Transcript Document

Planning for a Cochrane review and moving
thru the editorial process
Jodie Doyle, Managing Editor
The McCaughey Centre
VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Things to think about upfront
• Choosing a topic - Review authors need to understand their chosen
topic area, particularly public health importance of intervention
(design a logic model, undertake scoping of the existing evidence)
• Ensuring relevance - potential end-users should be involved in
framing the review question, intervention scope, and outcomes (see
Review Advisory Group slide)
• Consider funding options to support review production
• Consider time commitment (12 months +, and updating thereafter)
• Utilise the Cochrane Public Health Group (CPHG) early in the
process (ie. to discuss topic)
• Undertake Cochrane training - Cochrane Collaboration Online
Learning http://training.cochrane.org/ and local Cochrane Centres
www2.cochrane.org/news/workshops.shtml
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Choosing a topic
•
Know and have an interest in the content area
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Review should add evidence to current, topical policy question on
effectiveness of an intervention
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Be prepared to have your own preconceived opinions on effects disproved (or
don’t do it!) and to step outside of the health domain
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Where possible, aim for a review topic that is relevant to developing country
decision making
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Check against the scope of the CPHG http://ph.cochrane.org/scope-our-work
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Have other reviews on this topic been conducted?
– Check for reviews already completed or in-progress with Cochrane
Collaboration (http://www2.cochrane.org/reviews/index.htm) to avoid
duplication of effort
– Check other sources of reviews
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Funding options
• No direct funding from Cochrane Collaboration or
CPHG to support full review production
• Commercial sponsorship of reviews prohibited
• Consider horizon scanning to support review funding
(ie guidelines being developed, policy development
on government agendas? etc)
• Some organisations do commission CRs
• Your local CC Centre may have knowledge of local
funding opportunities
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Forming the authorship team
• At least two authors
• Mix of content expertise with interdisciplinary
perspectives
• Methodology expertise
• Consider time availability and management when
deciding number of authors
• Lead author to ‘lead’ on defining tasks of each
member (task allocations to be described in proposal)
• Try to include at least one other author from another
country
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Forming a Review Advisory Group
• A recommendation within The Cochrane Handbook
• Helps ensure relevance to end users (policy makers, funders,
practitioners, recipients/consumers)
• Role: to help reviewers outline the parameters (ie. PICO) of their
proposed review (not as co-authors). Provide background material
(local/broader context) May help to interpret findings and
disseminate
• 4 – 8 members. PHRG can help source
• Management can be challenging and potentially time-consuming lead author generally responsible for communications
• Be clear on roles (formal or informal) and timeframes. Ask direct
questions.
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Editorial process of a review thru the PHRG
Cochrane reviews progress to final review
publication in 3 stages:
1. Title registration
2.
Protocol - sets out your plan for conducting
the review
3.
Completed review (Updates thereafter)
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
CPHG Review Development Process
1. Registration of title
3-6 months
2. Submission of
Protocol to editorial
base (editorial
comment and feedback
(2-3 weeks)
External review
and feedback
(3 weeks)
Author modifications
to document
Co-edit by Publishers.
Final author and editorial
approval – marked for
Publication (2-3weeks)
6-12 months
3. Submission of
completed review (or
updated review) to
editorial base (editorial
comment and feedback
(3-4 weeks)
External review
and feedback
(4 weeks)
Editorial
review of
modifications
(1-2 weeks)
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Publication in
Cochrane Library
Title registration stage (1)
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Significant stage in setting up the direction of the review – don’t rush into submission
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Upon general agreement on the review topic with the Managing Editor
([email protected]), you are sent a Title Registration Form to complete
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Ensure all authors have input into the TRF, involve the RAG members at this stage
The TRF asks for information on:
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Author team (including experience in doing reviews)
Motivation for the review
Funding
Parameters of the proposed review, ie.
 Objective
 Rationale for review
 PICO
 Other information relevant to the proposal, including a) relevance to developing
countries and b) in highlighting issues of inequity
•
TRF is sent to the editors for consideration and comments -> If approved, title
registered with CC to ensure that there is no overlap with any others -> after 2
weeks (if there is no overlap/objections) the title is officially registered and you can
begin work on the protocol.
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Protocol development (2)
Need to include:
• Background
• Objective
• Criteria for considering studies for this review
Types of studies
Types of participants
Types of interventions
Types of outcome measures
Search methods for identification of studies
• Methods of the review
Study selection
Data extraction
Study quality (how data will be extracted and assessed)
Statistical analysis
• Sources of support, Acknowledgements, Conflict of
Interest
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Protocol development (2)
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Download the software (Revman) for entering protocol and review text
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User account and link to the CC IMS – Archie
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CPHG Guide for developing a Cochrane protocol
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CPHG Handbook - more specific guidance conducting PH reviews
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Cochrane Reviewer Training - local Cochrane Centre or self-directed training
available on-line
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All authors involved in protocol development (RAG members can also be
consulted)
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Protocol first submitted within 3-6 months of title registration
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Peer reviewed by external referees and PHRG editors
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Copy edited -> published on The Cochrane Library
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Review development (3)
• Upon acceptance of protocol for publication
-> commence work on the review
• No need for RAG members to be involved
• Submitted review (6-12 months) undergoes
similar editorial process to the protocol and is
published on The Cochrane Library when the
final draft has been accepted
• Updates every 2 years or as necessary
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Ongoing support
• Unlike other journals we do not take your
submitted work and either accept or reject it
-> work with team until protocol/review meets
standards for publication
• Statistical editors can assist with any
statistical problems and will assess the draft
protocol and review when submitted
• The TSC can assist in reviewing search
strategy and may be able to help with study
retrieval, resources permitting
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Lessons from review authors
• Think about funding before starting to allow blocking
of time. Enthusiasm may not be enough to get the
protocol finished. Funding can be essential
• Can be time consuming potentially up to 2 years to
write and publish the review – if people undertaking
in their “spare time“ or around other work projects.
• Think about the practicality of doing a review with
people from around the globe who you have never
met. Establish clear goals, time lines and frequency
of communication…project management
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Useful Resources
• CPHG’s Guide for developing a Cochrane protocol
http://ph.cochrane.org/sites/ph.cochrane.org/files/uploads/
Guide%20for%20PH%20protocol_booklet_UpdatedJan52
011.pdf
• Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of
Interventions - www.cochrane-handbook.org/
Other resources linked on www.ph.cochrane.org/en/authors.html
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Cochrane Collaboration Online Learning
http://training.cochrane.org/
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Writing a protocol for your review
The McCaughey Centre
VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Why have a protocol?
• Systematic reviews are scientific
research
• Involve judgements about what to include
• Plan methods ‘a priori’ to reduce bias
• Access to peer review
• Avoid duplication of effort
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Format of a protocol
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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8.
Title
Review authors
Background
Objectives
Selection criteria
Search strategy
Methods
other
Your new best
friends…
CPHG’s Guide for developing a
Cochrane protocol
http://ph.cochrane.org/resources
-and-guidance
Cochrane Handbook for
Systematic Reviews of
Interventions
www.cochrane-handbook.org/
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Writing your protocol
1) Background
– How important is the problem?
– Is there uncertainty?
– What is the reasoning as to why the
intervention(s) might work? (include
theoretical frameworks)
– Other similar reviews?
– Why is it important to do the review?
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Writing your protocol
2) Objectives
– What are the questions/hypotheses?
3) Selection criteria
– Follow naturally from objectives
– PICO(T)
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Population(s)
Intervention(s)
Comparison(s)
Outcomes (Primary / Secondary)
Types of studies
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Writing your protocol
4) Planned search strategy
– Databases and terms
5) Planned data extraction
– Processes and outcomes?
– More than one reviewer?
– Planned quality appraisal (incl. checklists)
6) Method of synthesis
– Tabulate
– Narrative/qualitative synthesis or meta-analysis
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health
Any questions?
Contact:
[email protected]
Website:
www.ph.cochrane.org
The McCaughey Centre VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing
Melbourne School of Population Health