Transcript POPULATION CENSUS ORGANIZATION

Users Producers Workshop
Presentation
on
Population Statistics
by
Muhammad Saeed
Census Commissioner
Population Census Organization
POPULATION CENSUS
Population Census is the primary source of information on
population size and its characteristics. The data collected through
population census serves as bench mark for all types of socio-economic
development planning and evaluation and provide basis for all
administrative activities, demographic research and various projections of
population characteristics.
Census taking is a universal practice and is undertaken in almost
all countries of the world. Through population census a vast amount of
data on all basic demographic and socio-economic variables is collected
about each person living within country/territory. The main advantage of
population census is the large amount of data it produces at one point of
time and the availability of data at the lowest level.
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DEFINITION
Population census is total process of collecting, compiling,
evaluating, analyzing and publishing / disseminating demographic,
social and economic data of all persons in a country or a well
defined territory, at a specified time.
•
CHARACTERISTICS OF CENSUS
i) Largeness to cover entire area / population
ii) Accuracy and reliability of information
iii) Time oriented activity
ESSENTIAL FEATURES

i)
INDIVIDUAL
ENUMERATION-Implies
that
each
individual
enumerated and his/her characteristics recorded separately
ii)
UNIVERSALITY WITHIN A DEFINED TERRITORY- Census should cover the
entire country or well defined territory and include every person living
therein
is
iii) SIMULTANEITY-Data collected should refer to the same well defined
reference period – generally the census day with specific time
iv) DEFINED PERIODICITY-Census should be taken at regular intervals so that
comparable information is made available in a fixed sequence. A series of
censuses makes it possible to appraise the past, describe the present and
estimate the future
CENSUS HISTORY
1. First regular census in the areas now comprising Pakistan
was held in 1881.
2. Since then regular censuses have been conducted after
every ten years in the year ending at one.
3. After independence five censuses have been undertaken in
1951, 1961, 1972, 1981 and 1998.
4. Fifth census due in 1991 could not be conducted as
scheduled due to some administrative / political reasons but
was undertaken in March, 1998.
SCOPE OF CENSUS
I) AREA COVERED
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II)
Entire Area Of Pakistan including Tribal Areas (F A T A & P A T A)
AJK & Northern Areas covered on behalf of M/o Kashmir and Northern Affairs
POPULATION COVERED
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All persons living in above areas enumerated on de-jure and de-facto basis
Afghan refugees and special population groups living in camps / pockets
excluded
Foreign national living in Pakistan covered except diplomatic personnel
and their families
Seasonal migrants covered at place of residence on census date
Pakistanis living abroad not counted.
III)TOPICS OF INFORMATION COVERED
A) DEMOGRAPHIC & SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS
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Age
Sex
Relationship to the head
Marital status
Religion
Mother tongue (language)
Nationality
B) EDUCATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
-
Literacy status
School attendance
Level of education completed
Field of education
C) GEOGRAPHICAL/MIGRATION CHARACTERISTICS
-
Usual residence
District of birth
Duration of continues residence in district
District of previous residence
Reason of migration
D) ECONOMIC CHARACTERSTICS
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Type of activity
Occupation
Industry
Employment status
Reason of un-employment
E) FERTILITY MORTALITY
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No. of children ever born alive by sex
No. of children still living by sex
No. of children born during last 12 months by sex
No. of children still living by sex
F) MISELLENIOUS
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Nature of disability if any
Immunization of children under 10 years of age
Holding of NI Card of persons 18 years plus
IMPORTANCE OF CENSUS
(SOCIO-ECONOMIC
 Provide bench mark data for all socio-economic development plans
/ policies and their evaluation
 Provide basis for all administrative activities, demographic
research and projection of population to meet future
requirements.
 Provide population data for smallest Admn. Units / areas.
 Establish sampling frame for intercensal sample surveys on
various topics and others statistical programs
 Provide changing patterns of urban / rural concentrations and
development of urbanized areas.
IMPORTANCE OF CENSUS
(LEGAL / CONSTITUTIONAL)
 Census also meets legal and political requirement:
- Provides basis for political representation to the National
Assembly under article 51 (3) of the constitution.
- Population base used for distribution of funds to the federating
units by the National Finance Commission formed under article
160 (2) of the constitution.
- Determines quota for recruitment to all civil posts in Federal
Government.
SELECTION OF TOPICS
 Mainly depends upon needs of data users
(planners, administrators and researchers)
 Continuity of census information – Traditional topics
 Quality of data collected in previous census
 Availability of qualified and dedicated field staff
 Ability of respondents in answering complex questions

Availability of resources in term of money, men and
technical capabilities
 International practice and UN / ESCAP recommendation
CENSUS METHODOLOGY
Methodology refers to methods employed for collecting data, different
phases involved, use of sampling, etc.
 Canvasser method: information for each individual and living
quarter collected and recorded by enumerator through interaction with
the
respondent – generally used in illiterate population.
 In householder
methods, the responsibility for recording
information
on head / person in the housing unit however,
questionnaire or usually distributed, collected and checked by
census officials.
 Dejure verses defecto count: dejure count in all previous censuses
except 1981. Next census on dejure as well as defecto basis to
provide counter check of total count.
 Use of sampling in enumeration to collect additional information.
PLANNING PROCESS
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Initial decisions about census taking / date
Consultation with data users
Census methodology – dejure / defacto
Determine different phases of census
Type of maps required
Determination of training procedure
Work out requirement of staff, equipment and supplies
Determine budgetary requirements and logistics.
PRE-CENSUS ACTIVITIES
 Designing of questionnaires and their pre-testing
 Development of tabulation plan for census reports
 Delimitation of census areas to ensure complete coverage
 Preparation of maps to avoid omission/
 Development of sample design
 Plans for data entry / processing
 Preparation of training material
 Appointment and training of field staff
 Printing of census documents
 Logistic supplies
duplication
ENUMERATION ACTIVITIES

House numbering / house listing to identify residential
and commercial etc. units and to prepare inventory
of households.

Census enumeration through door to door visit and
interaction of enumerator with the head or responsible
member of household.

Supervision / monitoring to ensure accuracy in
recording of information. Each supervisor to fill 20
forms of each block independently.

Retrieval of filled-in
delimitation of areas.
documents
according
to
DATA PROCESSING

Manual editing of filled-in census forms for inconsistency,
incompleteness and erroneous data

Coding of open ended questions on occupation, industry,
district of migration, etc.

Data entry for accurate and speedy transfer of data for
further processing
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Computer editing and imputation of missing values

Preliminary tabulation and consistency checking

Final tabulation according to pre-determined tabulation plan
QUALITY CONTROL MEASURES

Delimitation of whole country into small census areas i.e.
census blocks, circles etc. with boundary description to
ensure complete coverage of area and population.

Preparation/supply of maps of each census areas to avoid
omissions or duplication.

Proper training of all tiers of the field staff i.e. enumerators,
supervisors, superintendents.

Supervision and monitoring during all stages of census
operation.

Use of machine readable form/optical mark reader to
transfer data from census forms directly to computer to
ensure accurate and speedy data entry.
DISSEMINATION OF DATA
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Provisional Results
Advance tabulation on important characteristics
District Census Reports
Provincial / National Reports
Subject wise reports on important characteristics
Special area reports (Thar & Cholistan)
Analytical reports on important topics
Big city reports (population 3 lac & over)
Census Atlas giving geographical presentation of census
data
SALIENT FEATURE OF 1998 CENSUS

BLOCK LEVEL MAPS PREPARED TO ENSURE COMPLETE COVERAGE
OF AREA / POPULATION AND AVOID UNDER / OVER ENUMERATION
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NO MAJOR COMPLAINT ON OVER / UNDER ENUMERATION OF AREA /
POPULATION - EXPERTS ACCEPTABILITY
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MOST SUPERVISED CENSUS - EVERY ENUMERATOR ACCOMPANIED
BY A PERSON FROM ARMED FORCES
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COUNTER CHECK SYSTEM - THREE TYPE OF FORMS USED FOR
RECORDING POPULATION
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DATA ENTRY THROUGH OMR TO ENSURE ACCURACY
= 2 =
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QUICK CENSUS RESULTS
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PROVISIONAL RESULTS IN ABOUT 3 MONTHS TIME ( 4 MONTHS
IN 1981 CENSUS )
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ADVANCE TABULATION IN 10 MONTHS ( 21 MONTHS IN 1981
CENSUS)
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FINAL RESULTS IN 30 MONTHS ( 45 MONTHS IN 1981 CENSUS )
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GROWTH RATE JUSTIFIABLE
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EXTENSIVE TABULATION
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52 STATISTICAL TABLE AGAINST 32 IN 1981 CENSUS
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25 ANALYTICAL TABLES AT DISTRICT LEVEL AGAINST ONLY
ONE IN 1981 CENSUS
THANKS