Transcript Democratic Governance - United Nations Rule of Law

Anti-Corruption Programming
Role of UNDP in Supporting UNCAC
Implementations
Regional CoP Workshop – The Arab Region
Beirut, Lebanon, 27-30 July, 2008
Phil Matsheza ([email protected] ), Anti-corruption Advisor &
Anga Timilsina ([email protected]), Research Analyst
Democratic Governance Group (DGG),
Bureau for Development Policy (BDP), UNDP
Anti-Corruption Programming
What is common between
Judo and anti-corruption
programming?
“Combating Corruption is like
Judo. Instead of bluntly resisting
the criminal forces, one must
redirect the enemy's energy to
its own decay”.
--Dr. Johann Graf Lambsdorff, Univ.
of Passau, Germany
Implication:
In AC-programming, national
counterparts should be
involved more effectively to
tackle their own problem
Anti-Corruption Strategy
Combating corruption requires a holistic approach
that addresses the many causes, facets and
structural issues that corruption entails
Common Strategic
Challenges
Political will (credible
leadership)
Entry points
Sustainability
Resources and
expertise
UNDP Value-Added
Demand Side of DG/AC
Supply Side of DG/AC
Inclusive Participation
Responsive Institutions
• Civil society
• E-government
• Electoral systems and processes
• Political parties
• Independent journalism
•Parliaments
•Justice
• Public sector reform
• Decentralized and local Governance
• (Economic Governance)
International Principles
• Gender
• Human rights
• Anti-Corruption
Programming Areas
UNDP Global Thematic Programme on AntiCorruption for Development Effectiveness (PACDE)
1. To increase state/institutional capacity to
respond to UNCAC and engage more
effectively to improve governance and
sustain development
5. To improve awareness
and knowledge through the
development of knowledge
products
4. To improve harmonization
and coordination of AC
initiatives
•
Objectives of UNDP
Anti-Corruption
Global Programme
2. To increase utilization of
governance/AC assessment
tools to inform policies at
national level
3. To strengthen capacity of the
media and civil Society to expose
and provide oversights against
corruption
Outcome areas outlined in the UNDP AC Global Programme
Programming Areas (Contd.)
1. Potential AC interventions to increase
state/institutional capacity to respond to
UNCAC and to improve governance:
Training to national counterparts on AC and
UNCAC
Anti-corruption technical and advisory support
for national partners




Risk assessment and gap analysis (capacity
assessment).
Advisory support to develop national AC
strategies, policies and work plans.
Support to establish and strengthen oversight
institutions.
Coordinate AC policies among different partners
and stakeholders.
Methodologies for incorporating AC-principles
in service delivery and activities of TWG
Example:
AC Advisory Service
to Pakistan and
Bangladesh
Example:
UNDP help for
drafting national
AC Strategy of
Sierra Leone
Programming Areas (Contd.)
2. AC interventions to increase the
utilization of governance/AC assessment
tools to inform policies at national level
Example:
DGG/OGC Mapping
• Production of diagnostic tools to measure
of AC tools
corruption.
in Africa
• Undertake surveys to qualify and quantify
corruption at country level (by sector)
3. AC interventions to strengthen capacity of the
media and civil society to provide oversight
against corruption.
•
Train civil society and media
•
Increase CSO and media participation in policy
formulation and international representation
•
Support innovative activities of CSOs and media
Programming Areas (Contd.)
4. AC interventions to improve harmonization
and coordination of anti-corruption
initiatives:

Improved UN agency and donor
coordination

Improved strategic coordination with
other partners
5. AC interventions to increase awareness and
knowledge on AC norms, standards, and
methodologies and their application through
the development of KM:

Produce flyers, fact sheets and
posters on topical issues

Produce guidelines, manuals,
comparative experiences, and
primers
Example:
Joint programmes
With UNODC
Programming Areas (Contd.)
UNCAC provides programming guidelines in the areas around which COs can
develop AC interventions under the preventive measures of UNCAC which
reflect generally accepted principles of the good governance agenda
UNCAC as a Democratic Governance and Development Framework
UNCAC Articles
Demand for Programming
Article 5: Anti-corruption policies
Policy framework, legal framework, strategies, coordination,
and consultation processes
Article 6: Independence of AC bodies
Technical assistance to establish and strengthen oversight
institutions
Article 7: Civil service capacity-building
Public sector reform
Article 8: Code of conduct
Promotion of integrity, honesty and responsibility among
public officials
Article 9: Public procurement and
management of public finance
Promote the introduction of a transparent effective system of
public procurement and public finance management.
Article 10: Public reporting
Increasing demand for anti-corruption efforts: Media and
civil society empowerment
Article 12: Private sector
Role of private sector in delivering social services
Article 13: Civil society
Social audit, citizens’ audit, and budget tracking
UNDP Mandates and UNCAC
Figure: Interdependence of Cooperation to Prevent and
Combat Corruption
Guidelines for AC-Programming
Engage all relevant stakeholders (public, private, CSOs, judges)
both in formulating programme and monitoring progress
Get the process right (sufficient consultations, risk analysis, etc.)
Take into account the sustainability issue from the very
beginning (Resources may be readily available for national
initiative but hard to get enough resources for sectoral
programme)
Be realistic while developing a project/programme; programme
should be knowledge-based.
Design programme with realistic timeframe (e.g., a lifespan of
government)
Note that prioritization and sequencing is important but it is
context specific.
If possible, conduct gap and risk analyses to find out entry
points and to effectively prioritize and sequence interventions.
Guidelines for AC-Programming
Adopt joint assistance strategies for better resource mobilization
and coordination (e.g., working groups with donors and national
counterparts)
Incorporate countries national anti-corruption plans into
development strategy documents (mainstreaming AC
intervention into development efforts: Mongolia; Zambia)
Sectoral approaches e.g., education or justice could prove to be
effective, but they should be a part of a broader strategy (not
stand alone initiative from the prospective of sustaining AC
initiative (e.g., AC Commission Nigeria)
Build upon the emphasis that corruption is a cross-cutting issue
(this will give you more opportunities for programming)
Seize the opportunities for AC intervention (the right time: after
election; after regime change; post-scandal situation, postconflict)
From the very beginning, be clear about the responsibility (who
is going to be responsible for what)
Funding Sources
Funding
Opportunities
from the
evolving DG
Practice
Funding Sources (contd.)
DG Thematic Trust Fund:
http://www.sdnp.undp.org/ttf/gov/
UNDP Anti-Corruption Global Programme (PACDE)
(http://practices.undp.org/democratic-governance)
United Nations Democracy Fund
(http://www.un.org/democracyfund/ )
UNDP-Spain MDG Achievement Fund
(http://www.undp.org/mdgf/eligible.shtml )
Other multilateral and bilateral sources