Transcript Covalent Bond - Warren County Public Schools

Covalent Bond
Chapter 9
What is a Covalent
bond
• Bond resulting from the sharing of a
valence e• Between 2 nonmetals
• molecule
Single Bond
• Atoms will share e- to form an outer octet.
• When only one e- is shared it is a single
bond.
• Lewis Structure: electron-dot diagram to
show how e- are arranged in molecules
• EX: PH3
• CCl4
Multiple Covalent
Bonds
• Can share more than one e- to form outer
octet
• O2
• Triple bond
• N2
Strength of Bonds
• Bond length: distance between nuclei
• Triple bond has shortest bond length, double
bond has shorter bond length, single bond
longest.
• Shorter the bond length the stronger the
bond.
Strength of Covalent
Bonds
• Bond dissociation energy: amount of energy
required to break a bond.
• Bond breaking always endothermic.
• EX:
– F2 159KJ/mol
– O2 498kJ/mol
– N2 945kJ/mol
Naming binary molecular
Compounds
1. The first element in the formula is always
named first using the entire element name
2. The second element in the formula is
named using the root of the element +
suffix –ide
3. Prefixes are used to indicate the number of
atoms present in the compound.
Naming Binary
# of atoms
Prefix
Molecular Compounds
• Do not begin
compound with word
mono-
1
2
3
monoDiTri-
4
5
6
7
TetraPentaHexaHepta-
8
9
10
OctaNonaDeca-