Journal

Write each question. Then answer them as you view, “Bill Nye Nutrition”.

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4.

How does food give our bodies energy?

How does protein help build our bodies? Is fat good for our bodies?

What are calories? 1.

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The carbohydrates, proteins, and fat in food give our bodies energy.

Protein develops red blood cells, strong muscles, eyes, bones, etc.

Yes! Fat insulates our bodies for warmth and covers nerve cells.

Calories are the measure of heat energy when mixed with oxygen.

You Are What You Eat

Eating Healthy, Eating Well

Food for Life

Food, water, & air are the life’s basic needs.

Eating is also a social experience.

Many people use food for emotional relief.

Nutrition

Good nutrition is one of the main factors in good health.

Nutrition: the foods that the body needs to grow, develop, and work properly. Diet: everything that you eat and drink during the day.

Factors That Influence Your Diet

Geography: what local products are available?

Family: traditions in families Cultural background: ethnic foods Convenience: eating anything that’s available Cost: family budget Friends: peer pressure Advertising: creates demand for products Personal taste: preference for some foods

The 6 Nutrients

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Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids (fats) Vitamins Minerals Water

1. Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates: the starches & sugars that provide our body with most of its energy.

A. Simple carbohydrates: sugars which are found in fruits, milk, & simple sugar.

1. Carbohydrates

B. Complex carbohydrates: starches bread, cereal, & vegetables. (good source of fiber) 1 g of carbohydrate = 4 calories.

60% of our daily calories should come from carbohydrates.

tissues.

2. Protein

-build, repair, and maintain body cells and -can also be used for energy.

2. Protein

1 g protein = 4 calories.

Amino acids: building blocks of proteins Animal products & vegetables together can provide all the necessary proteins.

3. Lipids (Fats)

source of energy and essential for body functions.

Some vitamins can only be absorbed with lipids.

important in production of sex hormones.

fat under the skin keeps us warm.

surround the internal organs for cushion and protection against injuries.

1 g fat = 9 calories

3. Lipids, part 2

Excess stored as extra weight.

milk, butter, egg, cheese, & meat.

A. Saturated fat = turn to cholesterol in body & are solid in room temperature B. Unsaturated fats = liquid at room temp (oils).

only 20% of daily calories should come from fat.

4. Vitamins

needed by the body in small quantities. regulate many body functions.

carried in body by either water or lipids.

Fat-soluble vitamins are A, D, E, & K.

Vitamin supplements are recommended for people who do not eat enough fruits and vegetables.

5. Minerals

needed in small quantity. regulate & maintain many body functions.

found in most food items.

Examples: calcium, iron, fluoride, iodine, …

6. Water (H

2

0)

most common nutrient.

60% of our body weight.

carries other nutrients (vitamins) in the body.

helps digestion and waste elimination.

need 6-8 glasses/day.