Transcript Number of Trips

e-Governance and
public sector
reform
Email: [email protected]
Home Page: http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/~subhash
Blog: www.subhashbhatnagar.org
e-Governance an Enabler of Improving
Governance
Participation by all members of a
society feel included & have a
Rule of law: Fair legal frameworks
that are enforced impartially and
full protection of human rights.
Requires an independent judiciary
and incorruptible police force.
stake.
”
Transparency : decisions and their
enforcement follows rules . Info is freely
available to affected parties.
Effectiveness and efficiency:
Processes and institutions produce
results that meet the needs of
society by making the best use of
resources ensuring sustainable use
of natural resources.
Responsive, Citizen-focused Services
Improving services by simplifying the
process of delivery, enhancing
transparency and reducing corruption.
Accountability:
Governmental, private sector
and civil society must be
accountable to the public.
Accountability and
transparency go together.
eGovernance: Key Characteristics
eGovernance is a process of reform
enabled by ICTs
• in the way Governments work
• share information
• and deliver services
Government to
Citizen: G2C:
Government to
Business:
G2B
Government to
Government:
G2G
MANUAL FRONT END
MANUAL BACK END
BACK END
Benefits
transparency
convenience
less corruption
revenue growth
cost reduction
FRONT END
Impact of eGovernance on Indian Users
 Study covered 3 State-level projects in 12 States
 Land Records: issue of RTC and Mutation
 Property Registration
 Transport: vehicle registration and driver’s license
 In each state for each project 600-800 citizens (from 25
locations in state) were surveyed
 Cost of Availing Service Measured Directly before and after
computerization




Number of trips made for the service
Average waiting time in each trip
Total time elapsed in availing service
Amount paid as bribe to functionaries/ Agents
L
A
N
D
10.00
9.00
8.00
7.00
MANUAL
SAVING
2.77
1.00
5 OUT OF 10 ALMOST
AT OPTIMAL LEVEL
6.00
5.00
R
E
C
O
R
D
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
Delhi
Gujarat
Haryana
HP
Orissa
Rajasthan
TN
Uttarakhand
10.00
WB
MP
MANUAL
SAVING
3.96
1.61
9.00
P
R
O
P
E
R
T
Y
8.00
2 OUT OF 11 AT
OPTIMAL LEVEL
7.00
6.00
MANUAL
COMPUTERISED
N
U
M
B
E
R
5.00
O
F
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
Delhi
Gujarat
Haryana
HP
Orissa
Rajasthan
TN
Uttarakhand
WB
Kerala
Punjab
T
R
I
P
S
10.00
T
R
A
N
S
P
O
R
T
9.00
8.00
MANUAL
SAVING
3.44
1.00
7.00
2 OUT OF 11 AT
OPTIMAL LEVEL
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
Delhi
Gujarat
Haryana
HP
Orissa
Rajasthan
TN
Uttarakhand
WB
Kerala
MP
Punjab
L
A
N
D
MANUAL
100.00
90.00
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Avg Bribe
80.00
70.00
60.00
(46)
50.00
R
E
C
O
R
D
SAVING
MANUAL
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Rs 89
COMPUTERISED
( )
(44)
% USING AGENTS
30.00
(17)
20.00
P
A
Y
I
N
G
10.00
Delhi
Gujarat
Haryana
HP
Orissa
Rajasthan
TN
Uttarakhand
WB
100.00
MP
MANUAL
SAVING
23.18
Avg. Bribe
6.13
Rs. 1081
90.00
P
R
O
P
E
R
T
Y
(68)
80.00
70.00
(61)
60.00
50.00
(41)
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
(2)
(7)
Delhi
T
R
A
N
S
P
O
R
T
%
40.00
Gujarat
Haryana
HP
Orissa
Rajasthan
TN
Uttarakhand
WB
90.00
80.00
70.00
(53)
(48)
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
-
(14)
(14)
Punjab
MANUAL
SAVINGenjoy
Functionaries
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4.2
extensive
discretionary
Avg.
Bribe
Rs.
184
power
Complex process
requiring use of
intermediary by client
100.00
60.00
Kerala
(20)
(21)
(5)
Delhi
Gujarat
Haryana
HP
Orissa
Rajasthan
TN
Uttarakhand
WB
Kerala
MP
Punjab
B
R
I
B
E
S
E-Applications with Varying Degree of
Impact on Transparency
•
•
•
•
•
•
E-procurement: Andhra Pradesh, Mexico, Chile
Land/Property Transactions- BHOOMI
Zero Mass Foundation: Payment of Subsidies
MCA-21 Department of Company Affairs
OPEN, Seoul Municipality
Income Tax-Singapore, India
Scope of eProcurement Services
• Pre-procurement processes
• Tender Management system
– Online publication of tender notice
– Online bid submission
– Online evaluation, issue of Letter of award
•
•
•
•
•
Rate contracts and catalog buying
Auctions & reverse auctions
Supplier registration
Contract monitoring
ePayments, PKI
Key Objectives
• Simplification of procurement procedures
• Achieving greater transparency in procurement
• Reducing delay in procurement-ensuring timely
completion of projects
• Leverage buying power through demand aggregation
• Better value for money for government
• Significantly reduced cost and time of doing business
for both government and industry
• Increased transparency, level playing field,
monitoring and control of procurement process
GOAP
For Transparency
&
Efficiency
Benefits Demonstrated
•
Savings to Government
– Total anonymity generated more competition
– Discount quotations even in Single bid tenders
– Savings of the order of USD 550 million
– Automated work flows shortened tender lead time
from 90-180 days to 36 days
•
Transparency
– Bid documents available free on Net.
– Tender evaluation status automatically notified to
bidders
– Corrigendums in public domain
– No interface with departments up to tender opening
1.6 million
Customers
6,100 Customer
Service Points
9, 200 Villages
127 Districts
Warangal, Account Opening and Payments
Enablers of e-Government
Vision, Conceptualization, Design and Execution
 Agency Goals and Tight Linkage
Technology

People
Managing
Partnerships
Process
Attention to
Detail in
Execution




with ICT Project objectives stated
as outcomes
Clarity on measurable value
delivered to stake holders
Technology: Robust, scalable,
Inter-operable
Process Reengineering focused
on efficiency and transparency
Finding solutions to user pain
points
Change Management
Lessons for Iraq
• Focus on service delivery and not just on strategy
• Use eGovernance to enhance public sector reform
agenda
• Leapfrog but slowly according to your stage of evolution
• Choose Kiosk based delivery as the primary channel and
move to mobile based delivery
• Benefits come from reengineering
– Be user centric- remove pain points
– Do not outsource-matter of great detail
– Reduce unnecessary discretion
• Build capacity to reengineer and manage implementation
THANK YOU
Focus on First 3 Stages in Life Cycle of a Project
7
Enhance
6
Evaluate
5
Rollout
4
Pilot
Development of
Scope+Objectives
Current State
Assessment
1
Conceptualize
Future State
Definition
2
Architect
Slide 17
3
Develop
Role of Political Leaders
1.
2.
3.
4.
Becoming Champions of e-Government
• to achieve change of mindset
• to insist on transformation and NOT automation
Removing Barriers
• to overcome employee resistance
• to achieve cross-agency coordination
Creating a Conducive Policy Environment
• Mandating provision of e-Services
• to create confidence in private sector to partner
government
Enabling speedy Project Development
• to provide adequate resources
India NeGP Vision
All Government services Accessible to the common
man
– In his locality, throughout his life
– through a One-stop-shop (integrated service delivery)
– Ensuring efficiency, transparency & reliability
– at affordable costs
– Project Implementation in Mission Mode
– Process Re-engineering & Change Management are critical
– Effective Public Private Partnership is crucial
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Architecture for Service Delivery
Call Centers
SDC
..
State Portal
Unique Application ID
Authentication
Message Routing
Guaranteed Delivery
Transaction Log
Timestamping
Acknowledgement
Status Tracking
…
CSC
CSC
Internet
SSDG
CSC
SWAN
State
Districts
Blocks
Taluks
Registration
Revenue
Transport
Municipalities
Govt. Departments at various levels
SHQ
Collector’s
Office
Tehsil / Taluks
Governance Structures for NeGP
States
National eGov Council (PM)
GOI
National Apex Committee (CS)
PMU - NISG
DIT
Empowered
Committees
Of
Ministries
State eGov Council (CM)
State Apex Committee (CS)
PeMT
SeMT
Council of CIOs
( IT Secretaries
of States)
PeMT
DIT
Program
Management
Project
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Management
Capacity Building needs
Leadership & Vision
•Policy Formulation
•Committing Resources
•Taking hard decisions
Program Development
•Preparing Roadmaps
•Prioritization
•Frameworks, Guidelines
Program Management
•Monitoring Progress
•Inter-agency Collaboration
•Funds Management
•Capacity Management
Project Development
•Conceptualization
•Architecture
•Definition (RFP, SLA…)
Project Management
•Bid Process Management
•Project Monitoring
•Quality Assurance
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