The Protestant Reformation 1500-1600

Long-Term Causes

The Renaissance • People began to question the Church

• Printing Press – More books printed – Books printed in the vernacular – Ideas spread faster

– The Gutenberg Bible printed in German, so people can read and interpret it themselves

Long-term Causes

Problems in the Church • Nepotism: Church positions given to family members • Rising taxes and fees for marriages and baptisms • People believe the Church is too wealthy

Long-Term Causes

Strong Monarchs • Some kings, queens, and princes support the Reformation because they want to have more power than the Church officials

Short-term Causes

Martin Luther • German monk

• Wrote “The Ninety-Five Thesis” (1517) – Objected to the sale of indulgences – Was excommunicated by the Pope

Fun Facts!

Married Katherine von Bora

Short-term Causes

Desiderius Erasmus • Renaissance writer

Major objection with the Church

Christianity Should be simple Without rituals

Impact on the Reformation

Wrote the book

Praise of Folly

to help spread ideas

Short-term Effects

New Denominations

Short-term Effects

New Denominations • What was the name of the Protestant branch based on the ideas of Martin Luther?

Short-term Effects

Martin Luther • Lutheran Church = based on the ideas of Luther

Short-term Effects

New Denominations: John Calvin • What was the name of the new Protestant branch based on the ideas of John Calvin?

Short-term Effects

New Denominations: John Calvin • Calvinism – Predestination – The Elect – Salvation based on faith

According to the cartoon, what is a major belief of John Calvin?

Short-term Effects

New Denominations: John Calvin • Calvinism = based on ideas of John Cavlin

Short-term Effects

John Calvin • French priest

Major objection with the Church

Christianity Should be simple without rituals

Impact on the Reformation

Ideas led to Calvinism Believed in predestination

Short-term Effects

New Denominations • What was the name of the Protestant church in England that was created by Henry VIII?

Short-term Effects

New Denominations: Anglican Church • Henry VIII – Broke from the Catholic Church to gain power – Formed the Anglican Church

Fun Facts!

Henry VIII had SIX wives in an effort to have a son as an heir to the throne!

Fun Fact!

Three blind mice, three blind

Nursery Rhymes were a popular form of protest against monarchs

see such a thing in your life, As three blind mice?

Short-term Effects

Holy Roman Empire • Break-up of the Holy Roman Empire

Short-term Effects

Holy Roman Empire • Religious unity in Europe ended • Wars between Catholic and Protestant countries began

Long-term Effects

Catholic Reformation • RCC feared losing members and power • Pope Paul III (1534-1549) – Investigation of abuses – Banned the sale of indulgences

Short-term Effects

Catholic Reformation • Ignatius Loyola – Jesuits – Encouraged schools, evangelism, and missionaries

Long-term Effects

QUESTIONING SPIRIT • Questioning spirit continues – People question other areas of Church belief, science, and government