Non renewable Renewable

Pancha Bhoothas

SKY AIR WATER FIRE LAND

RENEWABLE ENERGY

Types of renewable energy sources

Wind Power Wave Power Tidal Power Solar energy Hydroelectricity Geothermal Biomass Biofuel

WIND

Why Wind Energy?

• • • • • • • • • • Most viable & largest renewable energy resource Widely distributed & clean Can get started with as small as 100-200 W Produces no green house gas emissions Low gestation period No raw materials & fuels required No pollution No hassles of disposal of waste Quick returns??

Good alternative for conventional power plants

Wind Energy - What is it?

• • • Wind is the natural movement of air across the land or sea. Wind is caused by uneven heating and cooling of the earth's surface and by the earth's rotation. Land and water areas absorb and release different amount of heat received from the sun. As warm air rises, cooler air rushes in to take its place, causing local winds.

The rotation of the earth changes the direction of the flow of air.

WIND RESOURCE-GLOBAL WIND SYSTEM • All renewable energy (except tidal and geothermal power), and even the energy in fossil fuels, ultimately comes from the sun.

About 1–2% of the energy coming from the sun is converted into wind energy The region around equator at 0 deg latitude are heated more by the sun than the rest of the globe. Due to this flow of air takes place from the cold regions to hot regions.

WIND POWER - What is it?

Basic technology

• Wind converts Electric kinetic Generator energy available in wind to electrical energy by using rotor, gearbox and generator.

The Basic Process

• • • The wind turns the blades of a windmill-like machine. The rotating blades turn the shaft to which they are attached. The turning shaft typically can either power a pump or turn a generator, which produces electricity.

The Basic Process

• • • The amount of energy produced by a wind machine depends upon 1.Wind speed and the size of the blades.

In general, when the wind speed doubles, the power produced increases eight times. As the diameter of the circle formed by the blades doubles, the power increases four times.

Wind Turbines: Number of Blades

Most common design is the three-bladed turbine. + Better stability.

A rotor with an odd number of rotor blades (and at least three blades) can be considered to be similar to a disc when calculating the dynamic properties of the machine.

A rotor with an even number of blades will give stability problems for a machine with a stiff structure..

Details of WEG

Wind Density Map - India

WIND - CLASS

CLASS 1 2 3 4

WINS SPEED M/S 8.5 – AND ABVOVE 7.5 TO 8.5

6.0 – 7.5

UPTO 6.0

Wind Regime in India

• Wind climatology in India is influenced by the strong monsoon circulations • Wind speed during November to March is low, except in Southern tip of Tamil Nadu • Best Windy Sites are in Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra

Location

Andhra Pradesh Gujarat Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Rajasthan Tamilnadu Others Total Potential Vs Installed

Potential - MW

1200 6488 4544 90 824 7119 5504 14438

Installed - MW

648 3384 2312 35 386 3427 2734 7251 49 20226

WIND ENERGY SCHEME - TAMILNADU GRID CONNECTED WEG SALE TO DISCOM @ Rs.3.39 / Unit Surplus energy Sale to Discom @ Rs.3.39 / Unit WHEELING FOR CAPTIVE USE – Wheeling / Tr./other charges Surplus energy Banking - Banking charges ( Use before March 31st

Wind Energy Policy – Tamil Nadu • • • • Captive consumption / Sale to Govt.

Banking facility for unused energy for later use Transmission charges / Wheeling charges / Banking charges / SOC / O&M Charges are payable Approximately Rs.1.50 per unit payable to the EB for Captive consumption

Wind Pass In Tamil Nadu

Sl.N

o Name of the Pass / District

1 2 3 Palghat Pass, Coimbatore, Erode Shencottah Pass, Tirunelveli, Tuticorin Aralvoimozhi Pass, Kanyakumari 4 Kambam Pass , Dindigul district

Annaual Avg.Wind Speed – KM/Hr.

18-22 18-22 19-25 19-25

LOCATION

GHCL – WIND ENERGY

WEG CAPACITY INSTALLED CAPACITY

Shankaneri Kanyakumar Dharapuram 600 KW / Enercon E43 3.60 MW 800 KW / Enercon E48 4.80 MW Annual Generation – Avg 160 Lakh units

Which contributes around 25% of present total energy consumption

Wind Power - Efficiency • Plant Load Factor – PLF% • Machine Availability % • Grid Availability % • Lull period – Wind Speed less than required • Import / Export

Can We Store Wind Energy???

WIND ENERGY STORAGE • • • • • • BATTERIES PUMPED STORAGE COMPRESSED AIR HYDROGEN AND AMMONIA OTHER METHODS????

SMART GRID!!!!!!

Pumped Storage Hydro System

Compressed Air Energy

THANKS