Transcript Air Dropped Communications Relay System for Unmanned

SENIOR DESIGN
MAY07-05
Air Dropped
Communications Relay
System for Unmanned
Aerial Vehicles
Team Information
Client:
Mr. Todd Colten
Lockheed Martin
Advisor:
Dr. Ahmed Kamal
Professor, ISU
Team:
John Chargo
CprE
Andrew Hanrath
EE
Jonathan Hoback
EE
Matthew Pross
EE
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Problem Statement
“Develop a system of self-contained
communications nodes that can be airdropped from a UAV at an altitude of 500ft.
The nodes will then provide ‘network-centric’
IEEE 802.11 communications between
ground and aerial vehicles separated by a
large geographic area”
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End Users and Uses
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Functional Requirements
•Provide IEEE 802.11 coverage area of 100 km by 100 m
•Drop from a UAV at 500 ft
•Efficiently fit nodes in payload bay of UAV
•Node should operate continuously for 6 hrs over 48 hrs
•Operate within an outside environment
•Sensitive data shall be destroyed after operational life
•All data on the network shall be secured
•Communicate reliably between mobile ground and aerial
vehicles
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General Solution Approach
RN
RN
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Node Design
Relay Antenna
Aerial Antenna
Radio
Power Supply
PWM
Battery
Timer
Software
Processing Unit
Parachute
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Node Lifecycle
Four main stages in each node’s life:
Node Deployed
Node Activates
< 1 minute
Node active
<15 seconds
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Node Self-destructs
approx 6 hours
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Enclosure
• High-impact lexan
– Will not interfere with
RF communications
– Will withstand the drop
– Inexpensive to
produce
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Parachute
•Semi-hemispherical
•Ripstop Nylon
•2.03 m diameter w/ 3” spill hole
•Shoud lines: 3.03 m w/ Nomex shield
covers
•Deployment: Model rocket engines
(x2)
•SBC triggered igniters
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Antenna Support
Structure
For efficient and reliable
communications the
antenna must be raised off
the ground.
To accomplish this a lightweight support structure
will inflate out of each node
using CO2
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Processing Platform
Soekris Engineering
net 4526 single board
computer
•MiniPCI slots (x2)
•133MHz CPU
•64 MB SDRAM
•64 MB CompactFlash
•Small form-factor
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Operating System
Pyramid Linux
•Designed for wireless
networking applications
•Support for the Soekris
4526 SBC and Atheros
•Total size: < 64 MB
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Radio/Antenna
• Ubiquiti
SuperRange 2
MiniPCI radio
• Tx: 400 mW
• IEEE 802.11e
• 5dBi 8.4” Dipole
Antenna
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Power Supply
• (1) TI TPS51020
PWM step down
converter
• (6) Tadiran TL5930
lithium-thionyl
chloride (Li-SOCl2)
batteries to provide
19Ah
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Network Components
• AODV-based Routing
Routing Table
Destination Next Hop
0 Null
Null
8 10.1.0.2
10.0.0.1
FN
10.1.0.1
1
8
Routing Table
Destination Next Hop
0 Null
Null
4 10.1.0.1
10.0.0.3
4
RREQ
[Dest: 10.1.0.2]
RREP
2
RREQ
3
RREQ
7
RREP
6
RREP
RN
10.0.0.1
RN
10.0.0.2
Routing Table
Destination Next Hop
0 Null
Null
1 10.1.0.1
0.0.0.0
7 10.1.0.2
10.0.0.2
Routing Table
Destination Next Hop
0 Null
Null
2 10.1.0.1
10.0.0.1
6 10.1.0.2
10.0.0.3
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FN
10.1.0.2
RREQ
5
RREP
RN
10.0.0.3
Routing Table
Destination Next Hop
0 Null
Null
3 10.1.0.1
10.0.0.2
5 10.1.0.2
0.0.0.0
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Network Components
• Quality of Service (QoS)
– IEEE 802.11e
– Provides priority to UAVs
• Encryption
– 128-bit WEP
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Overall System
300m between nodes/100km = 334 nodes in system
Each node: 10”x10”x3”, 6lbs = 8 nodes per UAV
= 42 UAVs to deploy 100km system
Cost per Node: $460
$460/node * 334nodes = $153,640
$1,531/km of coverage ($2,470/mi)
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Summary
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Lexan enclosure
Semi-hemispherical Nylon parachute
Inflatable antenna support structure
SBC with Pyramid Linux
400 mW Radio with 5 dBi Antennas
PWM, Lithium battery, power supply
AODV-based routing, 802.11e, WEP
• Any Questions?
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