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Health Equity in Action: What It Means for One Foundation Susan G. Zepeda, Ph.D. March 2014 Foundation for a Healthy Kentucky Our mission is to address the unmet health care needs of Kentuckians. We work towards our mission by • Improving access to care • Reducing health risks and disparities • Promoting health equity Foundation for a Healthy Kentucky We: • Make grants • Support and disseminate research • Hold educational forums • Convene communities Foundation for a Healthy Kentucky • Promoting Responsive Health Policy – – – – Increasing access to integrated quality care Supporting children’s health Increasing KYians in smoke-free communities Strengthening local public health • Investing in Kentucky’s Future – 7 community coalitions; 5 year commitment • Strengthening Communities – – – – Social Innovation Fund Matching Grants Challenge Grants Conference Support What is Health Equity? “Health equity is achieving the highest level of health for all people. Health equity entails focused societal efforts to address avoidable inequalities by equalizing the conditions for health for all groups, especially for those who have experienced socioeconomic disadvantage or historical injustices.” (Healthy People 2020) Health Equity • Inequities exist across many dimensions: – – – – – – – – – – Race Income Gender Rural versus urban Education level Ethnicity Immigration status Sexual orientation Social connectedness Other factors • These factors all interact How do we know there’s inequity? We look for: • Inequalities • Disparities ACA requires all federally-funded programs and surveys to collect data on race, sex, ethnicity, language, and disability status How do we know there’s inequity? Health inequalities and disparities are differences among specific population groups, including racial and ethnic minority groups in: • occurrence, • frequency, • death, and burden of diseases • other unfavorable health conditions • Source: HHS How do we know there’s inequity? Inequities are basically disparities that are • Preventable • UNFAIR Decreasing disparities is part of working towards health equity, but it is not enough Two Steps Back to Prevention Social and Physical Environment Exposures & Behaviors Approach adapted from Prevention Institute Health care/services Health Outcomes How do we do our work “through an equity lens?” Through work on population health, primary prevention, and policy-level changes, communities move toward equity How do we do our work “through a health equity lens”? Equality is NOT Equity This is Equality This is Equity What Health Equity Means to Kentucky Where you live, work, play, and learn matters when it comes to health What Kentucky looks like… 36% of KY counties are among America’s “persistent poverty counties” More than 20% of residents living in poverty for > 30 years USDA Economic Research Service Study in contrasts: Oldham County High school grads 91% Per cap income $34,731 Tooth loss 6+ 15% Violent crime 21.8 Owsley County 56% $11,706 42% 231.3 Per 100,000 Cancer Deaths Per 100,000 186 270 What Kentucky looks like… 3 Largest Kentucky Race / Ethnic Groups Racial Identity: • White population is 3,745,655 persons - 86.3%. • Black population is 333,075 persons - 7.7%. Ethnic Identity: • Hispanic population is 132,836 persons - 3.1%. Urban/Rural 58.4% of Kyians live in the State’s 1,411 urban sq miles 41.6% of Kyians live in the State’s 39,486 rural sq. miles – Source: US Census Bureau -Census 2010 Walking our Talk How do we do our work “through a health equity lens?” What changes in our: • Grantmaking? • Polling? • Research? • Training/educational forums? • Community convenings? Doing our Grantmaking through a Health Equity Lens • Learning from our mistakes • Getting our Board and Community Advisory Committee (CAC) on Board Learning from our mistakes • Requiring rigorous evaluation design of applicants coaching/TA on evaluation after selection • Universities community-based organizations • One year grants Multi year support • Tidy measurable objectives policy change; collective impact • 0 to 60 in one year planning precedes implementation – Bright idea business plan sustainability • Strength of PI strength of cross-sectoral collaboration – Who’s at the table? – What are their roles and responsibilities? Talking to your board • Start where they are, with who they are – Clinical and administrative, outpatient and hospital providers – Business men and women – Public health workers • Frame the conversation – Various frames shown earlier • Engage their input – CAC discussion – multiple meetings – Program Development and Oversight Committee – 9 month study What Health Equity Means to Kentucky Where you live, work, play, and learn matters when it comes to health Health Equity and Policy • All types of policies health • Policies can: – make inequities worse, – maintain the status quo, – help correct inequity Policies informed by equity address the causes of health and disease, not just the outcomes Ideas… Upstream, Mid- and Down Agree on goals/aims - differ on approaches, to accommodate differing population or community needs. Downstream • Track demographic data to spot health disparities • Build the healthcare workforce, change delivery strategies to increase care access – Care navigators – Mobile dental, other clinics – Dental hygienists – Telemedicine Ideas…Upstream, Mid - and Down • Midstream – – “Behavioral Economics” – Financial incentives for desired performance (eg. premium reductions for folks who maintain positive health behaviors) – Partner with education to enroll eligible children in needed services • Upstream – – Place-based strategies – Policy and systems change - Cross-sectoral collaboration To reduce exposure to health risks, support healthy behaviors Promote safe neighborhoods Promote healthy food, physical activity Where we haven’t gone… Equity by the numbers: % of Foundation dollars provided to – – Poorest communities – Women- and minority-run organizations – Grantees with “majority minority” boards Where we do go…. • • • • Mapping where the grants go Assessing the impacts of our work Breaking down barriers to participation Continuous feedback loop learning as we go Thank you Questions? 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