the ISO Directives (procedures).
– Know how to use the ISO Template.
– Review ANSI’s Guide for U.S. Delegates to ISO
Meetings.
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SUMMARY
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
ASME International Standards
Normative References
U.S. National Adoption of ISO Standards
ISO Adoption of ASME Standards
ISO Standards Development
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REFERENCES
– Codes and Standards Policy CSP-4, International
Standardization
• http://cstools.asme.org/csconnect/CommitteePages.cfm?
Committee=A01000000&Action=7609
– ANSI Procedures for U.S. Participation in the International
Standards Activities of the ISO
• http://public.ansi.org/ansionline/Documents/Standards%20
Activities/International%20Standardization/ISO/intl0504.doc
– ANSI Guide for U.S. Delegates to IEC and ISO Meetings*
– ISO Directives*
– ISO Templates*
– Vienna Agreement*
* Available on C&S Web site at http://www.asme.org/Codes/
About/Links/Links_Codes_Standards.cfm
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