Transcript Chapter 8

Chapter 8
Photonic Networks
Contents
•
•
•
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Basic Networks
SONET/SDH Standards
Broadcast & Select WDM Networks
Wavelength-Routed Networks
Basic Networks
• Stations or Data Equipment Terminal (DAT)
• Networks
- Local Area Networks (LAN)
- Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
- Wide Area Network (WAN)
• Node
• Topology
- Linear Bus
- Ring
- Star
• Switching
• Routing
• Protocol
• Router
3 Network Topologies
Bus Topology
Ring Topology
Star Topology
Passive Linear Bus Topology
Simplex linear bus with uniformly spaced stations
Liner bus versus star coupler
SONET/SDH
STS-1 SONET frame
with 51.84 Mb/s
(90 bytes/row)(9 rows/frame)(8 bits/byte)
(125 microsecond/frame)=51.84 Mb/s
STS-N SONET frame
with 51.84N Mb/s
N=1,3,12,24,48,192
SONET/SDH
SONET level
Electrical level
Line rate (Mb/s)
SDH equivalent
OC-1
STS-1
51.84
-
OC-3
STS-3
155.52
STM-1
OC-12
STS-12
622.08
STM-4
OC-24
STS-24
1244.16
STM-8
OC-48
STS-48
2488.32
STM-16
OC-96
STS-96
4976.64
STM-32
OC-12
STS-192
9953.28
STM-64
Technical Information
• For more information about SONET/SDH standards and their range,
receiver sensitivity, optical wavelength for various data rate, look at:
• http://www.itu.int
(International Communication Union)
• ITU-T Recommendations G.652, G.653, G.655, G.957, G.691,
G.692
• Tables 12-3, 12-4, 12-5 in the text book give you an idea about ITU
recommendations for different photonic network configurations,
standards, and interfaces.
SONET/SDH Ring
2-Fiber UPSR (Unidirectional Path Switched Ring)
Generic two-fiber unidirectional network
with counter-rotating protection path.
Flow of primary and protection traffic
from node 1 to node 3.
SONET/SDH Networks
Add/Drop Multiplexer
WDM Network
Dense WDM deployment of n wavelengths in an OC-192 trunk ring
Broadcast & Select Networks
Star
Bus
Two physical architectures for a WDM LAN
Wavelength-Routed Networks
(Wavelength reuse, wavelength conversion & optical switching)
Optical Cross-Connects (OXC)